Using Microchemistry and Stable Isotopes to Determine Early-Life Environment and Movement of the Emerging Bigheaded Carp Population in Pools 16–19 of the Mississippi River

Bigheaded carp (bighead carp and silver carp) are invasive species in the US and have spread throughout most of the Mississippi River Basin. Population abundance upstream of Lock and Dam 19 (LD19) on the Upper Mississippi River has been limited by the high head dam at this location, which restricts all upstream passage to the lock chamber. To determine early-life environment of adults captured upstream LD19 (Pools 16–19), I measured otolith (lapillus) stable isotope composition and elemental microchemistry of 150 silver carp (80 females, 70 males) and 146 bighead carp (77 females, 70 males). Otolith isotope (δ18O) and elemental ratios (Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca) were compared to values of isotope and elemental ratios from putative early-life environment water sources to assign early life history for each fish. Early-life environment sources from upstream and downstream of LD19 were evident. Most adult bighead carp collected from Pools 16–19 (66.4%) and silver carp collected from Pools 17–19 (53.3%) had otolith core chemical signatures consistent with early-life environments downstream of LD19. Nearly 12% (n = 146) of bighead carp had otolith core signatures reflective of locations upstream of LD19 and 21.9% (32/146) of bighead carp could not be classified regarding origin in relation to LD19. Proportionally, 12% (n = 150) of silver carp had otolith core signatures reflective of origins upstream of LD19 and the origin of only 6.7% (n = 150) of silver carp in relation to LD19 could not be determined. Collectively, sex ratios of bigheaded carp with early-life environments downstream of LD19 did not differ, regardless of combing pools (bighead carp: χ2 = 0.975, P = 0.61; n = 97; silver carp: χ2 =3.616, P = 0.16, n = 80). Tracking early-life environments of fish upstream LD19 through time could be used to evaluate changes of abundance upstream of LD19, change in reproductive status in a low-density population, and monitor the effectiveness of ongoing and potential control efforts implemented at LD19

Biopsychosocial Factors during the Perinatal Period: Risks, Preventative Factors, and Implications for Healthcare Professionals

Women face risks to their wellbeing during the perinatal period of pregnancy. However, there is a dearth of information on perinatal risk factors within the biopsychosocial paradigm. Emphasis is often placed on biological components associated with pregnancy and women’s health. However, psychological and social determinants of health are integral during the perinatal period, and mental wellness is often a determinant for positive maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This article reviews risk factors of perinatal wellness (e.g., physical and nutritional concerns, trauma, discrimination, adverse childhood events) and highlights protective factors for women in their perinatal period. Healthcare professionals can support perinatal health by focusing on culturally and contextually appropriate research and prevention, providing equal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare information and services, providing quality education and training for helping professionals, and supporting policies for positive sexual and reproductive women’s healthcare

Current Trends in Food Allergy–Induced Anaphylaxis Management at School

Objective To review the evidence and current policies regarding the use of epinephrine at schools and child care centers. Data Sources and Study Selection A narrative review was performed based on the result of conference proceedings of a group of interprofessional stakeholders who attended the USAnaphylaxis Summit 2017 presented by Allergy & Asthma Network. Results Anaphylaxis is a well-recognized medical emergency that requires prompt treatment with intramuscular epinephrine. Anaphylaxis can be associated with poor quality of life. There is renewed recent focus on anaphylaxis management in schools. This interest has been spurred by an increase in the number of children with food allergy who are attending school, data that support up to 25% of first-time anaphylactic events occurring on school grounds, and a well-publicized fatality that helped to initiate a movement for stock, undesignated, non–student-specific epinephrine. Stock epinephrine is now available in 49 states, with an increasing number of states instituting mandatory reporting for use of such devices. Nursing efforts are paramount to support and implement stock epinephrine programs. Many states do not have clarity on delegation of authority for who can administer stock epinephrine, and there is evidence of variability in storage of stock devices. Few states have outcomes data that support successful implementation of stock epinephrine programs. Conclusions Additional data are needed to demonstrate successful implementations of stock epinephrine programs and their outcomes. Such programs should include support for school nursing and clearer delineation of authority for medication administration as well as standards for where and how devices are stored

Walking the Talk: Moving Indigenous Studies from the Classroom to the Community

A presentation by the students of Anthropology 4050: Canadian Status/Treaty Indian Reserve Communities. In this session students will showcase their final assignments from the course ANTH 4050. Throughout the course we have discussed the complexities of the history of the reserve system in Canada, the nuances of the Treaty process, the rigidity of the Indian Act, the traumas of residential schools, and lived implications of forced relocations on Indigenous communities. We have examined how colonial relations are spatialized and how this spacialization translates into lived social relations. This showcase represents our desire to share what we have learned and why it matters with our TRU community in the hopes of nurturing a space of understanding, compassion, and mutually respectful conversation. Students will be in attendance to discuss their work from 3:30 - 6:00p

Age-Related Decline in Anticipatory Motor Planning and Its Relation to Cognitive and Motor Skill Proficiency

Anticipatory motor planning abilities mature as children grow older, develop throughout childhood and are likely to be stable till the late sixties. In the seventh decade of life, motor planning performance dramatically declines, with anticipatory motor planning abilities falling to levels of those exhibited by children. At present, the processes enabling successful anticipatory motor planning in general, as do the cognitive processes mediating these age-related changes, remain elusive. Thus, the aim of the present study was (a) to identify cognitive and motor functions that are most affected by normal aging and (b) to elucidate key (cognitive and motor) factors that are critical for successful motor planning performance in young (n = 40, mean age = 23.1 ± 2.6 years) and older adults (n = 37, mean age = 73.5 ± 7.1 years). Results indicate that normal aging is associated with a marked decline in all aspects of cognitive and motor functioning tested. However, age-related declines were more apparent for fine motor dexterity, processing speed and cognitive flexibility. Furthermore, up to 64% of the variance in motor planning performance across age groups could be explained by the cognitive functions processing speed, response planning and cognitive flexibility. It can be postulated that anticipatory motor planning abilities are strongly influenced by cognitive control processes, which seem to be key mechanisms to compensate for age-related decline. These findings support the general therapeutic and preventive value of cognitive-motor training programs to reduce adverse effects associated with high age