Surface degradation of composite resins by acidic medicines and ph-cycling

This study evaluated the effects of acidic medicines (Dimetapp® and Claritin®), under pH-cycling conditions, on the surface degradation of four composite resins (microhybrid: TPH, Concept, Opallis and Nanofilled: Supreme). Thirty disc-shaped specimens (Ø = 5.0 mm / thickness = 2.0 mm) of each composite were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 10): a control and two experimental groups, according to the acidic medicines evaluated. The specimens were finished and polished with aluminum oxide discs, and the surface roughness was measured by using a profilometer. After the specimens were submitted to a pH-cycling regimen and immersion in acidic medicines for 12 days, the surface roughness was measured again. Two specimens for each material and group were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after pH-cycling. Data were analyzed by the Student's-t test, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test and paired t-test (α=0.05). Significant increase in roughness was found only for TPH in the control group and TPH and Supreme immersed in Claritin® (

Abordagem dos Aspectos da Saúde no Licenciamento Ambiental no Setor Mineiro Brasileiro

The mining activity generates several negative and positive impacts. Among the negatives impacts, it is find the reduced air quality, noise generation and increased population flow, which directly affect the health quality of the local population and the enterprise workers. Thus, the aim of this work was to perform an analysis of documents as Environmental Impact Study (EIS) and Terms of Reference (TR) regarding the approach of health aspects in mining activities licensed by the Brazilian federal environmental agency, proposing a methodology for its evaluation. The methodology consisted of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of health aspects according to the matrix already used in another study. It was proposed to insert weights for attributes analysis culminating in a scale of approach to health aspects: low, medium and high. Thus, limitations were found regarding the availability of studies and TRs in the environmental agency system. Regarding the EIS, most aspects of health had a medium approach, the diagnostic stage was highlighted as the most complete and the monitoring and accompaniment stage were detected as presenting the lowest approach. The greatest weaknesses was the identification of specialists responsible for the health approach, the lack of estimates of investments in the sector.A atividade de mineração gera vários impactos ambientais negativos e positivos. Entre os impactosnegativos, encontra-se a redução da qualidade do ar, geração de ruído e aumento do fluxopopulacional, que afetam diretamente a qualidade da saúde da população local e dos trabalhadores daempresa. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma análise de documentos como Estudo deImpacto Ambiental (EIS) e Termos de Referência (TR) sobre a abordagem de aspectos de saúde ematividades de mineração licenciadas pelo órgão ambiental federal brasileiro, propondo umametodologia para sua avaliação. A metodologia consistiu em uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos aspectos de saúde de acordo com a matriz já utilizada em outro estudo. Foi proposto inserir pesospara a análise de atributos, culminando em uma escala de abordagem aos aspectos de saúde: baixo,médio e alto. Assim, foram encontradas limitações quanto à disponibilidade de estudos e TRs nosistema de agência ambiental. Em relação ao EIA, a maioria dos aspectos da saúde teve umaabordagem média, a etapa diagnóstica foi destacada como a mais completa e a etapa demonitoramento e acompanhamento foi detectada como apresentando a abordagem mais baixa. Asmaiores fragilidades foram a identificação de especialistas responsáveis pela abordagem em saúde, afalta de estimativas de investimentos no setor

Entre o Risco da Morte e o Medo da Denúncia: mulheres indiciadas por abortamento a partir de denúncias de profissionais de saúde

Objetivamos nesse artigo analisar as argumentações sobre o uso ou o descarte das denúncias (notitia criminis) e provas obtidas, em inquérito policial, a partir da quebra de sigilo profissional em casos de mulheres indiciadas por prática de abortamento. O presente trabalho integra uma pesquisa mais ampla que teve como objetivo compreender como as situações de aborto são decididas nos tribunais de justiça de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, havendo ênfase na análise dos argumentos utilizados para sustentar a condenação ou a absolvição das acusadas. Realizamos a seleção e análise das sentenças e acórdãos proferidos em sede de recurso em sentido estrito, habeas corpus e apelação criminal nos litígios concernentes ao autoaborto, delito previsto no art. 124 do Código Penal vigente, em trâmite perante os Tribunais de Justiça dos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais. A análise desses materiais demonstra que a conduta que enseja a persecução penal contra as mulheres em situação do abortamento, em considerável número de casos, decorre da quebra de sigilo profissional ou ainda, da imposição da denúncia para a continuidade do atendimento de saúde. Diante desses casos, analisamos as argumentações utilizadas nos documentos jurídicos que validam ou descartam a denúncia produzida dessa forma. Nesse contexto, ante a evidente ineficácia da proibição do abortamento como forma de coibir sua prática, questiona-se os propósitos da criminalização do abortamento e as consequências para o exercício pleno dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres.

