Synthesis, structure and reactivity of Pd and Ir complexes based on new lutidine-derived NHC/phosphine mixed pincer ligands

Coordination studies of new lutidine-derived hybrid NHC/phosphine ligands (CNP) to Pd and Ir have been performed. Treatment of the square-planar [Pd(CNP)Cl](AgCl2) complex 2a with KHMDS produces the selective deprotonation at the CH2P arm of the pincer to yield the pyridine-dearomatised complex 3a. A series of cationic [Ir(CNP)(cod)]+ complexes 4 has been prepared by reaction of the imidazolium salts 1 with Ir(acac)(cod). These derivatives exhibit in the solid state, and in solution, a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure in which the CNP ligands adopt an unusual C(axial)–N(equatorial)–P(equatorial) coordination mode. Reactions of complexes 4 with CO and H2 yield the carbonyl species 5a(Cl) and 6a(Cl), and the dihydrido derivatives 7, respectively. Furthermore, upon reaction of complex 4b(Br) with base, selective deprotonation at the methylene CH2P arms is observed. The, thus formed, deprotonated Ir complex 8b reacts with H2 in a ligand-assisted process leading to the trihydrido complex 9b, which can also be obtained by reaction of 7b(Cl) with H2 in the presence of KOtBu. Finally, the catalytic activity of Ir–CNP complexes in the hydrogenation of ketones has been briefly assessed.CTQ2013-45011-P, CTQ2016-80814-R and CTQ2014 -51912-RE

Las frutas: Una propuesta didáctica para la escuela inclusiva

Novenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2003-2004

Educación para la ciudadanía global basada en investigación: marco teórico

La presente publicación esboza el nuevo contexto educativo, caracterizado por la existencia de una ciudadanía global; plantea la estrategia didáctica de la investigación formativa y algunas pautas para implementarla en el ámbito escolar; y explica, desde una óptica práctica, cómo el profesorado puede tutorizar las diferentes fases de un proyecto de investigación.Está publicación ha sido realizada con el apoyo financiero de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). El contenido de dicha publicación es responsabilidad exclusiva de Món-3 y Fundació Solidaritat UB y no refleja necesariamente la opinión de la AECID

Consensus of Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy on optimal medication therapy management of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis; Hospital Pharmacy; Multidisciplinary approachDermatitis atòpica; Farmàcia hospitalària; Enfocament multidisciplinariDermatitis atópica; Farmacia hospitalaria; Enfoque multidisciplinarioAim: This study's aims are: 1) To use the Delphi method to determine the level of consensus among hospital pharmacists (HPs) as regards the factors involved in the current approach to patients with atopic dermatitis (AD); 2) To identify potential areas for improvement in hospital pharmacy in terms of dealing with patients with severe AD; and 3) To contribute to adequate pharmaceutical care for patients with AD by drawing up recommendations. Methods: A two-round Delphi survey with participation from HPs from all over Spain. Three theme-based blocks were set out: 1) AD; 2) Management of patients with severe AD in the Hospital Pharmacy setting; and 3) Unmet needs (pathology, patient, treatment and management). Results: The 42 HPs participating reached a consensus in recognising the impact of severe AD on the patients suffering from it, the need to encourage adherence and the recommendations to use scales that take into account the patient's quality of life and indicators of the patient's experience. It has also been demonstrated that it is worthwhile evaluating the results in real clinical practice in consensus with other specialists from the multidisciplinary team. Finally, it is advisable to use drugs that have demonstrated long-term effectiveness and safety for patients with severe AD, given the disease's chronic nature. Conclusions: This Delphi consensus highlights the impact of severe AD on patients, the importance of a multidisciplinary and holistic approach, in which HP play a major role. It also highlights the importance of increased access to new drugs to improve health outcomes

Novel Oleanolic and Maslinic Acids derivatives as a promising treatment against bacterial biofilm in nosocomial infections: An in Vitro and in Vivo study.

Oleanolic acid (OA) and maslinic acid (MA) are pentacyclic triterpenic compounds that abound in industrial olive oil waste. These compounds have renowned antimicrobial properties and lack cytotoxicity in eukaryotic cells as well as resistance mechanisms in bacteria. Despite these advantages, their antimicrobial activity has only been tested in vitro, and derivatives improving this activity have not been reported. In this work, a set of 14 OA and MA C-28 amide derivatives have been synthesized. Two of these derivatives, MA-HDA and OA-HDA, increase the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the parent compounds while reducing their toxicity in most of the Gram-positive bacteria tested, including a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-MRSA. MA-HDA also shows an enhanced in vivo efficacy in a Galleria mellonella invertebrate animal model of infection. A preliminary attempt to elucidate their mechanism of action revealed that these compounds are able to penetrate and damage the bacterial cell membrane. More significantly, their capacity to reduce antibiofilm formation in catheters has also been demonstrated in two sets of conditions: a static and a more challenged continuous-flow S. aureus biofilm.This study was partially supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economiá , Industria y Competitividad, MINECO, and Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI, Spain, cofunded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER, European Union (BIO2015−63557-R, FIS2017−85954-R and RTI2018−098573-B-100)

