Food labels: An analysis of the consumers' reasons for non-use

     Food labeling is found to be a very important public health tool aimed at providing consumers with information which may influence their purchasing decisions. This study has aimed to assess the consumers' behaviors about the important information on the labels and their reasons for use or non-use. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted as point of purchase survey among 2123 shoppers in chain stores in Teharn, Iran, during 2008-2009. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire which contained 4 sections measuring respondents’ background, knowledge, perception, and behaviors about information on food labels. Results showed that 82.8 % of consumers look at food label information when purchasing food products. Younger adults (aged 20-40 years), female, married, employees and holders of a diploma and higher, individuals with higher level of knowledge, and those in the group categories of monthly income higher 6 million rials were significantly more likely to use food labels. Most of the respondents (29.3%) found small print on food labels to be the main reason for not reading food labels information, followed by no interest (26.3%), do not believe (12.6%), do not understand (7.1%). Our study suggests that increasing nutrition knowledge and understandable and legible food labeling can increase the likelihood of food label usage.  

Comparison of arrogance in Shahnameh and Bahmannameh based on the ancient story of Bahmannameh

One of the most important aspects of the struggle of warriors and warriors in epic works is the arrogance that is called by the comrades before the start of the hand-to-hand battle. It is accompanied by pride in ancestry, race, and ridicule. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is full of unique arrogance that has given its poet a special place with special and various skills, so that these styles have been welcomed and imitated by poets after Ferdowsi. In the meantime, Bahmannameh written by Iranshah Ibn Abi Al-Khair has a special place. In this work, the heroes have boasted in different ways before the battle. This study has selected the examples of boasting of the warriors in the two mentioned works and comparing them to examine their advantages and disadvantages in relation to each other

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Users of Intrauterine Devices

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a contraceptive method with subjects who use tubal ligation (TL). Materials and Methods: A cohort study was conducted on women who were candidates for IUD insertion or TL (control). The patients were followed for 3 months, and urine cultures were assessed for bacteriuria at the end of the study. Results: Overall, 131 women (mean age, 31.9 ± 4.25 years) in the IUD group and 78 (mean age, 32.1 ± 4.0 years) in the control group were studied. The parity score was 2 or more in 72% of the women in the IUD group and in 74% of the controls. The average intercourse frequency was twice per week in 82% of IUD users and 80% of controls. Fifty-seven percent of the women in the IUD group and 55% of the women in the control group had graduated secondary school (high school). Asymptomatic bacteriuria was detected in 13 IUD users (9.9%) and in 1 woman (1.3%) in the control group (risk ratio = 7.74, confidence interval: 1.03 to 58.03; P = .019). The detected microorganism in the urine culture was Escherichia coli in 12 IUD users and in 1 patient in control group. Klebsiella was found in 1 IUD user. Conclusion: Use of an IUD is a risk factor for urinary tract infection and should be considered, especially in women with recurrent urinary tract infections.</p

Effect of calcium alginate coating on shelf life of frozen lamb muscle

Considering the potential benefits of edible coatings and films for storage of food materials, effect of edible calcium alginate film on shelf life of frozen lamb muscles was studied in the present research. Microbial analyses including total microorganisms count and psychrophilic bacteria count and chemical analyses such as total volatile nitrogen (TVN) and moisture content determination were performed. Coated and uncoated samples had not statistically significant difference in total microbial count, total volatile nitrogen level and moisture content. However, there was statistically significant difference between the coated and uncoated samples in terms of psychrophilic bacteria count (p&lt;0.05). Considering the role of psychrophilic bacteria in meat spoilage, results of the current research confirmed that calcium alginate films may be to some extent effective in shelf life extension of frozen lamb muscle.

The Evaluation of Nursing Students’ General Health and Its Relationship with Their Grade Point Average.

