22 research outputs found
How much do we really lose?âYield losses in the proximity of natural landscape elements in agricultural landscapes
Natural landscape elements (NLEs) in agricultural landscapes contribute to biodiversity and ecosystem services, but are also regarded as an obstacle for largeâscale agricultural production. However, the effects of NLEs on crop yield have rarely been measured. Here, we investigated how different bordering structures, such as agricultural roads, fieldâtoâfield borders, forests, hedgerows, and kettle holes, influence agricultural yields. We hypothesized that (a) yield values at field borders differ from midâfield yields and that (b) the extent of this change in yields depends on the bordering structure.
We measured winter wheat yields along transects with logâscaled distances from the border into the agricultural field within two intensively managed agricultural landscapes in Germany (2014 near Göttingen, and 2015â2017 in the Uckermark).
We observed a yield loss adjacent to every investigated bordering structure of 11%â38% in comparison with midâfield yields. However, depending on the bordering structure, this yield loss disappeared at different distances. While the proximity of kettle holes did not affect yields more than neighboring agricultural fields, woody landscape elements had strong effects on winter wheat yields. Notably, 95% of midâfield yields could already be reached at a distance of 11.3 m from a kettle hole and at a distance of 17.8 m from hedgerows as well as forest borders.
Our findings suggest that yield losses are especially relevant directly adjacent to woody landscape elements, but not adjacent to inâfield water bodies. This highlights the potential to simultaneously counteract yield losses close to the field border and enhance biodiversity by combining different NLEs in agricultural landscapes such as creating strips of extensive grassland vegetation between woody landscape elements and agricultural fields. In conclusion, our results can be used to quantify ecocompensations to find optimal solutions for the delivery of productive and regulative ecosystem services in heterogeneous agricultural landscapes
Kap. 3.3: Umweltbelastungen, Umweltressourcen und Gesundheit
Hornberg C, ClaĂen T, Brodner B. Kap. 3.3: Umweltbelastungen, Umweltressourcen und Gesundheit. In: Senatsverwaltung fĂŒr Stadtentwicklung und Umwelt & Amt fĂŒr Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg, ed. Umweltgerechtigkeit im Land Berlin â Arbeits- und Entscheidungsgrundlagen fĂŒr die sozialrĂ€umliche Umweltpolitik: Basisbericht 2016. Draft: 65-80
Assessing landscape preferences: a visual choice experiment in the agricultural region of MĂ€rkische Schweiz, Germany
Natural amenities and the aesthetic value of agricultural landscapes are important territorial assets for improving rural tourism and the quality of the living environment. To identify which characteristics shape the visual quality of a landscape, a stated-preference survey was conducted (NÂ =Â 200) using photorealistic landscape visualisations of four different landscape attributes (point green elements, linear green elements, crop diversity and presence of livestock). We estimated respondentsâ preferences for landscape attributes, examined the extent of agreement among respondents and identified socio-economic factors influencing their responses. Results revealed that point elements had the highest general preference. About 70% of respondents preferred diverse and highly structured landscapes, while about 30% of respondents had opposing preferences. Preferences were also found to be dependent on the individualâs sociocultural background, such as their level of education, gender or age. These results can help to improve the multi-objective targeting of policies by including an aesthetic value perspective