590 research outputs found
Multiple views of control flows as a tool to improve programmer's understanding of interactive software
International audienceMy work addresses the question of how to improve programming notations and environments used for developing interactive systems. I focus on representing the control flow in interactive programs in the hope that it will improve the programmer?s ability to understand how their programs work. My thesis is that offering programmers the ability to create and manipulate multiple ad-hoc views of the control flow is the right way to go, where current programming languages and environment each choose one particular view
A Monocentric City With Discrete Transit Stations
We extend the monocentric model by considering a discrete number of accessible mass transit stations. Households combine two modes for their daily home-to-work trip: a first mode for terminal access to stations and a second (long haul) mode which consists in radial mass transit axes. The urban equilibrium, i.e. city size and households' distribution, is derived as a function of the mass transit network and the distribution of land housing capacity. Then at the urban equilibrium the land rent is peaked at transit stations and decreases with the travel cost from the city center rather than with the distance to it. Accordingly, the housing lot size increases with the travel cost from the city center. These features distinguish our framework from previous monocentric models. Our analysis is based on the assumptions that land-owners are absent and city is open (the households' level of utility is given and the population size is endogenous). For numerical illustration, the model is calibrated to a selected rail network in the Paris area. A sensitivity analysis of the urban structure and land-use equilibrium is conducted with respect to the key model parameters.
The influence of psychological distance on the effects of music congruency in consumer behavior
Specific music genres (classical, country/rock) are known to have a premium pricing effect on consumerâs purchase decisions. The induction of a temporal psychological distance variable in a purchasing process alters music congruity semantic priming effects on consumer behavior, since more psychologically distant objects are said to reduce priming effects. In harmony with these concepts, a quantitative method shows how psychological distance influences background music affects through social identity, utilitarian, and ambiguous (displaying both attributes) products exposure on consumerâs overall pricing and hedonic perception; and if a contextual consumer conditioning can possibly force the perception framing of a product, when a background music is congruent with it.EspecĂficos gĂ©neros musicais (clĂĄssica, country/rock) sĂŁo conhecidos por terem um efeito de preço premium no que diz respeito Ă s decisĂ”es de compra dos consumidores. A indução de uma variĂĄvel de distancia psicolĂłgica temporal no processo de compra altera os priming effects da coerĂȘncia musical, uma vez que quanto maior a distancia psicolĂłgica dos objetos menor serĂŁo os priming effects. Quando ambos conceitos se encontram em harmonia, o estudo mostra como a distancia psicolĂłgica influencia o efeito que a mĂșsica de fundo tem na identidade social, no utilitarismo, e por fim, a ambiguidade (quando ambos atributos estĂŁo presentes) que a exibição do produto tem na disponibilidade para pagar e na experiĂȘncia hedĂłnica do consumidor. Este estudo tambĂ©m procura compreender se o condicionamento contextual do consumidor pode forçar a percepção de enquadramento do produto, quando a mĂșsica de fundo Ă© coerente com efeito de distancia psicolĂłgica
Dimerization of ion radicals in ionic liquids. An example of favourable "Coulombic" solvation.
International audienceThe irreversible dimerization of the acetophenone radical anion, chosen as an example of a carbon-carbon coupling reaction between two charged species, was investigated in a series of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium ionic liquids. Indeed, such ion dimerizations which display slow kinetics despite small activation energies, are controlled by a subtle competition between bond formation, Coulombic repulsion and solvation. The effects of viscosity, "polarity" and ionic solvation on the reactivity of the radical anions were examined. The dimerization rate constants were demonstrated to be only weakly affected by the high viscosity of the medium or its apparent polarity. When the acetophenone radical anion is "solvated" in imidazolium-based ionic liquids, a strong interaction between the negatively-charged intermediates and the imidazolium cation occurs. The ensuing charge stabilization allows a fast dimerization step in all the ionic liquids used. The kinetic effect is even enhanced in the 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts as compared to the 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium ones because the interaction between the radical anions and the 1,3-dialkylimidazolium cations are stronger, probably due to the formation of H-bond. The reactivity of the ion radical is demonstrated not only to be mainly dominated by electrostatic interactions, but also that the nature of the ionic liquid cations with respect to that of the ion radical is a major factor that affects the reaction kinetics
Combining system architecture modelling with dynamic process simulation for early stage fault and effect analysis
Ătude des architectures des microprocesseurs MIPS R10000, UltraSPARC et PentiumPro
Aujourd'hui, les microprocesseurs rapides sont utilisĂ©s dans de nombreux systĂšmes matĂ©riels : stations de travail, multiprocesseurs, systĂšmes temps rĂ©el. .. L'Ă©volution technologique est extrĂȘmement rapide dans de nombreux domaines tels que l'intĂ©gration sur les circuits intĂ©grĂ©s, la frĂ©quence de fonctionnement ou l' architecture des microprocesseurs. Nous Ă©tudions dans ce rapport les microprocesseurs MIPS~R10000, Sun UltraSPARC et Intel PentiumPro. Ces trois microprocesseurs sont disponibles depuis le dĂ©but 1996. Cette Ă©tude comparative, effectuĂ©e dans le cadre de l'activitĂ© de veille technologique du projet CAPS (Compilation, Architectures ParallĂšles, SystĂšmes), met en Ă©vidence les choix faits par les constructeurs de ces trois microprocesseurs et compare les diverses mises en oeuvre
Exploration et gestion des connaissances des ressources en IHM
National audienceNous présentons dans l' article le résultat d'un travail réalisé à l'école de Printemps 2010 de l'AFIHM. L'analyse des activités liées à la réalisation d' un état de l'art nous montre qu'une des tùches les plus compliquées est la familiarisation avec un nouveau domaine. Pour outiller cette activité, nous présentons des pistes de réflexion basées sur une analogie avec la mémoire humaine
Recurrent boosting effects of short inactivity delays on performance: an ERPs study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent studies investigating off-line processes of consolidation in motor learning have demonstrated a sudden, short-lived improvement in performance after 5â30 minutes of post-training inactivity. Here, we investigated further this behavioral boost in the context of the probabilistic serial reaction time task, a paradigm of implicit sequence learning. We looked both at the electrophysiological correlates of the boost effect and whether this phenomenon occurs at the initial training session only.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Reaction times consistently improved after a 30-minute break within two sessions spaced four days apart, revealing the reproducibility of the boost effect. Importantly, this improvement was unrelated to the acquisition of the sequential regularities in the material. At both sessions, event-related potentials (ERPs) analyses disclosed a boost-associated increased amplitude of a first negative component, and shorter latencies for a second positive component.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Behavioral and ERP data suggest increased processing fluency after short delays, which may support transitory improvements in attentional and/or motor performance and participate in the final setting up of the neural networks involved in the acquisition of novel skills.</p
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