Clinical, Pathological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of a Primary Hemangiosarcoma in a Pinscher Dog

Background: Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant tumor that arises from the vascular endothelium affecting more often dogs than other species as cats, cows and horses. It comprises approximately 2% of all tumors in dogs. The most common primary site for the HSA in dogs is the spleen, and other locations include the right atrium, pericardium, liver andprostate. Other authors have reported this tumor in lungs, kidney, oral cavity, muscle, bone, urinary bladder, left ventricle, tongue and retroperitoneum. Due to the importance of the HSA in canine species, the aim of this study was to describe the clinical and pathological fndings, besides therapeutic protocol in an unusual case of HSA.Case:A six-year-old male pinscher was referred to the veterinary hospital with a history of cyanosis and choking. The animal was submitted to radiographic examination in lateral cervical view, which identifed the presence of a mass of 1.2 cm in diameter near the pharynx. In order to evaluate the oral cavity, general anesthesia was performed, and it was possible to see a soft, rosy, circumscribed and vascularized lump in pharyngeal region. Due to suspicion of neoplasm, excisional biopsywithout surgical margin was performed. The histopathological exam diagnosed hemangiosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry against vimentin, factor VIII, VEGF and Ki67 was performed and confrmed diagnosis of low grade hemangiosarcoma. Antineoplastic chemotherapy protocol was initiated with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every 21 days totaling sixsessions. However, the animal died after the cyclophosphamide intoxication with a three-fold recommended dose (660 mg/m² total in the last session), showing a median survival rate of 220 days.Discussion: The most common primary site for HSA in dogs is the spleen. The pharyngeal location is rare, with only a few reports in literature. In the present case, solitary tumor was observed in pharynx with no involvement of other organs, evidenced by radiographic examination, abdominal ultrasound and echocardiogram, suggesting that pharynx was theprimary location of the tumor. Main features of HSA comprise a solitary nodule or multifocal lesions within the organ or widely disseminated. Histologically, they consist of pleomorphic immature endothelial cells with formation of vascular spaces with variable amount of blood and/or thrombi. In some cases, HSA shows a polymorphic subtype and immunohistochemistry is necessary to provide a defnitive diagnosis. The sample was submitted to histopathological examination which revealed proliferation of endothelial cells with pronounced pleomorphism ranging from polygonals to ovoid, sparse cytoplasm, round to oval nucleus with visible nucleolus, few mitotic fgures, some of them, aberrant, which confrmed diagnosis of HAS. Due to the unusual location, we performed immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, factor VIII,VEGF and Ki67 antibodies to confrm mesenchymal origin of the tumor. In IHC, it was possible to identify positive reac tion for vimentin protein, factor VIII, VEGF and few Ki67 positive cells, confrming histopathological diagnosis. Despite literature describes an aggressive biological behavior of canine HSA, with common occurrence of metastasis, recurrencewas not observed at the site of the removal of the tumor. In histopathological evaluation, it was observed low number ofmitoses, besides the low Ki67 expression on IHC, featuring a low grade tumor with minor ability to metastasize. To the author’s knowledge, this case describes an unusual presentation of HSA, with low metastatic potential, in which chemo therapy protocol achieved survival time of 220 days.Keywords: angiosarcoma, dogs, immunohistochemistry, pharynx

Synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation of the surface condition of artefacts from King Henry VIII's warship the Mary Rose

Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) measured on the XMaS beamline at the ESRF was used to characterize the alloy composition and crystalline surface corrosion of three copper alloy Tudor artefacts recovered from the undersea wreck of King Henry VIII's warship the Mary Rose. The XRD method adopted has a dynamic range ∼1:105 and allows reflections <0.002% of the height of major reflections in the pattern to be discerned above the background without smoothing. Laboratory XRD, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy, synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and X-ray excited optical luminescence–X-ray near-edge absorption structure were used as supporting techniques, and the combination revealed structural and compositional features of importance to both archaeology and conservation. The artefacts were brass links believed to be fragments of chainmail and were excavated from the seabed during 1981 and 1982. Their condition reflects very different treatment just after recovery, viz. complete cleaning and conservation, chemical corrosion inhibition and chloride removal only, and distilled water soaking only (to remove the chlorides). The brass composition has been determined for all three at least in the top 7 µm or so as Cu(73%)Zn(27%) from the lattice constant. Measurement of the peak widths showed significant differences in the crystallite size and microstrain between the three samples. All of the links are found to be almost chloride-free with the main corrosion products being spertiniite, sphalerite, zincite, covellite and chalcocite. The balance of corrosion products between the links reflects the conservation treatment applied to one and points to different corrosion environments for the other two

