Changes in the legal and support background of woody energy plantations

Current forestry laws and regulations are not applicable to woody energy plantations. The cultivation technology used in these plantations differs from ones used in conventional forest management; thereby, specific legislation to regulate cultivation in woody energy plantations is required. Hungary passed its first regulations for woody energy plantations in 2007. The legislation addressed permitting, range of plantable species, planting procedures, cultivation, and plantation harvesting. The legislation overregulated coppice technology and only targeted roundwood energy plantation. The legislation does not mandate forest site surveys and its related expert opinions despite their importance in plantation establishment, particularly regarding tree species selection. The latest legislation, which improves earlier deficiencies and prescribes planting-execution plans for all plantations, came into effect 2017. Another important change is the industrial purpose categorization of woody plantations, which appeared beside coppice and roundwood energy plantations. In addition to raw material production, this type of plantation also increases the carbon sequestration of agriculture. The availability of financial resources heavily influenced plantation area size and planting intensity over the years. Investigating plantation tendencies provides an opportunity to identify forms of support that play an important role in creating the conditions for rational land use. Our research presents the effects these changes in legislation and financial support have had on energy plantations

A diuretikum-refrakter szívelégtelen betegek körében alkalmazott peritonealis dialízissel szerzett tapasztalataink = Peritoneal ultrafiltration for refractory heart failure: single-center experience

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Peritonealis dialízis, mint „bridge” terápia a szívtranszplantációig = Peritoneal dialysis as bridge therapy to heart transplantation

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Reszinkronizációra non-reszponder szívelégtelen beteg kezelése peritoneális dialízissel és elektróda repozícióval

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Az interventrikuláris szeptum mérése echokardiográfiával: mérési különbségek és klinikai következményeik

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Pest categorisation of Cephalcia lariciphila

The Panel on Plant health performed a pest categorisation of the larch web‐spinning sawfly Cephalcia lariciphila (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) for the EU. The insect has been reported in 11 EU Member States (MSs). It is a quarantine pest listed in Annex IIB of Council Directive 2000/29/EC. Protected zones are in place in Ireland and the UK (Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and Jersey). C. lariciphila can feed on all species of the genus Larix. There have been reported outbreaks in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK (England and Wales) in plantations of European larch (Larix decidua) and Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi = Larix leptolepis). C. lariciphila is absent in the protected zones. The pest can enter the protected zones by human‐assisted spread or by natural spread from EU areas where the pest is present. Plants for planting are considered the most important pathway for the pest. The pest can establish in the protected zones because the climatic conditions are similar to those of the 11 MSs where C. lariciphila is established, and the pest's main host plants are present. The prepupae overwinter in the litter, the adults emerge during May–June, and each female lays 30–40 eggs in slits in mature needles. The larvae feed on the needles through four instars. There is one generation per year; some of the prepupae undergo prolonged diapause for more than 1 year. The impact where the pest occurs is mainly related to the loss of tree growth following defoliation, while tree mortality was locally observed only after repeated defoliation. However, impact is likely to be mitigated by local biological control agents. All criteria assessed by EFSA above for consideration as a potential protected zone quarantine pest and as a potential regulated non‐quarantine pest were met

Pest categorisation of Gilpinia hercyniae

The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the Diprionid sawfly,Gilpinia hercyniaeHartig (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), for the EU.G. hercyniaeis a well-defined and distinguishablespecies, native to Europe but also present in North America, Japan, Mongolia, Korea and Pakistan, andrecognised as a pest of spruce (Piceaspp.). The pest is distributed in 19 Member States (MSs) of theEU. It is a quarantine pest listed in Annex IIB of Council Directive 2000/29/EC. Protected zones are inplace in Greece, Ireland and the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and Jersey). Plants forplanting ofPiceaspp. and soil and litter associated withPiceaspp. are considered as pathways for thispest, which is also able to disperse byflight. The prepupae overwinter inside cocoons in the litter or inthe foliage. In spring, the adults, mostly females emerge and lay 35–60 eggs per female in matureneedles. The larvae feed on the mature needles throughfive instars. There are 1–3 generations peryear; some of the prepupae undergo prolonged diapause for more than 1 year. The impact onPicea abies(=excelsa) is minimal, because only the needles of the previous years are attacked;however, outbreaks have occurred on non-native spruce,Picea glaucaandPicea sitchensis.The pest iscontrolled everywhere by natural enemies, including nuclear polyedrosis viruses. The insects spread onplants for planting ofPiceaspp., with soil and litter associated withPiceaspp., and byflight. The EUprotected zones have a similar climate and similar host plants as the MS whereG. hercyniaeisestablished. All criteria assessed by EFSA for consideration as potential protected zone quarantine pestand as a potential regulated non-quarantine pest were met

Fabry-betegség - Diagnosztikai útmutató

A Fabry-kór a lizoszomális tárolási betegségek csoportjába tartozó, X-kromoszómához kötötten, recesszív módon öröklődő betegség, amely a globotriaosylceramid felhalmozódásához vezet a szervezet legkülönbözőbb szöveteiben. A betegség első tünetei többnyire gyermekkorban jelentkeznek, a progresszió során a betegek súlyos szervi károsodásokkal és korai halálozással számolhatnak. Elsősorban fiúk és férfiak érintettek, azonban a betegség tüneteit heterozigóta nők esetében is megfigyelhetjük, de náluk a kórkép súlyossága változó, általában enyhébb lefolyású. Az enzimpótló kezelések megjelenése szükségessé tette, hogy részletes diagnosztikus és terápiás protokollt dolgozzunk ki. A jelen dolgozatban megjelenő ajánlásokat egy, a magyarországi Fabry-betegek kezelésében aktívan részt vevő orvosokból, a diagnosztika területén dolgozó biológosukból és egyéb szakemberekből álló multidiszciplináris munkacsoport foglalta össze. A munkacsoport áttekintette a korábbi klinikai tanulmányokat, a publikált vizsgálatokat és a közelmúltban megjelent nemzetközi és nemzeti útmutatókat. | Fabry disease is a rare, X-linked lysosomal storage disorder that leads to accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in different tissues of the body. The disease is progressive, first symptoms usually present in childhood. Consequencies of the diseases are disability and premature death. The disease in females could be as severe as in males although women may also be asymptomatic. The possibility of enzyme replacement therapy has made it necessary to elaborate a comprehensive guideline for the diagnosis and treatment follow-up. The guideline was established by a Hungarian multi-disciplinary working group, consisting of physicians who are involved in health care of Fabry patients. Previous clinical studies, published materials, and recently established international treatment guidelines were reviewed by the group