On an elliptic Kirchhoff-type problem depending on two parameters

In this paper, we consider the Dirichlet problem associated to an elliptic Kirchhoff-type equation depending on two parameters. Under rather general and natural assumptions, we prove that, for certain values of the parameters, the problem has at least three solutions

Men's Health: A Population-based Study On Social Inequalities [a Saúde Dos Homens: Desigualdades Sociais Em Estudo De Base Populacional]

This study evaluates social inequalities in health according to level of schooling in the male population. This was a cross-sectional, populationbased study with a sample of 449 men ranging from 20 to 59 years of age and living in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The chi-square test was used to verify associations, and a Poisson regression model was used to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. Men with less schooling showed higher rates of alcohol consumption and dependence, smoking, sedentary lifestyle during leisure time, and less healthy eating habits, in addition to higher prevalence of bad or very bad self-rated health, at least one chronic disease, hypertension, and other health problems. No differences were detected between the two schooling strata in terms of use of health services, except for dental services. The findings point to social inequality in health-related behaviors and in some health status indicators. However, possible equity was observed in the use of nearly all types of health services.281121332142Braz, M., A construção da subjetividade masculina e seu impacto sobre a saúde do homem: Reflexão bioética sobre justiça distributiva (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 97-104Laurenti, R., Jorge, M.H.P.M., Goltlieb, S.L.D., Perfil epidemiológico da morbi-mortalidade masculina (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 35-46(2007) Mortalidade em Campinas: Informe do projeto de monitorização dos óbitos no município de Campinas, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/bo42.pdf, (Boletim no. 42, julho a dezembro de, Mortalidade e Gênero). (accessed on 10/Jun/2011). Secretaria Municipal de SaúdeSala, A., Mendes, J.D.V., Perfil da mortalidade masculina no Estado de São Paulo (2010) Boletim Epidemiológico Paulista, 7, pp. 15-25Aspectos demográficos (2010) Síntese de indicadores sociais: Uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira, pp. 27-44. , In: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, organizador. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística;. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaVerbrugge, L.M., Wingard, D.L., Sex differentials in health and mortality (1987) Women Health, 12, pp. 103-145(2009) Portaria no1944, de 27 de agosto de 2009, , Institui no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem. Diário Oficial da União28 ago. Ministério da SaúdeCourtenay, W.H., Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: A theory of gender and health (2000) Soc Sci Med, 50, pp. 1385-1401Gomes, R., Nascimento, E.F., A produção do conhecimento da saúde pública sobre a relação homemsaúde: Uma revisão bibliográfica (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 901-911Louvison, M.C.P., Lebrão, M.L., Duarte, Y.A.O., Laurenti, R., Desigualdades nas condições de saúde e no uso de serviços de saúde entre as pessoas idosas do município de São Paulo: Uma análise de gênero e renda (2008) Saúde Coletiva, 5, pp. 189-194Muntaner, C., Borrell, C., Benach, J., Pasarín, M.I., Fernandez, E., The associations of social class and social stratification with patterns of general and mental health in a Spanish population (2003) Int J Epidemiol, 32, pp. 950-958Arber, S., Comparing inequalities in women's and men's health: Britain in the 1990's (1997) Soc Sci Med, 44, pp. 773-787Alves, M.C.G.P., ISA-Campinas 2008/09: Plano de amostragem, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/plano_de_amostragem.pdf, (accessed on 29/Mar/2012)Barbor, T.E., la Fuente, J.R., Saunders, J., Grant, M., (1992) AUDIT-the alcohol use disorders identification test: Guidelines for use in primary health care, , Geneva: World Health Organization(2000) Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic, , Geneva: World Health Organization;. (WHO Technical Report Series, 894) World Health OrganizationMari, J.J., Williams, P., A validity study of a psychiatric screening questionnaire (SRQ-20) in primary care in the city of Sao Paulo (1986) Br J Psychiatry, 148, pp. 23-26Barros, M.B.A., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Dalgalarrondo, P., Botega, N.J., Perfil do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas: Diferenças sociais e demográficas no Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2003 (2008) Epidemiol Serv Saúde, 17, pp. 259-270Lima-Costa, M.F., A escolaridade afeta, igualmente, comportamentos prejudiciais à saúde de idosos e adultos mais jovens? Inquérito de Saúde da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil (2004) Epidemiol Serv Saúde, 13, pp. 201-208Malyutina, S., Bobak, M., Kurilovitch, D., Nikitin, Y., Marmot, M., Trends in alcohol intake by education and marital status in urban population in Russia between the mid 1980s and the mid 1990s (2004) Alcohol Alcohol, 39, pp. 64-69Barros, M.B.A., Botega, N.J., Dalgalarrondo, P., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Prevalence of alcohol abuse and associated factors in a population-based study (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41, pp. 502-509Guimarães, V.V., Florindo, A.A., Stopa, S.R., César, C.L.G., Barros, M.B.A., Carandina, L., Consumo abusivo e dependência de álcool em população adulta no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 314-325Mendoza-Sassi, R.A., Beria, J.U., Prevalence of alcohol use disorders and associated factors: A populationbased study using AUDIT in southern Brazil (2003) Addiction, 98, pp. 799-804Barros, M.B.A., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Lima, M.G., César, C.L.G., Social inequalities in health among the elderly (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, 27 (SUPPL 2), pp. S198-S208Silva, G.A., Valente, J.G., Almeida, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Tabagismo