APLICAÇÃO DE RESÍDUO CERÂMICO COMO ADIÇÃO MINERAL NA PRODUÇÃO DE ARGAMASSAS E CONCRETOS

A Indústria de louças sanitárias durante todo ciclo produtivo consome um volume considerável deágua, em geral de 60-180 litros/peças produzidas. O efluente líquido gerado nas etapas doprocessamento apresenta uma elevada concentração em sólidos suspensos. O lançamento diretodessa corrente in natura em corpos receptores ocasiona o assoreamento dos rios, tornando o meioaeróbico. Após tratamento na ETE, o lodo na forma de torta passa a perfazer um montante a serdescartado. Neste trabalho foram realizados estudos preliminares com a finalidade de verificar suaempregabilidade na produção de concreto. Para avaliar a influência da substituição de parte docimento Portland pelo resíduo, foram realizados ensaios de absorção e de resistência à compressãoem argamassas com 5%, 10%, 15% e 50% de resíduo em substituição ao cimento. Os resultadosobtidos indicam que o emprego desse material é viável na produção de concretos e argamassas

MERCADO DE CAPITAIS COMO FOCO DAS PESQUISAS EM CONTABILIDADE: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NACIONAL

Parallel to the increased amount of research in accounting, studies focusing on mapping and analyzing its characteristics have been intensified, the so-called bibliometric studies. This is also a bibliometric study in accounting and, among the research areas of accounting, it aimed to identify the characteristics of scientific production with an emphasis on capital markets published between the years 2004 and 2014 in national accounting journals stratified by Qualis/CAPES. We used the descriptive, bibliographic and bibliometric research with a quantitative approach. In the sample of 113 articles found, the main results showed a higher concentration of articles published in journals classified as B3, papers developed in co-authorship between two scholars and PhD researchers. In addition, they reveal the University of São Paulo (USP) as the most productive institution in terms of relationship with authors, pointing to the predominance of journal articles and the influence of international literature as its foundation, and revealed that the productivity of the authors of research in capital markets is low and it adjusts to Lotka's Law. It was concluded that scientific production in accounting with an emphasis on capital markets is on the rise, especially by the interest of doctors and teachers linked to various institutions countrywide in analyzing the relevance of disclosure of financial information to the capital market and its impact on stock prices of companies listed on the BM&amp;F Bovespa.Paralelamente ao aumento das pesquisas em contabilidade, intensificam-se os estudos com foco no mapeamento e análise de suas características, chamados estudos bibliométricos. Este é também um estudo bibliométrico em contabilidade e, dentre as áreas de pesquisa da contabilidade, objetivou identificar as características da produção científica com ênfase em mercado de capitais publicada entre os anos de 2004 e 2014 em periódicos nacionais de contabilidade estratificados pela Qualis/CAPES. Utilizaram-se as pesquisas descritiva e bibliométrica, com abordagem quantitativa. Na amostra, dos 113 artigos encontrados, os principais resultados demonstram uma maior concentração de artigos publicados em revistas qualificadas como B3, de trabalhos elaborados em coautoria entre dois estudiosos e por pesquisadores doutores. Ademais, revelam a Universidade de São Paulo (USP) como a instituição mais produtiva em termos de vínculo com autores e apontam a predominância dos artigos de periódicos e a influência da literatura internacional na fundamentação dos trabalhos, bem como revelam que a produtividade dos autores das pesquisas em mercado de capitais é baixa e se ajusta à Lei de Lotka. Concluiu-se que a produção científica em contabilidade com ênfase no mercado de capitais encontra-se em ascensão, sobretudo pelo interesse de doutores e mestres vinculados a diversas instituições do país em analisar a relevância da evidenciação das informações contábeis para o mercado de capitais e seu impacto no preço das ações das empresas listadas na BM&amp;F Bovespa

Schirmer tear test, a useful diagnosis tool for the clinician / Teste lacrimal de Schirmer, uma ferramenta diagnóstica útil para o clínico

It was evaluated the Schirmer Tear Test 1 (STT-1) in 100 dogs randomly attended in order to identify its variations and possible relations with the clinical review, disease, breed, age and sex. The STT-1 was accomplished in both eyes in dogs over two years old, females or males. Of these, those whose complaint included ocular clinical signs or those with previously identified ocular disease were excluded from this study. After analysis it were computed 92 dogs (194 eyes), 34 males and 58 females with 7,79 ± 3,7 e 7,76 ± 3,7 years old, respectively. About the breeds, 40,2% were mixed breed, 13,0% Poodle, 6,5% Shih-tzu and Basset Hound and 5,4% Pitbull. STT-1 &lt;10mm/min was observed bilaterally in 4,3% of the dogs with mean age 7,4 ± 3,9 years old. Of these, 75% females and 25% males. STT-1 ? 10 e ? 14 mm/min was observed in 3,2% of the dogs, of these, 66,7% males and 33,3% females, 66,7% mixed breed and 33,3% Teckel. The mean age was 7,6 ± 3,8 years old. About the systemic diseases observed in the animals with STT-1 &lt;10mm/min it were found reproductive apparatus changes(42,8%). It is emphasized the STT-1 in the clinical-surgical veterinary attendance even when the main complaint does not relate the ocular system, mainly in patients over seven years old

