PERBEDAAN LAJU ALIRAN SALIVA TERSTIMULASI ANTARA PENGUNYAHANPARAFIN WAXDENGAN PERMEN KARET XYLITOL PADA PASIEN TERINDIKASI GERD DI RSUD DR. ZAINOEL ABIDIN BANDA ACEH

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) merupakan suatu keadaan berbaliknya (refluks) kandungan lambung ke esofagus melebihi jumlah normal dan menimbulkan berbagai keluhan. Penurunan laju aliran saliva dan penurunan sekresi bikarbonat pada saliva tidak dapat dihindari sehingga pada penderita GERD terdapat gejala ekstraesophageal di rongga mulut berupa halitosis dan erosi gigi. Pengunyahan parafin wax dan permen karet xylitol dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan laju saliva dan menetralisir asam pada penderita GERD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan laju aliran saliva antara pengunyahan parafin wax dengan permen karet xylitol pada pasien terindikasi GERD di RSUDZA Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan subjek sebanyak 17 orang. Data dianalisis dengan pengujian statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan laju aliran saliva pengunyahan parafin wax paling banyak dalam kategori rendah (52,9%), sedangkan laju aliran saliva pengunyahan permen karet xylitol paling banyak dalam kategori normal (76,5%). Data didapatkan P=0,001 (

Influence of Message Content in Persuasive Communication on Adoption of Routine Immunisation of Children Aged 0-5 years in Bomet County, Kenya

An estimated two to three million annual deaths from vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) are prevented through immunisation. Currently about 19.5 million infants miss out on routine immunisation globally. We carried out a study on the role of message content in persuasive communication on adoption of routine immunisation services. The study employed a mixed method research design. A sample of 384 caregivers was used. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaires and Key Informant Interviews. The key informants interviewed were taken with sub-county medical officer of health, health promotion officer and EPI coordinator. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the analysis. The study findings were that message content had positive influence on adoption of routine immunisation. The study recommended that routine immunisation messages be made frequently available, targeted and tailored to the caregivers. Secondly, the community should be involved in advocacy towards adoption of routine immunisation, to create ownership and adoption sustainability. Additionally, health workers should be motivated towards good practice in health worker-client communication, specifically, persuasive communication to build trust from the caregivers. The researcher recommends comparative studies should be conducted, comparing the well performing counties with Bomet County, Kenya.An estimated two to three million annual deaths from vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) are prevented through immunisation. Currently about 19.5 million infants miss out on routine immunisation globally. We carried out a study on the role of message content in persuasive communication on adoption of routine immunisation services. The study employed a mixed method research design. A sample of 384 caregivers was used. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaires and Key Informant Interviews. The key informants interviewed were taken with sub-county medical officer of health, health promotion officer and EPI coordinator. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the analysis. The study findings were that message content had positive influence on adoption of routine immunisation. The study recommended that routine immunisation messages be made frequently available, targeted and tailored to the caregivers. Secondly, the community should be involved in advocacy towards adoption of routine immunisation, to create ownership and adoption sustainability. Additionally, health workers should be motivated towards good practice in health worker-client communication, specifically, persuasive communication to build trust from the caregivers. The researcher recommends comparative studies should be conducted, comparing the well performing counties with Bomet County, Kenya

THE POTENTIAL OF LIMA BEAN FLOUR (Phaseolus lunatus) IN IMPROVING COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND GROWTH RECOVERY OF MALNUTRITION RATS

Malnutrition is a condition characterized by inadequate or excessive consumption of nutrients, resulting decrease cognitive abilities, metabolic disorders, learning disabilities, growth retardation, decreased immune system, and the risk of death. The percentage of malnutrition prevalence in Indonesia was still relatively high, around 21,6%. This research aims to investigate the potential of lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) in promoting growth recovery and improving cognitive function in malnourished rats. Four groups of male white rats were included in this study: The control group (P1), Malnutrition group (P2), Malnutrition + 25% Lima Bean group (P3), and Malnutrition + 50% Lima Bean group (P4). Morphometric analysis was used to assess growth recovery. Cognitive tests included Y-Maze, Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), and Water Maze by Morris (MWM) test, and histopathological examination of the brain sections was conducted on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus by hematoxylin and eosin stains. This study found that lima bean flour increased body weight, body length, tail length, and ear length in malnourished rats at 50% lima bean concentration, similar to the control group. Lima bean flour showed neuroprotective on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus by lowering the percentage of degenerated cells and increasing cognitive and behavioral

Harmonics mitigation on industrial loads using series and parallel resonant filters

Most industrial loads are inductive in nature and therefore absorb Volts Ampere Reactance (VARs) leading to lagging power factor. Some inductive loads also produce current and voltage signals with frequencies in integer multiples of the 50 or 60 Hz fundamental frequencies called harmonics. Harmonics in power system causes several problems ranging from overheating, premature equipment failure, false tripping of protective relays resulting in unnecessary down time in industrial production. This work compared the use of series and parallel resonant harmonic filters in suppressing harmonics using Simulink model of the power system of NICHEMTEX, a Textile industry in Nigeria as a case study. Mathematical analysis representing current harmonics distributions on industrials loads with and without capacitor banks were presented. From the analysis, series resonant filter mitigated the total harmonic distortion from 30.080% to 3.460%. The installation of capacitor bank along with the series resonant filter in the industrial facility, further reduced the total harmonic distortion to 0.001% and power factor compensated from 0.860 to 0.894.However, the use of parallel resonant filter mitigated the harmonic distortion to 8.107% and a reduction in the power factor from 0.860 to 0.840. With the parallel resonant filter connection with the capacitor bank, harmonic distortion was mitigated to 0.140%, and the power factor reduced to 0.553, the value which is very low. Hence, it is observed that for this sample case, the use of series resonant filter mitigated the harmonics distortion and maintained power factors within the acceptable IEEE standard values.Keywords: Industrial inductive loads, Harmonics, Harmonic distortions, Power factor correction, Series resonant filter, Parallel resonant filte

Antitumor from Several Plant Compounds Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line Hep3B: Mini Systematic Review

Liver cancer is a global health challenge, with more than one million cases expected by 2025. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and accounts for approximately 90% of cases. Nature provides a large source of natural medicines and compounds, one of which is plants. So, this article is made to contain information on the potential of several plants as antitumor agents. The method of preparing articles through literature review studies that collect articles from various sources such as ScienceDirect, google scholar, PubMed and others in the range of 2013 to 2023. There are ten plant bioactive compounds that have been tested in vitro on Hep3B cell lines to see their toxicity. These plant bioactive compounds play an important role in the proliferation phase, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis in liver cancer and have potential as antitumor

PERBEDAAN LAJU ALIRAN SALIVA TERSTIMULASI ANTARA PENGUNYAHAN PARAFIN WAX DENGAN PERMEN KARET XYLITOL PADA PASIEN TERINDIKASI GERD

Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition of irreversibility (reflux) of stomach contents into the esophagus exceeds the normal amount and causes a variety of complaints. Reduction in salivary flow and decreased secretion of bicarbonate in the saliva cannot be avoided so that the patient is symptomatic GERD in the oral cavity in the form of halitosis and tooth erosion. Paraffin wax and chewing xylitol gum can be an alternative to increase the rate of saliva and neutralize the acid in patients with GERD. This study aimsto observes salivary flow rate differences between paraffin wax and xylitol gum patient - indicated GERD at RSUDZA in Banda Aceh.Method: This research is an analytic study with cross sectional approach and a subject of 17 people. Data were analyzed by statistical tests using Wilcoxon test.The results of this study, the salivary flows by chewing paraffin wax at the low category (52.9%), whereas salivary flows by chewing xylitol gum is the normal category (76.5%).Result: The data obtained P = 0.001 (P <0.05) for the difference between chewing paraffin wax and chewing xylitol gum.Conclusion: The conclusion from this study is a significant difference between salivary flows chewing paraffin wax and chewing xylitol gum in patient-indicated GERD at RSUDZA in Banda Ace

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in a Patient Affected by Systemic Sclerosis

The currently recommended treatment for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is pegilated interferon α (IFN α) plus ribavirin. Despite the numerous benefits of this therapy, there is an increasing concern regarding his tolerance. Among the most common side effects, interferon may trigger the onset or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. When chronic hepatitis C coexists with an autoimmune disorder, it is not clear whether using interferon is better than avoiding it. We evaluated the disease state of a 55-year old female affected by sistemic sclerosis (SSc), during and after therapy with IFNα pegilated plus ribavirin for chronic HCV infection. We were worried about the potential worsening of the autoimmune disease during the therapy, but we were confident that we would give our patient a short course of peginterferon and ribavirin. A mild, asymptomatic worsening of lung SSc was observed during IFN administration, without life threatening symptoms. After 24 months follow up we observed the maintenance of the virological response and a good control of the rheumatological disease. Thus, in liver disease at high risk of progression and concomitant SSc, the antiviral therapy with IFNα is a feasible approach

NTRK gene fusions as novel targets of cancer therapy across multiple tumour types

The tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) receptor family comprises 3 transmembrane proteins referred to as Trk A, B and C (TrkA, TrkB and TrkC) receptors that are encoded by the NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 genes, respectively. These receptor tyrosine kinases are expressed in human neuronal tissue and play an essential role in the physiology of development and function of the nervous system through activation by neurotrophins. Gene fusions involving NTRK genes lead to transcription of chimeric Trk proteins with constitutively activated or overexpressed kinase function conferring oncogenic potential. These genetic abnormalities have recently emerged as targets for cancer therapy, because novel compounds have been developed that are selective inhibitors of the constitutively active rearranged proteins. Developments in this field are being aided by next generation sequencing methods as tools for unbiased gene fusions discovery. In this article, we review the role of NTRK gene fusions across several tumour histologies, and the promises and challenges of targeting such genetic alterations for cancer therapy

Liquid biopsy for rectal cancer: a systematic review

Background: The management of locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) is an evolving clinical field where the multidisciplinary approach can reach its best, and liquid biopsy for obtaining tumor-derived component such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) might provide complementary informations. Methods: A systematic review of studies available in literature of liquid biopsy in non-metastatic RC has been performed according to PRISMA criteria to assess the role of ctDNA as a diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarker in this setting. Results: Twenty-five publications have been retrieved, of which 8 full-text articles, 7 abstracts and 10 clinical trials. Results have been categorized into three groups: diagnostic, predictive and prognostic. Few but promising data are available about the use of liquid biopsy for early diagnosis of RC, with the main limitation of sensitivity due to low concentrations of ctDNA in this setting. In terms of prediction of response to chemoradiation, still inconclusive data are available about the utility of a pre-treatment liquid biopsy, whereas some studies report a positive correlation with a dynamic (pre/post-treatment) monitoring. The presence of minimal residual disease by ctDNA was consistently associated with worse prognosis across studies. Conclusions: The use of liquid biopsy for monitoring response to chemoradiation and assess the risk of disease recurrence are the most advanced potential applications for liquid biopsy in RC, with implications also in the context of non-operative management strategies