Introduction: Developments of any society are driven by a trained staffs and identify the factors affecting academic performance improvement is a step towards success in the community. Students are also required dynamism and promote community and assessment of their general health status, is an essential element in the community health program. This study was designed aimed to determine the evaluation of nursing students’ qeneral health and its relationship with their grade point Average. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1391 with collaboration of Original Research Article Ayazi et al.; BJMMR, 16(4): 1-14, 2016; Article no.BJMMR.26214 2 127 nursing students in Shahrekord University of medical sciences, after earned a grade point average, completed personal information, and the standard general health questionnaire (GHQ- 28). Data were analyzed with used descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS software (version 19) at P≤ 0.05 significant levels. Results: Results showed that the general health of 28.6% of students were normal, 51.4% relative health and 20% unhealthy. In this regard, the general health of male students was better than female. The highest prevalence of disturbances was depression and then sleeps disorders, anxiety, physical and psychological, and social dysfunction. Factors such as marital status and employment status were significantly related to students' general health status. In this study there was a significant negative correlation between general health and the average score of students (P= 0.001). Senior students (forth-year), has the highest grade point Average and third-year students, with the best general health status. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that, students with high academic performance in comparison to other students had better genaral health. Therefore, it should be more concerned to plan the high quality education for promoting life skills and designing communication programs for increase the support activities of families and authorities for psychological assessment and promote their general health

The Effect of Cardio, Aerobic and Concurrent Rehabilitation on Hemodynamic and Biomechanical Indicators in Older Men With Coronary Artery Disease

Background and Aims Nowadays, due to technological advances and sedentary or inactive lifestyle, non-communicable diseases have caused many health problems such as cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to examine the effect of two methods of aerobic training and concurrent training for cardiac rehabilitation on selected hemodynamic and biomechanical factors in older men with coronary artery disease.Methods This is a quasi-experimental causal-comparative study using the pre-test/post-test design. Participants were 24 older men with coronary artery disease, randomly divided into three groups of aerobic training, concurrent  training, and control. They first underwent cardiac assessment using the echo Doppler device as well as sports performance test. Then, they were referred to the biomechanics laboratory of the Physical Medicine Center to start cardiac rehabilitation training. After 8 weeks of training, they underwent post-test assessments. The mean and standard deviation were used to describe the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of data distribution and the Levene’s test was used to determine the homogeneity of variances. The paired t-test was used to assess between-group differences and independent t-test was used for assessing differences between pretest and post-test scores of the groups. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results Significant improvement was reported in functional capacity, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and resting heart rate after both aerobic and concurrent training methods (P0.05). The improvements were more in the concurrent  training group.Conclusion Both cardiac rehabilitation methods (aerobic and concurrent  training) can improve functional capacity, LVEF, and resting heart rate of older mean with coronary artery disease, where concurrent  training is more effective

3-(4-Bromo­anilino)-3-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-1-phenyl­propan-1-one

The asymmetric C atom in the title compound, C21H17BrClNO, is in a slightly distorted tetra­hedral environment and the NH unit adopts a gauche orientation with respect to the CO group. In the crystal, pairs of inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form centrosymmetric dimers

Comparing the adverse outcomes of contraception failure between IUD and withdrawal methods

Background: Objective of current study was to compare the adverse outcomes of pregnancy after failure of IUD (Intrauterine device) with the withdrawal method of contraception in order to predict and prevent such outcomes.Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, the adverse outcomes of 224 pregnancies (2 groups, 112 women each) were assessed following failure of the IUD or withdrawal methods of contraception (coitus interruptus). Data were analyzed and P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Rates of spontaneous and induced abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and vaginal bleeding during second half of pregnancy were more common in the removed IUD group compared to the withdrawal method, differences however not significant. No fetal abnormality was observed in IUD group. Preterm birth (p= 0.045), preterm premature rupture of membrane (p= 0.01), and vaginal bleeding during pregnancy (p= 0.01), were more prevalent in the IUD group (retained and removed) compared to those using the withdrawal method.Conclusions: Considering the adverse outcomes, we knew women with pregnancy after failure of IUD were at an increased risk for such outcomes, compared to those using the withdrawal method; however the results of this research showed these adverse effects are not significant when pregnancy with IUD is detected earlier and IUD is removed during the early stage(s) of pregnancy