Metaanálisis del uso de semillas y aceites en la dieta de ovejas y cabras

The objective of this work was to use meta‑analysis to study the productive results of ewe and goat fed oil and seed, rich in unsatured fat acid. Twenty‑two experiments with ewes (63 treatments) and 21 experiments with goats (76 treatments) were used. Average extra fat intake was 83.6±33.6 g per day in ewes, and 73.4±38.7 g per day in goats. In ewes, extra fat intake did not affect dry matter intake, but increased milk fat yield (from 91.4 to 98.8 g per day) and reduced milk protein content (from 5.41 to 5.24%). There were no differences in the sum of fat and protein contents. In goats, extra fat included in the diet reduced dry matter intake (from 2.13 to 2.08 kg per day), and increased milk fat percentage (from 4.11 to 4.43%) and the sum of fat and protein contents (from 7.41 to 7.76%). The yield responses to the intake of diets enriched with unsaturated fatty acids differ between ewes and goats. However, milk commercial value is not affected because of the absence of negative effects on the sum of fat and protein contents in both species.El objetivo de este trabajo fue utilizar el metaanálisis para estudiar los resultados productivos de ovejas y cabras de ordeño, alimentadas con aceites y semillas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados. Se utilizaron 22 experimentos con ovejas (63 tratamientos) y 21 con cabras (76 tratamientos). El consumo medio de grasa extra fue de 83,6±33,6 g por día en ovejas y 73,4±38,7 g por día en cabras. En ovejas, la grasa extra no afectó al consumo de materia seca, pero aumentó la producción de grasa (de 91,4 a 98,8 g por día) y redujo el contenido proteico (de 5,41 a 5,24%) de la leche. No hubo diferencias en el extracto quesero. En cabras, la inclusión de grasa en la dieta redujo el consumo de materia seca (de 2,13 a 2,08 kg por día) y aumentó el porcentaje de grasa láctea (de 4,11 a 4,43%) y el extracto quesero (de 7,41 a 7,76%). La respuesta productiva de ovejas y cabras al consumo de dietas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados es diferente. Sin embargo, el valor comercial de la leche no se ve afectado, debido a la ausencia de efectos negativos sobre el extracto quesero en ambas especies

Low impact of different SNP panels from two building-loci pipelines on RAD-Seq population genomic metrics: case study on five diverse aquatic species

Background: The irruption of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) in the last decade has led to the identification of thousands of molecular markers and their genotyping for refined genomic screening. This approach has been especially useful for non-model organisms with limited genomic resources. Many building-loci pipelines have been developed to obtain robust single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) genotyping datasets using a de novo RAD-seq approach, i.e. without reference genomes. Here, the performances of two building-loci pipelines, STACKS 2 and Meyer’s 2b-RAD v2.1 pipeline, were compared using a diverse set of aquatic species representing different genomic and/or population structure scenarios. Two bivalve species (Manila clam and common edible cockle) and three fish species (brown trout, silver catfish and small-spotted catshark) were studied. Four SNP panels were evaluated in each species to test both different building-loci pipelines and criteria for SNP selection. Furthermore, for Manila clam and brown trout, a reference genome approach was used as control. Results: Despite different outcomes were observed between pipelines and species with the diverse SNP calling and filtering steps tested, no remarkable differences were found on genetic diversity and differentiation within species with the SNP panels obtained with a de novo approach. The main differences were found in brown trout between the de novo and reference genome approaches. Genotyped vs missing data mismatches were the main genotyping difference detected between the two building-loci pipelines or between the de novo and reference genome comparisons. Conclusions: Tested building-loci pipelines for selection of SNP panels seem to have low influence on population genetics inference across the diverse case-study scenarios here studied. However, preliminary trials with different bioinformatic pipelines are suggested to evaluate their influence on population parameters according with the specific goals of each studyThe work undertaken in this project was funded by Xunta de Galicia Autonomous Government (GRC2014/010), Interreg Atlantic Area (Cockles project, EAPA_458/2016) and Girona University (MPCUdG2016/060) projects. Adrián Casanova was a Xunta de Galicia fellowship (ED481A-2017/091)S