Pd-catalyzed δ-C(sp3)−H thiolation of amino acid derivatives

Herein, we report a protocol for the selective δ-thiolation of aliphatic α-amino acids catalyzed by a Pd(II)/Ag(I) system. This reaction employs disulfides as thiolating agents and N-COPy as directing group, providing valuable non-proteinogenic amino acid derivatives in moderate to good diastereoselectivities and yields. Remarkably, the method is also suitable for the late-stage functionalization of a dipeptide. Experimental and DFT studies have provided significant insights into the mechanism and underlying factors controlling the selectivity of the process and determining the key role of the silver saltPGC2018-098660-B-I00, PID2021-124853NB-10

Evaluation of motivational stages and processes of change for weight management in obesity and after bariatric surgery

Poster abstrac

Assessing motivational stages and processes of change for weight management around bariatric surgery: a multicenter study

[Abstract] Introduction/purpose: The assessment of the patients' motivation as a predictor of behavioral change via five stages (pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance) and four processes (emotional re-evaluation, weight management actions, environmental restructuring, and weight consequences evaluation) of change. Materials/methods: A total of 542 participants (251 waiting for bariatric surgery (BS), 90 undergoing BS, and 201 controls) completed the Stages (S-Weight) and Processes (P-Weight) of Change in Overweight and Obese People questionnaires in a multicenter cross-sectional study. Results: A higher percentage of subjects seeking BS (31.7%) were in the action stage (16.7% of post-BS patients, p < 0.001; 14.9% of controls, p < 0.001). The referred body mass index (BMI) reduction was higher in subjects in active stages (3.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2 in maintenance versus 1.4 ± 1.4 kg/m2 in contemplation, p < 0.001). In the P-Weight questionnaire, patients looking for BS scored significant higher in the four processes of change than controls. In addition, a positive and significantly correlation between BMI and the four processes was observed. In the stepwise multivariate analysis, BMI and the S-Weight allocation were constantly associated with the four processes of change. Conclusion: Obesity is accompanied by a modifying behavioral stage, suggesting that subjects before BS are seriously thinking about overcoming excess weight. To identify subjects on the waiting list for BS who will be more receptive to weight lost interventions remains a challenge

Traditional and new strategies in the primary prevention of eating disorders: a comparative study in Spanish adolescents

Ignacio J&amp;aacute;uregui Lobera1, Pilar Le&amp;oacute;n Lozano2, Patricia Bola&amp;ntilde;os R&amp;iacute;os3, Juan Romero Candau2, Gregorio S&amp;aacute;nchez del Villar y Lebreros4, M Teresa Morales Mill&amp;aacute;n1,5, M Teresa Monta&amp;ntilde;a Gonz&amp;aacute;lez1,5, Lourdes Andr&amp;eacute;s Mart&amp;iacute;n2, Isabela Justo Villalobos2, Nuria Vargas S&amp;aacute;nchez21&amp;Aacute;rea de Nutrici&amp;oacute;n y Bromatolog&amp;iacute;a, Universidad Pablo de Olavide; 2Colegio Oficial de Farmac&amp;eacute;uticos; 3Instituto de Ciencias de la Conducta; 4Instituto de Ense&amp;ntilde;anza Secundaria &amp;ldquo;Murillo&amp;rdquo;; 5Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, SpainBackground: Research conducted to date into the primary prevention of eating disorders (ED) has mainly considered the provision of information regarding risk factors. Consequently, there is a need to develop new methods that go a step further, promoting a change in attitudes and behavior in the target population.Objective: This study describes an adaptation of the Girls&amp;rsquo; Group model to the Spanish context, the main objective being to compare two types of intervention, ie, one based on this model and the other following the traditional approach of providing information. The ultimate aim was to implement a prevention program that reduces the risk factors and boosts the protection factors that have been empirically shown to be related to ED.Methods: On the basis of previous research on the primary prevention of ED, and taking into account recognized risk and protective factors, the following topics were addressed: nutritional aspects; self-esteem; coping strategies; the ideal image of what is attractive and role of the media; and body image. The total sample (174 girls and 197 boys) was divided into 12 work groups, six for the intervention group (one school) and six for the control group (two schools). School-based input (intervention group) was provided by a pharmacist, a psychologist, a qualified nutritionist/dietician, and specialist support staff (psychologists and/or educators) and teachers of the three schools.Results: Participation in the intervention group reduced body dissatisfaction (F = 13.41; P &amp;lt; 0.01), the drive to thinness (F = 10.79; P &amp;lt; 0.01), and the influence of the media with respect to the esthetic body shape model (F = 13.90; P &amp;lt; 0.01), while self-esteem (F = 7.34; P &amp;lt; 0.01) and the use of coping strategies (F = 13.74; P &amp;lt; 0.01) both improved. There was also an improvement in the eating habits of participants, with better outcomes being achieved when intervening with females.Conclusions: The present study shows that in the primary prevention of eating disorders, better outcomes are achieved by new models which target the attitudes and behavior of adolescents rather than focusing solely on the provision of risk information to raise awareness.Keywords: coping strategies, adolescence, primary prevention, eating disorders, positive psycholog