Neuropathology of animal prion diseases

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases are a fatal group of infectious, inherited and spontaneous neurodegenerative diseases affecting human and animals. They are caused by the conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a misfolded pathological isoform (PrPSc or prion- proteinaceous infectious particle) that self-propagates by conformational conversion of PrPC. Yet by an unknown mechanism, PrPC can fold into different PrPSc conformers that may result in different prion strains that display specific disease phenotype (incubation time, clinical signs and lesion profile). Although the pathways for neurodegeneration as well as the involvement of brain inflammation in these diseases are not well understood, the spongiform changes, neuronal loss, gliosis and accumulation of PrPSc are the characteristic neuropathological lesions. Scrapie affecting small ruminants was the first identified TSE and has been considered the archetype of prion diseases, though atypical and new animal prion diseases continue to emerge highlighting the importance to investigate the lesion profile in naturally affected animals. In this report, we review the neuropathology and the neuroinflammation of animal prion diseases in natural hosts from scrapie, going through the zoonotic bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), the chronic wasting disease (CWD) to the newly identified camel prion disease (CPD).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Scrapie at abattoir: monitoring, control, and differential diagnosis of wasting conditions during meat inspection

Wasting disease in small ruminants is frequently detected at slaughterhouses. The wasting disorder is manifested by the deterioration of the nutritional and physiological state of the animal indicated by thinness, emaciation, and cachexia. Evidence of emaciation and cachexia, alone, are pathological conditions leading to carcass condemnation during an inspection. Several diseases are associated with a wasting condition, including scrapie, pseudotuberculosis, tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, Maedi Visna, and tumor diseases. On the other hand, parasitic diseases, nutrition disorders, exposure or ingestion of toxins, metabolic conditions, inadequate nutrition due to poor teeth, or poor alimentary diet are conditions contributing to poor body condition. Classical and atypical scrapie is naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in small ruminants. The etiological agent for each one is prions. However, each of these scrapie types is epidemiologically, pathologically, and biochemically different. Though atypical scrapie occurs at low incidence, it is consistently prevalent in the small ruminant population. Hence, it is advisable to include differential diagnosis of this disease, from other possibilities, as a cause of wasting conditions detected during meat inspection at the abattoir. This manuscript is a review of the measures in force at the abattoir for scrapie control, focusing on the differential diagnosis of gross lesions related to wasting conditions detected in small ruminants during meat inspection.This article was funded by the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029947 “Chronic wasting disease risk assessment in Portugal” supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia)- FEDER-Balcão2020, projects UIDB/04033/2020. Nuno Gonçalves-Anjo has a Ph.D. grant scholarship (reference number SFRH/BD/146961/2019) financed by FCT through FSE (Fundo Social Europeu). Also, the authors of the research unit CECAV and CITAB received funding from the FCT, under the projects UIDB/CVT/0772/2020 and UIDB/04033/2020, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The challenges in the application of educational strategies for doctors in the Programa Mais Médicos do Brasil (PMMB): An analytical-descriptive study

This article analyzes the challenges faced for the application of educational strategies for physicians in the Programa Mais Médicos of Brasil (“More Physicians”) and the contributions of these professionals to the work processes of Family Health teams with a focus on achieving comprehensiveness of health care and the expansion of health care. access to hard-to-reach regions. It is a documentary analysis of a descriptive nature, which includes from laws and regulations, norms, opinions, letters, memo, personal diaries, autobiographies, newspapers, magazines, speeches, radio and television program scripts to books, statistics and files schoolchildren. The results indicate that there is a need for dynamic flexibility in educational actions, focusing on the needs of the population and regions that host the program to reduce care inequities and favor the strengthening of bonds between staff and users in order to provide comprehensive care . Among the challenges, we can highlight the program\u27s contribution to the reduction of practices segmented by professional categories, subordinated to the (bio)medical figure and knowledge, with limited interprofessional and team-community interaction in the construction of common care and interconstitutive knowledge. However, it could be concluded that the contribution of the doctors of the “Mais Médicos” Program in Brazil, in addition to reducing inequities and expanding access to healthcare for the population, also contributes to the deconstruction of the hegemonic medical model, taking into account the importance of interdisciplinary knowledge for the success of comprehensive health care. In addition, it reiterates the importance of dynamic actions focusing on local and territorial reality for educational strategies, as territories have peculiar characteristics, developing the critical-reflective process of professionals and capable of solving demands in different regions

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO