344 research outputs found
GALAXY CRUISE: Spiral and ring classifications for 700K bright galaxies at z=0.01-0.3
This paper presents a morphology classification catalog of spiral and ring
features of 687,859 magnitude-limited galaxies at =0.01-0.3 (r<20 mag) based
on the Third Public Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic
Program. We employ two deep learning classifiers to determine the spiral and
ring structures separately based on GALAXY CRUISE Data Release 1, which is
dedicated to Hyper Suprime-Cam data. The number of spiral and ring galaxies
contain 385,449 and 33,993 sources, respectively, which constitute and
of the sample. A notable result of this study is the construction of a
large sample of ring galaxies utilizing high-quality imaging data delivered by
the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam. However, the accurate identification of ring
galaxies remains difficult at a limited seeing resolution. Additionally, we
confirm that most spiral galaxies are located on the star-forming main
sequence, whereas ring galaxies preferentially reside in the green valley at
stellar mass of 1E10.5-11 solar mass. Furthermore, decreasing fractions of
spiral and ring galaxies are observed toward the centers of the galaxy
clusters. The obtained morphology catalog is publicly available on the GALAXY
CRUISE website.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, 3 table
Impact of Rotation on Neutrino Emission and Relic Neutrino Background from Population III Stars
We study the effects of rotation on the neutrino emission from Population III
(Pop III) stars by performing a series of two-dimensional rotational collapse
simulations of Pop III stellar cores. Our results show that rotation enhances
the neutrino luminosities and the average energies of emitted neutrinos. This
is because the thermalized inner core, which is the dominant neutrino source
from Pop III stars, can be enlarged, due to rotational flattening, enough to
extend the inner core outside the neutrinospheres. This is in sharp contrast to
the case of spherical collapse, in which the case of inner core shrinks deeper
inside the neutrinospheres before black hole formation, which hinders the
efficient neutrino emission. In the case of rotational core-collapse, the
emitted neutrino energies are found to become larger in the vicinity near the
pole than the ones near the equatorial plane. These factors make the emergent
neutrino spectrum broader and harder than the spherical collapse case. By
computing the overall neutrino signals produced by the ensemble of individual
rotating Pop III stars, we find that the amplitudes of the relic neutrinos,
depending on their star formation rates, can dominate over the contributions
from ordinary core-collapse supernovae below a few MeV. A detection of this
signal could be an important tool to probe star formation history in the early
universe.Comment: 28 pages, 12figures; High resolution version can be found at
http://www-utap.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~suwa/paper/pop3neu.pd
Histopathology of cryptococcosis and other fungal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AbstractObjective: To gain insight into the histopathologic characteristics of fungal infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Methods: A review was conducted of the histopathology for 162 patients with evident fungal infection.Results: The microscopic appearance of esophageal candidiasis that was common in patients with single organ involvement revealed necrotic debris containing proliferating hyphae at the site of mucosal erosions without fungal invasion of underlying tissue. The incidence of oral and esophageal candidiasis was followed by that of pulmonary aspergillosis and Candida infection. Eighteen patients had generalized cryptococcosis, representing the commonest generalized fungal disease. The essential histologic features of the disease consisted of yeast cell proliferation with a histiocytic response, but only minor lymphocytic and neutrophilic components. This was different from the manifestations of both Candida and Aspergillus infections. The two histologic patterns recognized in the pulmonary cryptococcal lesions could be graded with respect to the degree and type of inflammatory reaction. The milder one consisted of small scattered foci of intra-alveolar cryptococcal proliferation with a histiocytic response. Another pattern involved massive cryptococcal infection, which might be simply more extensive than that in the former. Capillary involvement of alveolar septa was an important common finding in all 18 patients.Conclusions: The absence of T cells and decreasing function of antigen-presenting activity in histiocytes were confirmed by immunohistologic examination. These findings suggest that the lungs in AIDS patients provide little resistance to blood stream dissemination by cryptococci
Spontaneous Oxygenation of Siloxy-N-silylketenimines to α-Ketoamides
Siloxy-N-silylketenimines generated in situ from Osilyl cyanohydrins were converted to α-ketoamides by brief exposure to air or oxygen. Oxidation under extremely mild conditions can be explained by assuming the intermediacy of a 3-imino-1,2-dioxetane derivative generated via triplet−singlet intersystem crossing after the reaction of siloxy-N-silylketenimines with triplet oxygen.This research was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 25460015 (M.S.), a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research 15K14929 (K.T.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Hoan Sha Foundation (M.S.), the Takeda Science Foundation (M.S.), and the Naito Foundation Natural Science Scholarship (M.S.)
Utility of a Computed Tomography-Based Navigation System (O-Arm) for Partial Vertebrectomy for Lung Cancer Adjacent to the Thoracic Spine: Technical Case Report
We describe successful vertebrectomy from a posterior approach using a computed tomography (CT)-based navigation system (O-arm) in a 53-year-old man with adenocarcinoma of the posterior apex of the right lung with invasion of the adjacent rib, thoracic wall, and T2 and T3 vertebral bodies. En bloc partial vertebrectomy for lung cancer adjacent to the thoracic spine was planned using O-arm. First, laminectomy was performed from right T2 to T3, and pedicles and transverse processes of T2 to T3 were resected. O-arm was used to confirm the location of the cutting edge in the T2 to 3 right vertebral internal body, and osteotomy to the anterior cortex was performed with a chisel. Next, the patient was placed in a left decubitus position. The surgical specimen was extracted en bloc. This case shows that O-arm can be used reliably and easily in vertebrectomy from a posterior approach and can facilitate en bloc resection
Joint searches between gravitational-wave interferometers and high-energy neutrino telescopes: science reach and analysis strategies
Many of the astrophysical sources and violent phenomena observed in our
Universe are potential emitters of gravitational waves (GWs) and high-energy
neutrinos (HENs). A network of GW detectors such as LIGO and Virgo can
determine the direction/time of GW bursts while the IceCube and ANTARES
neutrino telescopes can also provide accurate directional information for HEN
events. Requiring the consistency between both, totally independent, detection
channels shall enable new searches for cosmic events arriving from potential
common sources, of which many extra-galactic objects.Comment: 4 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of the 2d Heidelberg Workshop:
"High-Energy Gamma-rays and Neutrinos from Extra-Galactic Sources",
Heidelberg (Germany), January 13-16, 200
Development and Initial On-orbit Performance of Multi-Functional Attitude Sensor using Image Recognition
This paper describes a multi-functional attitude sensor mounted on the “Innovative Satellite 1st” led by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency which was launched in January 2019. In order to achieve the high accuracy determination in low cost, we developed a novel attitude sensor utilizing real-time image recognition technology, named “Deep Learning Attitude Sensor (DLAS)”. DLAS has two type of attitude sensors: Star Tracker(STT) and Earth Camera (ECAM). For the low-cost development, we adopted commercial off-the-shelf cameras. DLAS uses real-time image recognition technology and a new attitude determination algorithm. In this paper, we present the missions, methods and system configuration of DLAS and initial results of on-orbit experiment that was conducted after the middle of February 2019, and it is confirmed that attitude determinations using ECAM and STT are performed correctly
Effects of Rotation on Stochasticity of Gravitational Waves in Nonlinear Phase of Core-Collapse Supernovae
By performing three-dimensional (3D) simulations that demonstrate the
neutrino-driven core-collapse supernovae aided by the standing accretion shock
instability (SASI), we study how the spiral modes of the SASI can have impacts
on the properties of the gravitational-wave (GW) emission. To see the effects
of rotation in the non-linear postbounce phase, we give a uniform rotation on
the flow advecting from the outer boundary of the iron core, whose specific
angular momentum is assumed to agree with recent stellar evolution models. We
compute fifteen 3D models in which the initial angular momentum as well as the
input neutrino luminosities from the protoneutron star are changed in a
systematic manner. By performing a ray-tracing analysis, we accurately estimate
the GW amplitudes generated by anisotropic neutrino emission. Our results show
that the gravitational waveforms from neutrinos in models that include rotation
exhibit a common feature otherwise they vary much more stochastically in the
absence of rotation. The breaking of the stochasticity stems from the excess of
the neutrino emission parallel to the spin axis. This is because the
compression of matter is more enhanced in the vicinity of the equatorial plane
due to the growth of the spiral SASI modes, leading to the formation of spiral
flows circulating around the spin axis with higher temperatures. We point out
that a recently proposed future space interferometers like Fabry-Perot type
DECIGO would permit detection of these signals for a Galactic supernova.Comment: 13 Figures, ApJ in pres
リュウシケイ オヨビ ソセイ オ セイギョ スル コト ニヨル ユビキタス ブッシツ ノ コウキノウカ : LaTiO2N ケイ サンチッカブツ ノ コウガク トクセイ ノ セイギョ
Some Perovskite-type LaTiO2+xN1-x with anion nonstoichiometry were prepared by heating
an oxide precursor under ammonia atmosphere and successively annealed under diluted
ammonia. Increasing O/N ratio enhances the optical bandgap of the oxynitrides. A series
of perovskite-type LaTiO2N materials with compositions a slightly deviated from the
stoichiometric metal composition was also prepared. Increasing Ti/La ratio in
La1-xTi1+xTiO2N results in deterioration of reflectivity in the longer wavelength region above
the absorption edge. A substitution of La by Sr was effective in the enhancement of
reflectivity there. Though the increase of O/N ratio in the LaTiO2+xN1-x series was found to
cause oxidation of titanium by means of XPS spectroscopy, the valence state of titanium did
not change in either the La1-xTi1+xO2N or the La1-xSrxTiO2N series. The increase in Ti/La
ratio in the La1-xTi1+xO2N brought the grain/particle growth, which seemed to result in the
deterioration of reflectivity
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