e escolaridade no Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 48-56Federico, B., Costa, G., Kunst, A.E., Educational inequalities in initiation, cessation, and prevalence of smoking among 3 Italian birth cohorts (2007) Am J Public Health, 97, pp. 838-845Malta, D.C., Moura, E.C., Silva, S.A., Oliveira, P.P.V., Silva, V.L.C., Prevalência do tabagismo em adultos residentes nas capitais dos estados e no Distrito Federal, Brasil, 2008 (2010) J Bras Pneumol, 36, pp. 75-83Moura, E.C., Silva, S.A., Malta, D.C., Morais Neto, O.L., Fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas: Vigilância por meio de inquérito telefônico, VIGITEL, Brasil, 2007 (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, 27, pp. 486-496Zanchetta, L.M., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Alves, M.C.G.P., Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 387-399Jaime, P.C., Monteiro, C.A., Fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults, 2003 (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21 (SUPPL), pp. S19-S24Figueiredo, I.C.R., Jaime, P.C., Monteiro, C.A., Factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake among adults of the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil (2008) Rev Saúde Pública, 42, pp. 777-785Dachs, J.N.W., Determinantes das desigualdades na auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 641-657Barros, M.B.A., Zanchetta, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Auto-avaliação da saúde e fatores associados, Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 27-37Peres, M.A., Masiero, A.V., Longo, G.Z., Rocha, G.C., Matos, I.B., Najnie, K., Auto-avaliação da saúde em adultos no Sul do Brasil (2010) Rev Saúde Pública, 44, pp. 901-911Barros, M.B.A., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Zanchetta, L.M., César, C.L.G., Tendência das desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD: 2003-2008 (2011) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 16, pp. 3755-3768Barreto, S.M., Figueiredo, R.C., Doença crônica, auto-avaliação de saúde e comportamento de risco: Diferença de gênero (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 38-47Macintyre, S., Der, G., Norrie, J., Are there socioeconomic differences in responses to a commonly used self report measure of chronic illness? (2005) Int J Epidemiol, 34, pp. 1284-1290Westert, G.P., Schellevis, F.G., de Bakker, D.H., Groenewegen, P.P., Bensing, J.M., van der Zee, J., Monitoring health inequalities through general practice: The second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (2005) Eur J Public Health, 15, pp. 59-65Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S., Giatti, L., A situação socioeconômica afeta igualmente a saúde de idosos e adultos mais jovens no Brasil? Um estudo utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios-PNAD/98 (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 813-824Grebla, R.C., Rodriguez, C.J., Borrell, L.N., Pickering, T.G., Prevalence and determinants of isolated systolic hypertension among young adults: The 1999-2004 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010) J Hypertens, 28, pp. 15-23Delpierre, C., Lauwers-Cances, V., Datta, G.D., Berkman, L., Lang, T., Impact of social position on the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on self-rated health (2009) Am J Public Health, 99, pp. 1278-1284Rabiais, S., Nogueira, P.J., Falcão, J.M., (2002) A dor na população portuguesa: Alguns aspectos epidemiológicos, , http://www.doentescomcancro.org/uhdc/pdfs/EstudoDorPopulacaoPortuguesa.pdf, (accessed on 18/Sep/2011)Silva, M.C., Fassa, A.G., Valle, N.C.J., Dor lombar crônica em uma população adulta do Sul do Brasil: Prevalência e fatores associados (2004) Cad Saúde Pública, 20, pp. 377-385Vogt, M., (2000) Prevalência e severidade da dor, cervical e lombar, nos servidores técnico-administrativos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, , Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaCastro, S.S., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Barros, M.B.A., Alves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Deficiência visual, auditiva e física: Prevalência e fatores associados em estudo de base populacional (2008) Cad Saúde Pública, 24, pp. 1773-1782Rysculova, A., Turczyn, K., Makuc, D.M., Cotch, M.F., Klein, R.J., Janiszewski, R., Self-reported age-related eye diseases and visual impairment in the United States: Results of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (2008) Am J Public Health, 98, pp. 454-461Hung, H.C., Colditz, G., Joshipura, K.J., The association between tooth loss and the self-reported intake of selected CVD-related nutrients and foods among US women (2005) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 33, pp. 167-173Araújo, C.S., Lima, R.C., Peres, M.A., Barros, A.J.D., Utilização de serviços odontológicos e fatores associados: Um estudo de base populacional no Sul do Brasil (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25, pp. 1063-1072Baldani, M.H., Brito, W.H., Lawder, J.A.C., Mendes, Y.B.E., Silva, F.F.M., Antunes, J.L.F., Determinantes individuais da utilização de serviços odontológicos por adultos e idosos de baixa renda (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 150-162(2010) Um panorama da saúde no Brasil: Acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde, condições de saúde e fatores de risco e proteção à saúde, 2008, , Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios-PNAD 2008. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística;. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaGilbert, H.G., Access to and patterns of use of oral health care among elderly veterans (1995) Med Care, 33, pp. 78-89Moreira, R.S., Nico, L.S., Tomita, N.E., Ruiz, T., A saúde bucal do idoso brasileiro: Revisão sistemática sobre o quadro epidemiológico e acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21, pp. 1665-1675(2009) Plano de Ação Nacional 2009-2011 da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem, , Brasília: Ministério da Saúde Departamento de Ações Programáticas e Estratégicas, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Ministério da Saúd