A Clinical Decision Support System (KNOWBED) to Integrate Scientific Knowledge at the Bedside: Development and Evaluation Study

[Background] The evidence-based medicine (EBM) paradigm requires the development of health care professionals’ skills in the efficient search of evidence in the literature, and in the application of formal rules to evaluate this evidence. Incorporating this methodology into the decision-making routine of clinical practice will improve the patients’ health care, increase patient safety, and optimize resources use.[Objective] The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a new tool (KNOWBED system) as a clinical decision support system to support scientific knowledge, enabling health care professionals to quickly carry out decision-making processes based on EBM during their routine clinical practice.[Methods] Two components integrate the KNOWBED system: a web-based knowledge station and a mobile app. A use case (bronchiolitis pathology) was selected to validate the KNOWBED system in the context of the Paediatrics Unit of the Virgen Macarena University Hospital (Seville, Spain). The validation was covered in a 3-month pilot using 2 indicators: usability and efficacy.[Results] The KNOWBED system has been designed, developed, and validated to support clinical decision making in mobility based on standards that have been incorporated into the routine clinical practice of health care professionals. Using this tool, health care professionals can consult existing scientific knowledge at the bedside, and access recommendations of clinical protocols established based on EBM. During the pilot project, 15 health care professionals participated and accessed the system for a total of 59 times.[Conclusions] The KNOWBED system is a useful and innovative tool for health care professionals. The usability surveys filled in by the system users highlight that it is easy to access the knowledge base. This paper also sets out some improvements to be made in the future.This project has received funding from the Andalusian Ministry of Health from Spain (reference PIN-0213-2016), and FEDER funds.Peer reviewe

Realidad aumentada: laboratorios virtuales como tecnología emergente para el aprendizaje de los estados de agregación de la materia

This work is the result of a reflection about the benefits brought by emerging technologies, particularly augmented reality (ar), which is addressed as a didactic tool for teaching the water cycle in a group of 40 ninth-grade students from the Rafael Bernal Jiménez district school in Bogotá. During the implementation, the concepts related to the states of matter were studied from virtual laboratories (lv); the students were organized into groups according to the number of tablets (10) provided by the school to project the different models designed for the proper development of the topic proposed. The methodological design was carried out in the following stages: (1) documentary review on RA and lv; (2) didactic interventions in the classroom, delving deeper into the subject of the water cycle; (3) implementation of a virtual laboratory designed through the Unity platform version 5.4, consisting of four markers that projected the different states of water aggregation. Finally, the results obtained were analyzed, finding that students show great interest in the innovation of this technology, as well as a good understanding of the concepts presented.Este trabajo surge a partir de la reflexión acerca de los beneficios que traen las tecnologías emergentes, entre las que se destaca la realidad aumentada (ra), la cual se aborda como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza del ciclo de agua en un grupo de 40 estudiantes del grado 9.º del colegio distrital Rafael Bernal Jiménez de la ciudad de Bogotá. Durante la implementación se estudiaron los conceptos relacionados con los estados de agregación de la materia, desde los laboratorios virtuales (lv); los estudiantes se organizaron en grupos según el número de tabletas (10) que dispuso el colegio para proyectar los diferentes modelos diseñados para el desarrollo adecuado del tema propuesto. El diseño metodológico se llevó a cabo en las siguientes etapas: (1) revisión documental sobre ra y lv; (2) intervenciones didácticas en el aula profundizando el tema ciclo del agua; (3) implementación de un laboratorio virtual diseñado a través de la plataforma Unity versión 5.4, constituida por cuatro marcadores que proyectaban los diferentes estados de agregación del agua. Por último, se analizaron los resultados obtenidos, encontrando que los estudiantes muestran gran interés por la innovación que tiene esta tecnología, además de una buena comprensión de los conceptos expuestos

Epidemiología básica. Material docente para prácticas en ciencias de la salud

Material docente teórico práctico para apoyar la enseñanza de la epidemiología. Consta de 4 unidades, cada una de ellas con una introducción teórica y unos ejercicios basados en artículos publicados en inglés en revistas científicas

COVID-19 Severity and Survival over Time in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: A Population-Based Registry Study