Influence of ClearT and ClearT2 Agitation Conditions in the Fluorescence Imaging of 3D Spheroids

3D tumor spheroids have arisen in the last years as potent tools for the in vitro screening of novel anticancer therapeutics. Nevertheless, to increase the reproducibility and predictability of the data originated from the spheroids it is still necessary to develop or optimize the techniques used for spheroids' physical and biomolecular characterization. Fluorescence microscopy, such as confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), is a tool commonly used by researchers to characterize spheroids structure and the antitumoral effect of novel therapeutics. However, its application in spheroids' analysis is hindered by the limited light penetration in thick samples. For this purpose, optical clearing solutions have been explored to increase the spheroids' transparency by reducing the light scattering. In this study, the influence of agitation conditions (i.e., static, horizontal agitation, and rotatory agitation) on the ClearT and ClearT2 methods' clearing efficacy and tumor spheroids' imaging by CLSM was characterized. The obtained results demonstrate that the ClearT method results in the improved imaging of the spheroids interior, whereas the ClearT2 resulted in an increased propidium iodide mean fluorescence intensity as well as a higher signal depth in the Z-axis. Additionally, for both methods, the best clearing results were obtained for the spheroids treated under the rotatory agitation. In general, this work provides new insights on the ClearT and ClearT2 clearing methodologies and their utilization for improving the reproducibility of the data obtained through the CLSM, such as the analysis of the cell death in response to therapeutics administration.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

THERMAL MODIFICATION OF EUCALYPTUS WOOD AND USE FOR FLOORS OF LOW TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENTS

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of thermal modification on surface hardness and depressions by applying loads to obtain floors for low traffic environments. Four clones were used from which logs were obtained and split into boards dried in time, and grouped for testing in their natural condition (NT) and thermally modified at 200 degrees Celsius for four hours (T) in a schedule with a heating of 1 degree per minute, on electric oven. Then in the samples from each clone were evaluated the mass loss, specific gravity, lignin and holocelluloses content, Janka hardness, fall ball impact depressions, distributed load depressions, and concentrated load depressions using track equipment which transfer a load of 890N to the woods at a speed of 0.06 ms-1. In the results verified high mass loss in the E. grandis x E. urophylla clone from controlled polination. The lignin contents showed increases and holocelluloses contents showed significant decreases after thermal modification. There was a reduction in Janka hardness in the woods with the exception of E. urophylla clone which presented lower depressions in the fall ball test after thermal modification. Verified increasing in depressions in the concentrated and distributed load tests, after thermal modification. And the E. urophylla clone presented lower depressions after 25 and 50 passes respectively, being the most recommended for obtaining floors for saunas, garden decks, swimming pools as it does not require high loading requirements

Phytochemical analysis species Phyllanthus niruri L. (break-stone)

As plantas medicinais possuem propriedades bioativas que ajudam no tratamento de doenças devido ao seu princípio ativo. Esta pesquisa buscou obtenção da análise fitoquímica da espécie Phyllanthus niruri L., conhecida popularmente como quebra-pedra e de uso medicinal popular em forma de chá para tratamento de cálculos renais, infecções intestinais e como anti-inflamatório. Após passar por processo de maceração, se obteve 0,422 g de extrato bruto, e a partir deste, realizou-se as análises dos principais metabólitos secundários. Após este procedimento foram identificados cinco constituintes químicos: esteroides e triterpenoides, alcaloides, depsídeos e depsidonas, açúcares redutores e antraquinonas. Relacionaram-se os mecanismos de ação obtidos na literatura dos metabólitos, com as atividades alegadas pela população da espécie em estudo. Assim, como a descoberta segundo a literatura da ação dos esteroides, como por exemplos, os heterosídeos cardioativos no tratamento de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva.Medicinal plants are all those that have bioactive properties which help in the treatment of diseases due to its active principle. This research sought to obtain the phytochemical analysis of the species Phyllanthus niruri L. popularly known as break-stone, being popular medicinal use in tea form to treat kidney stones, intestinal infections and used as anti-inflammatory. Where was obtained 0.422 g of crude extract after going through the maceration process. This, held the analysis of the main secondary metabolites the end of this process have been identified five of these chemical constituents: steroids and triterpenoids, alkaloids, depsides and depsidones, reducing sugars and anthraquinones. Related mechanisms of action from the literature of metabolites with the activities alleged by the population of this species. Thus, as the discovery according to the literature of action of steroids such as, for example, the cardioactive glycosides in the treatment of congestive heart failure

CHARACTERIZATION AND DYNAMICS OF SURFACE FUEL OF CERRADO GRASSLAND IN JALAPÃO REGION – TOCANTINS, BRAZIL

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of surface fuel during the dry season in areas with different periods without the occurrence of burn, in the grasslands phytophysiognomy of the Cerrado in the Jalapão region of Brazil. Fuel sampling was conducted in areas with different periods without burning over four months during the dry season (May, June, August, and September). A total of 128 samples, named as data samples, were established, from which eight subsamples designated as parcels of fuel sampling were collected. In each parcel of fuel sample, we evaluated variables related to non-destructive methods such as the height of grass vegetation (Htg), litter height (Htl), number of species (Nsp), and number of individuals (Nin), as well as variables related to the destructive method for obtaining the fuel load. The fuel was separated according to its physiological state and diameter (time-lag). The Htg variable was highest and was stabilized by the second year post-burning. Nsp showed a reduced number of areas after four years without burning and in the last month of the dry season. The behavior of the dead grass fuel (Dg) load in the samplings collected in the first two months of the dry season was the only variable that increased in the different years without burning. These results are important for management initiatives of Cerrado grassland fuels in the Jalapão region