Effective treatment of a case of pregnancy toxemia in sheep - case report

ABSTRACT Pregnancy toxemia has a high mortality rate and few cases with effective treatment are reported, especially when associated with secondary diseases. Therefore, the present work reports the case of a sheep, which was referred to the veterinary hospital of UFMG, in the last month of pregnancy, presenting apathy, hyporexia and sternal recumbency. After the diagnosis of pregnancy toxemia, the fetuses were removed while still alive, but did not survive. Monitoring was started with blood gas analysis, blood glucose assessments and laboratory tests. The results were consistent with liver damage, which was justified by the condition of lipolysis. Treatment consisted of electrolyte replacement plus 50% glucose and potassium chloride, along with administration of antibiotics (ceftiofur, 5mg/kg/SID/IM/7 days), flunixim meglumine (2.2mg/kg/SID/IM first day and 1.1mg/kg/SID/IM on the second and third days) and omeprazole (4mg/kg/SID/oral). The patient had secondarily clinical laminitis, which was treated with cryotherapy and anti-inflammatory drugs, in addition to mastitis, using a single dose of intramammary antibiotics. The work demonstrated the effectiveness of the treatment of pregnancy toxemia, when performed early and intensively, associated with daily clinical and laboratory monitoring of the animal

IL-2(high) tissue-resident T cells in the human liver: Sentinels for hepatotropic infection