Mortality rates for COVID-19 have declined over time in the general population, but data in patients with hematologic malignancies are contradictory. We identified independent prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity and survival in unvaccinated patients with hematologic malignancies, compared mortality rates over time and versus non-cancer inpatients, and investigated post COVID-19 condition. Data were analyzed from 1166 consecutive, eligible patients with hematologic malignancies from the population-based HEMATO-MADRID registry, Spain, with COVID-19 prior to vaccination roll-out, stratified into early (February–June 2020; n = 769 (66%)) and later (July 2020–February 2021; n = 397 (34%)) cohorts. Propensity-score matched non-cancer patients were identified from the SEMI-COVID registry. A lower proportion of patients were hospitalized in the later waves (54.2%) compared to the earlier (88.6%), OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.11–0.20. The proportion of hospitalized patients admitted to the ICU was higher in the later cohort (103/215, 47.9%) compared with the early cohort (170/681, 25.0%, 2.77; 2.01–3.82). The reduced 30-day mortality between early and later cohorts of non-cancer inpatients (29.6% vs. 12.6%, OR 0.34; 0.22–0.53) was not paralleled in inpatients with hematologic malignancies (32.3% vs. 34.8%, OR 1.12; 0.81–1.5). Among evaluable patients, 27.3% had post COVID-19 condition. These findings will help inform evidence-based preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 diagnosis.Depto. de MedicinaFac. de MedicinaTRUEFundación Madrileña de Hematología y HemoterapiaFundación Leucemia y LinfomaAsociación Madrileña de Hematología y Hemoterapiapu

Impact of Biological Agents on Postsurgical Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease : A Multicentre Study of Geteccu

Background: The impact of biologics on the risk of postoperative complications (PC) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still an ongoing debate. This lack of evidence is more relevant for ustekinumab and vedolizumab. Aims: To evaluate the impact of biologics on the risk of PC. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 37 centres. Patients treated with biologics within 12 weeks before surgery were considered "exposed". The impact of the exposure on the risk of 30-day PC and the risk of infections was assessed by logistic regression and propensity score-matched analysis. Results: A total of 1535 surgeries were performed on 1370 patients. Of them, 711 surgeries were conducted in the exposed cohort (584 anti-TNF, 58 vedolizumab and 69 ustekinumab). In the multivariate analysis, male gender (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-2.0), urgent surgery (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.2), laparotomy approach (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9) and severe anaemia (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6) had higher risk of PC, while academic hospitals had significantly lower risk. Exposure to biologics (either anti-TNF, vedolizumab or ustekinumab) did not increase the risk of PC (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.97-1.58), although it could be a risk factor for postoperative infections (OR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.03-2.27). Conclusions: Preoperative administration of biologics does not seem to be a risk factor for overall PC, although it may be so for postoperative infections

Contribución al desarrollo social a través de la extensión universitaria

La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (UTP), a través de la Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones Innovación y Extensión, busca promover la extensión universitaria como una estrategia que permite el intercambio, la aplicación y la integración del conocimiento científico, tecnológico, artístico y cultural; al igual que la vinculación con la realidad social, cultural, económica y productiva de la región y del país, al darle valor a las capacidades institucionales y al generar una articulación e integración entre la docencia y la investigación, la cual permita la identificación de problemáticas y la propuesta de alternativas de solución; además de las oportunidades en el sector externo para realizar intervenciones y alianzas que conduzcan a fortalecer y aportar al desarrollo económico, cultural y el bienestar de la comunidad en general. En este sentido, para el año 2018 se ofertó, a los miembros de la comunidad universitaria, la «Convocatoria interna para la financiación de proyectos de extensión social, cultural y artístico» cuya ejecución se realizaría en el año 2019 y cuyo objetivo era fomentar el desarrollo de proyectos de carácter social, cultural, artístico, los cuales permitieran la solución y transformación de problemáticas que involucraran o beneficiaran sectores de diferentes comunidades. En esta convocatoria fueron financiados catorce proyectos que involucran a diferentes estamentos de la sociedad civil en torno al planteamiento y a la discusión de problemáticas, conflictos y sus posibles soluciones, así como a la identificación de oportunidades de progresos tecnológicos, ambientales, educativos o de creación artística, los cuales involucren o beneficien sectores de diferentes comunidades