Assessing an online patient decision aid about upper extremity reconstructive surgery for cervical spinal cord injury: Pilot testing knowledge, decisional conflict, and acceptability

UNLABELLED: HIGHLIGHTS: People with cervical spinal cord injury prioritize gaining upper extremity function after injury, but few individuals receive information about treatment options.A newly created patient decision aid (PtDA) provides information about recovery after spinal cord injury and the role of traditional tendon and newer nerve transfer surgery to improve upper extremity upper extremity function.The PtDA improved knowledge and decreased decisional conflict in this pilot study.Future work should focus on studying dissemination and implementation of the ptDA into clinical practice

Point-of-care tissue oxygenation assessment with SnapshotNIR for alloplastic and autologous breast reconstruction

UNLABELLED: In breast reconstruction, mastectomy and free flaps are susceptible to vascular compromise and tissue necrosis. The SnapshotNIR device (Kent Imaging, Calgary, AB, Canada) utilizes near-infrared spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygen saturation (StO METHODS: Patients receiving immediate alloplastic reconstruction after mastectomy or autologous reconstruction were enrolled. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative images were taken of the flaps. StO RESULTS: Thirty-two breasts underwent alloplastic reconstruction; 38 breasts underwent autologous reconstruction. No enrollees developed skin necrosis. StO CONCLUSIONS: The SnapshotNIR device detected normal spatial and temporal differences in tissue oxygenation over the operative course of alloplastic and autologous breast reconstruction. A multi-institutional, prospective clinical trial is needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this device for detecting skin flap necrosis

The history and innovations of blood vessel anastomosis

Surgical technique and technology frequently coevolve. The brief history of blood vessel anastomosis is full of famous names. While the techniques pioneered by these surgeons have been well described, the technology that facilitated their advancements and their inventors deserve recognition. The mass production of laboratory microscopes in the mid-1800s allowed for an explosion of interest in tissue histology. This improved understanding of vascular physiology and thrombosis laid the groundwork for Carrel and Guthrie to report some of the first successful vascular anastomoses. In 1916, McLean discovered heparin. Twenty-four years later, Gordon Murray found that it could prevent thrombosis when performing end-to-end anastomosis. These discoveries paved the way for the first-in-human kidney transplantations. Otolaryngologists Nylen and Holmgren were the first to bring the laboratory microscope into the operating room, but Jacobson was the first to apply these techniques to microvascular anastomosis. His first successful attempt in 1960 and the subsequent development of microsurgical tools allowed for an explosion of interest in microsurgery, and several decades of innovation followed. Today, new advancements promise to make microvascular and vascular surgery faster, cheaper, and safer for patients. The future of surgery will always be inextricably tied to the creativity and vision of its innovators

Can we play our way to a more circular fashion world? : A quantitative study about the impact of gamification on consumer attitudes and intentions to use C2C apps

As new styles rapidly replace the old and garments are discarded, fast fashion and clothing consumption contribute to a serious and negative environmental impact. Previous research and fast fashion’s negative sustainability consequences all imply that a change is required. Peoples’ desire “to fit in” and the resulting clothing consumption has to find its solution, and second hand consumption is suggested as a viable answer. But, to buy pre-loved garments has been considered inconvenient, time-demanding and unappealing. These attitudes towards a more sustainable consumption behavior therefore becomes a barrier to a circular fashion economy. Consequently, companies are trying to develop and offer new services that could improve the situation. One of these marketplaces are Consumer to Consumer (C2C) apps, which connect sellers and buyers of second hand items through their user accounts, meaning that the company behind the service is not involved in the transaction other than as the supplier of the software.       Previous research suggests that people's intentions towards pursuing a desired consumer behavior is positively encouraged by gamification elements. Despite this, C2C apps on the Swedish market do not use these features to promote second hand consumption. Within gamification, there are a myriad of elements and tools to choose from, where three of the most commonly used gamification elements to improve attitudes are points, badges and leaderboards, also known as the PBL triad. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) states that attitude towards the behavior, together with subjective norm and perceived behavior control are the components that affect an intention to engage in a behavior, which predicts whether individuals will actually perform the behavior. Based on these considerations, this thesis identified a research gap in how gamification can affect Swedish consumers’ attitude towards using C2C apps gamified with points, badges and leaderboards. We examine how this attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, influence their intentions to use these apps. This formulates the studies research questions “ How are Swedish consumers’ attitudes towards using a C2C app affected by the gamification elements points, badges and leaderboards? and How are Swedish consumers’ intentions to use a gamified app to make wardrobe updates affected by their attitudes towards it, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control?”  To examine this issue we developed a survey to collect information about Swedish consumers’ attitudes and potential behavioral intentions to use a gamified C2C app.  The data analysis proves that all three elements in the PBL triad are able to positively affect consumer attitudes. Also, the behavioral predictions stated by the TPB were supported by all three components; consumers' expectations regarding subjective norms and behavioral control, with attitude towards the behavior being the strongest predictor

Sjuksköterskans bemötande av patienter med HIV : en litteraturöversikt ur ett globalt perspektiv över faktorer som påverkat bemötandet.

Bakgrund Hiv är en ständigt växande virusinfektion världen över. Människor som lever med hiv möter stigmatisering både i det dagliga livet och i vården. Sjuksköterskeprofessionen innebär att behandla alla lika oavsett bakgrund och tillstånd, något som inte följs i vården av patienter med hiv. Syfte Att identifiera faktorer som kan påverka sjuksköterskans bemötande av patienter med humant immunbristvirus ur ett globalt perspektiv. Metod Metoden litteraturöversikt valdes för att sammanställa befintlig forskning. Tolv artiklar från databaserna PubMed, Cinahl Complete, Academic Search Elite, Medline och PsycInfo samt tre artiklar från websökmotorn Google Scholar inkluderades i studien. Både sjuksköterskors och patienters perspektiv har återfunnits i artiklarna. Manifest innehållsanalys har använts i dataanalysen av artiklarna. Resultat Två primära faktorer; bristande kunskap samt otillräckliga resurser identifierades i studien. Dessa utgjorde huvudfynden i studien. Fyra underliggande faktorer under bristande kunskap; sjuksköterskans kunskap och erfarenheter, patienters tidigare upplevelser av sjuksköterskans bemötande i vården, samhällets normer och stereotyper och smittskyddande material samt två subkategorier under otillräckliga resurser; utbildning och smittskyddande material kunde identifieras. Slutsats Kunskapen om hiv behöver öka i hela världen. Interventioner för att göra detta bland sjuksköterskor och allmänheten samt öka tillgången till resurser i smittskyddande material och utbildning är av stor vikt och en bidragande faktor för att förbättra sjuksköterskans bemötande av patienter med hiv

Mental illness and treatment : - A Qualitative Study about Young People's Experiences of the Treatment Recieved atUngdomsmottagningen

Psykisk ohälsa är ett växande problem bland ungdomar i Sverige. Ungdomsmottagningar ären av de instanser som ungdomar kan vända sig till för att få hjälp och stöd gällande blandannat psykisk ohälsa. Bemötande i sig har en stor påverkan på den hjälpsökande och kan varaavgörande för huruvida denne är benägen att söka hjälp senare i livet. Forskning visar attunga personer som har erfarenheter av negativt bemötande av att söka hjälp tar med sig denerfarenheten genom livet det och kan leda till att den unge inte söker hjälp igen. Studiensempiri har sin grund i sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med ungdomar som tidigare sökt hjälpför psykisk ohälsa på Ungdomsmottagningen. Det empiriska materialet visade att det fannsdelade erfarenheter gällande bemötandet på Ungdomsmottagningen. Av de respondenter somupplevde kontakten som positiv har många uppgett att personalen var lyhörd, tog derasproblematik på allvar och kunde individanpassa stödet. De var också mer benägna att sökahjälp senare i livet jämfört med de respondenter som upplevt kontakten som negativ.Respondenterna som upplevde kontakten som negativ berättade att de kände ett behov av attöverdriva sina symtom, att de inte togs på allvar och att de saknade inflytande i stödet somerbjöds. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av begreppen stigma, kommunikationsteori ochmakt.Mental illness is a growing problem amongst adolescents in Sweden. Ungdomsmottagningenis one of the instances that young people can turn to in order to receive help and support with,amongst other things, their mental health concerns. The interaction with staff has a big impacton whether or not they are willing to seek help later in life. Research shows that adolescentswith negative experiences of the interaction with professionals are especially vulnerable tonot seeking help again later in life. This study is based on six semi-structured interviews withadolescents who have received help and support via Ungdomsmottagningen. The empiricaldata shows that there are different experiences about the treatment received atUngdomsmottagningen. The participants who described the interaction as positive, alsodescribed the staff as being perceptive, and that they acknowledged the youths problems anddescriptions. These participants were also more prone to seek support later compared tothose who had a bad experience. Among the interviewed who had a bad experience with thestaff interaction mentioned that they felt a need to exaggerate their symptoms, that they werenot taken seriously and had a lack of influence in the care they received. The results wereanalyzed using theories such as stigma, communication theory and power

Mental illness and treatment : - A Qualitative Study about Young People's Experiences of the Treatment Recieved atUngdomsmottagningen

Psykisk ohälsa är ett växande problem bland ungdomar i Sverige. Ungdomsmottagningar ären av de instanser som ungdomar kan vända sig till för att få hjälp och stöd gällande blandannat psykisk ohälsa. Bemötande i sig har en stor påverkan på den hjälpsökande och kan varaavgörande för huruvida denne är benägen att söka hjälp senare i livet. Forskning visar attunga personer som har erfarenheter av negativt bemötande av att söka hjälp tar med sig denerfarenheten genom livet det och kan leda till att den unge inte söker hjälp igen. Studiensempiri har sin grund i sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med ungdomar som tidigare sökt hjälpför psykisk ohälsa på Ungdomsmottagningen. Det empiriska materialet visade att det fannsdelade erfarenheter gällande bemötandet på Ungdomsmottagningen. Av de respondenter somupplevde kontakten som positiv har många uppgett att personalen var lyhörd, tog derasproblematik på allvar och kunde individanpassa stödet. De var också mer benägna att sökahjälp senare i livet jämfört med de respondenter som upplevt kontakten som negativ.Respondenterna som upplevde kontakten som negativ berättade att de kände ett behov av attöverdriva sina symtom, att de inte togs på allvar och att de saknade inflytande i stödet somerbjöds. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av begreppen stigma, kommunikationsteori ochmakt.Mental illness is a growing problem amongst adolescents in Sweden. Ungdomsmottagningenis one of the instances that young people can turn to in order to receive help and support with,amongst other things, their mental health concerns. The interaction with staff has a big impacton whether or not they are willing to seek help later in life. Research shows that adolescentswith negative experiences of the interaction with professionals are especially vulnerable tonot seeking help again later in life. This study is based on six semi-structured interviews withadolescents who have received help and support via Ungdomsmottagningen. The empiricaldata shows that there are different experiences about the treatment received atUngdomsmottagningen. The participants who described the interaction as positive, alsodescribed the staff as being perceptive, and that they acknowledged the youths problems anddescriptions. These participants were also more prone to seek support later compared tothose who had a bad experience. Among the interviewed who had a bad experience with thestaff interaction mentioned that they felt a need to exaggerate their symptoms, that they werenot taken seriously and had a lack of influence in the care they received. The results wereanalyzed using theories such as stigma, communication theory and power

Can we play our way to a more circular fashion world? : A quantitative study about the impact of gamification on consumer attitudes and intentions to use C2C apps

As new styles rapidly replace the old and garments are discarded, fast fashion and clothing consumption contribute to a serious and negative environmental impact. Previous research and fast fashion’s negative sustainability consequences all imply that a change is required. Peoples’ desire “to fit in” and the resulting clothing consumption has to find its solution, and second hand consumption is suggested as a viable answer. But, to buy pre-loved garments has been considered inconvenient, time-demanding and unappealing. These attitudes towards a more sustainable consumption behavior therefore becomes a barrier to a circular fashion economy. Consequently, companies are trying to develop and offer new services that could improve the situation. One of these marketplaces are Consumer to Consumer (C2C) apps, which connect sellers and buyers of second hand items through their user accounts, meaning that the company behind the service is not involved in the transaction other than as the supplier of the software.       Previous research suggests that people's intentions towards pursuing a desired consumer behavior is positively encouraged by gamification elements. Despite this, C2C apps on the Swedish market do not use these features to promote second hand consumption. Within gamification, there are a myriad of elements and tools to choose from, where three of the most commonly used gamification elements to improve attitudes are points, badges and leaderboards, also known as the PBL triad. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) states that attitude towards the behavior, together with subjective norm and perceived behavior control are the components that affect an intention to engage in a behavior, which predicts whether individuals will actually perform the behavior. Based on these considerations, this thesis identified a research gap in how gamification can affect Swedish consumers’ attitude towards using C2C apps gamified with points, badges and leaderboards. We examine how this attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, influence their intentions to use these apps. This formulates the studies research questions “ How are Swedish consumers’ attitudes towards using a C2C app affected by the gamification elements points, badges and leaderboards? and How are Swedish consumers’ intentions to use a gamified app to make wardrobe updates affected by their attitudes towards it, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control?”  To examine this issue we developed a survey to collect information about Swedish consumers’ attitudes and potential behavioral intentions to use a gamified C2C app.  The data analysis proves that all three elements in the PBL triad are able to positively affect consumer attitudes. Also, the behavioral predictions stated by the TPB were supported by all three components; consumers' expectations regarding subjective norms and behavioral control, with attitude towards the behavior being the strongest predictor

The right possibilities to ensure attendance : A qualitative study of school counselors’ experiences of working with truant students in junior high school

Denna studie syftade till att undersöka skolkuratorers erfarenheter av arbetet med hemmasittande högstadieungdomar, där fokus låg på deras beskrivning av målgruppen, deras nuvarande arbete med målgruppen samt hur de upplevde att arbetet fungerar. Den insamlade data analyserades mot systemteori. Datainsamlingen gjordes genom sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med skolkuratorer och analyserades sedan i en tematisk analys. Resultatet visade att hemmasittande ungdomar är en grupp som är väldigt spridd vad gäller både definition och orsaksbild. Dagens arbete med hemmasittare genomfördes på flera nivåer och handlade främst om anpassningar. Det nuvarande arbetet visade på positiva effekter, men det fanns områden som hade utvecklingspotential. Dessa områden handlade främst om att skolans psykosociala miljö behövde förbättras, samtidigt som man behövde bemöta eleverna tidigare och mer omfattande