The liver provides a tolerogenic immune niche exploited by several highly prevalent pathogens as well as by primary and metastatic tumors. We have sampled healthy and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected human livers to probe for a subset of T cells specialized to overcome local constraints and mediate immunity. We characterize a population of T-bet(lo)Eomes(lo)Blimp-1(hi)Hobit(lo) T cells found within the intrahepatic but not the circulating memory CD8 T cell pool expressing liver-homing/retention markers (CD69(+)CD103(+) CXCR6(+)CXCR3(+)). These tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) are preferentially expanded in patients with partial immune control of HBV infection and can remain in the liver after the resolution of infection, including compartmentalized responses against epitopes within all major HBV proteins. Sequential IL-15 or antigen exposure followed by TGFβ induces liver-adapted TRM, including their signature high expression of exhaustion markers PD-1 and CD39. We suggest that these inhibitory molecules, together with paradoxically robust, rapid, cell-autonomous IL-2 and IFNγ production, equip liver CD8 TRM to survive while exerting local noncytolytic hepatic immunosurveillance

Emission of carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons and particulate matter during wood combustion in a stove operating under distinct conditions

Wood combustion experiments were carried out to determine the effect of ignition technique, biomass load and cleavage, as well as secondary air supply, on carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon (THC), particulate matter (PM10) and particle number emissions fromawoodstove.Wood fromtwo typical tree species in the Iberian Peninsula was selected: pine (Pinus pinaster) and beech (Fagus sylvatica). The highest CO and total hydrocarbon emission factors (EFs) were observed, respectively, for pine and beech, for high and low fuel loads. The highest PM10 EFwas recorded for the operationwith lowloads for bothwoods. Secondary air supply produced the lowest PM10 emission factors. The top ignition can decrease the PM10 EF to less than halfwhen compared with the common technique of lighting from the bottom. The lowest particle number emission factors were observed when operating with high loads of split beech logs and when using secondary air supply during the combustion of pine. Regarding particle number distributions, the highest geometric mean diameter (Dg), for both woods, were observed when operating with high loads (with split and non-split wood)

Tree height integrated into pantropical forest biomass estimates

Copyright © 2012 European Geosciences Union. This is the published version available at http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/3381/2012/bg-9-3381-2012.htmlAboveground tropical tree biomass and carbon storage estimates commonly ignore tree height (H). We estimate the effect of incorporating H on tropics-wide forest biomass estimates in 327 plots across four continents using 42 656 H and diameter measurements and harvested trees from 20 sites to answer the following questions: 1. What is the best H-model form and geographic unit to include in biomass models to minimise site-level uncertainty in estimates of destructive biomass? 2. To what extent does including H estimates derived in (1) reduce uncertainty in biomass estimates across all 327 plots? 3. What effect does accounting for H have on plot- and continental-scale forest biomass estimates? The mean relative error in biomass estimates of destructively harvested trees when including H (mean 0.06), was half that when excluding H (mean 0.13). Power- and Weibull-H models provided the greatest reduction in uncertainty, with regional Weibull-H models preferred because they reduce uncertainty in smaller-diameter classes (≤40 cm D) that store about one-third of biomass per hectare in most forests. Propagating the relationships from destructively harvested tree biomass to each of the 327 plots from across the tropics shows that including H reduces errors from 41.8 Mg ha−1 (range 6.6 to 112.4) to 8.0 Mg ha−1 (−2.5 to 23.0). For all plots, aboveground live biomass was −52.2 Mg ha−1 (−82.0 to −20.3 bootstrapped 95% CI), or 13%, lower when including H estimates, with the greatest relative reductions in estimated biomass in forests of the Brazilian Shield, east Africa, and Australia, and relatively little change in the Guiana Shield, central Africa and southeast Asia. Appreciably different stand structure was observed among regions across the tropical continents, with some storing significantly more biomass in small diameter stems, which affects selection of the best height models to reduce uncertainty and biomass reductions due to H. After accounting for variation in H, total biomass per hectare is greatest in Australia, the Guiana Shield, Asia, central and east Africa, and lowest in east-central Amazonia, W. Africa, W. Amazonia, and the Brazilian Shield (descending order). Thus, if tropical forests span 1668 million km2 and store 285 Pg C (estimate including H), then applying our regional relationships implies that carbon storage is overestimated by 35 Pg C (31–39 bootstrapped 95% CI) if H is ignored, assuming that the sampled plots are an unbiased statistical representation of all tropical forest in terms of biomass and height factors. Our results show that tree H is an important allometric factor that needs to be included in future forest biomass estimates to reduce error in estimates of tropical carbon stocks and emissions due to deforestation