Double Lip Surgical Correction in Ascher’s Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment of a Rare Condition

Ascher’s syndrome is a rare disease first described in 1920 by Ascher, an ophthalmologist from Prague. The disease is characterized by a double upper lip, blepharochalasis, and nontoxic thyroid enlargement, though the thyroid enlargement may be evident in only 10% to 50% of patients. These deformities, though not posing functional problems, may cause severe psychological distress to the affected person because of the disfiguring effect on smiling. Prompt recognition of this syndrome can prevent unnecessary tests and diagnostic delays, and allow for quicker scheduling of appropriate surgical treatment

Clinical and histopathological study of the oral multifocal melanoacanthoma : a case report

Melanoacanthoma is a blackened mucocutaneous lesion, mainly affecting individuals with dark skin and exhibiting rapid development. Differential diagnosis includes nevus, amalgam tattoo and melanoma. This article reports a case of a 53-year-old white woman, who exhibited multiple blackened lesions on the gingiva and upper lip. After incisional biopsy, the presence of numerous melanin-containing dendritic cells distributed throughout the epithelial thickness, which were S-100 (+), were observed microscopically. Final diagnosis was multifocal oral melanoacanthoma. Follow-up for 28 months has shown appearing of more lesions in gingiva and upper lip. Therefore, the importance of differential diagnosis of oral melanoma with the group of oral pigmented lesions, and possible associated systemic diseases were evaluated

Salivary and Serum Biochemical Analysis from Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To compare salivary and serum biochemical levels in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: The sample was composed of 57 patients treated in Hemodialysis Reference Centers, from a state of Northeastern Brazilian, with age ≥21 years old with at least 3 months of hemodialysis treatment time. Serum data were obtained from records. Unstimulated and stimulated saliva were collected. Flow rate (mL/min) was measured. Spectrophotometry was performed for the measurement of salivary levels of calcium (570 nm), urea (340 nm), and creatinine (510 nm). Statistical analysis used Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p<0.05). Results: Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates were 0.43 mL/min and 1.69 mL/min, respectively. There was significant difference (p<0.001) of levels of calcium (5.41 mg/dL and 9.70 mg/dL), urea (118.03 mg/dL and 183.22 mg/dL) and creatinine (0.59 mg/dL and 9.20 mg/dL) between saliva and serum, respectively. Concerning the time of hemodialysis, salivary and serum calcium not exhibited significant association; however, serum urea (p=0.012) and serum creatinine (p=0.025) showed significant association to the time of hemodialysis. Conclusion: Salivary biochemical levels of urea, creatinine and calcium can indicate the presence of a possible chronic renal failure and the saliva demonstrated to be a potential auxiliary biofluid for clinical monitoring renal alterations

Immunohistochemical expression of matrilysins (MMP-7 and MMP-26) in ameloblastomas and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 7 and 26 in ameloblastomas and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs). STUDY DESIGN: Twenty intraosseous solid ameloblastomas and 10 intraosseous AOTs were evaluated regarding immunohistochemical expression of MMP-7 and -26 in the epithelium and stroma. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in MMP-7 and -26 expression between the epithelium of ameloblastomas (P = .50) and AOTs (P = .90). Stromal staining for MMP-7 was evident in all cases. For MMP-26, stromal staining was observed in 65% of ameloblastomas and 50% of AOTs, and this difference was not statistically significant (P = .69). CONCLUSION: The marked expression of these matrilysins suggests their role in the process of tissue remodeling and growth in the studied tumors, but it does not relate to the their distinct patterns of aggressiveness

Unusual epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in palate: case report and immunohistochemical study

Ephitelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a neoplasm of salivary gland extremely rare and low-grade malig- nant, exhibiting predilection for major salivary gland, especially parotid gland. This paper described a case of EMC localized in soft palate. The initial clinical diagnosis were mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinoma. A incisional biopsy was performed, and the histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified. The patient underwent excisional biopsy, where was realized immunohistochemical analysis, staining the duct-like structures, where the inner layer of epithelial cells positively for CK 14, whereas outer layer of myoepithelial cells stained positively for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and vimentin antibodies. Based on these findings, the final histological diagnosis was EMC. The patient was submitted 30 sessions of radiotherapy, and she is being follow-up about 2 years without evidence recurrences

Clinical findings and risk factors to oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: a 12-year retrospective analysis

Background: In recent years have been observed an increased incidence of OSCC in young individuals. Based on this, the aim this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of all cases of OSCC in younger patients, diagnosed in two oncology referral hospitals, at the northeast region of Brazil within a 12-year period. Material and Methods: Data regarding general characteristics of patients (age, gender and tobacco and/or alcohol habits) and information about the lesions (tumor location, size, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and clinical stage) were submitted to descriptive and inferential analysis. Statistical analysis included Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (P<0.05). Results: Out of 2311 registered cases of OSCC, 76 (3.3%) corresponded to OSCC in patients under 45 years old. Most of them were male (n=62, 81.6%) and tobacco and/or alcohol users (n=40, 52.8%). The most frequent site was the tongue (n=31, 40.8%), with predominance of cases classified at advanced clinical stage (III and IV, n = 46, 60.5%). The advanced stage of OSCC (III and IV) was statistically associated with male gender (P=0.035), lower education level (P=0.007), intraoral sites (P<0.001), presence of pain symptomatology (P=0.006), and consumption of tobacco and/or alcohol (P=0.001). Conclusions: The profile of OSCC in young patients resembles to the commonly characteristics reported for overall population. The late diagnosis in young patients usually results in poor prognosis, associated with gender, harmful habits and tumor location. Although prevalence is low, stimulus to prevention and to early diagnosis should be addressed to young individuals exposed to risk factor

Fatores de risco da ulceração aftosa recorrente – uma revisão dos achados atuais

The Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU) is the most common oral mucosal disorder, attacking mainly non-keratinized areas. It is characterized by painful, recurring, superficial ulcers, surrounded by erythematous haloes. The ulcers are classified, according to clinical characteristics, as minor ulcers, major ulcers and herpetiform ulcers. Its etiology is multifactorial and can be associated with family history and local, systemic and genetic factors. The diagnosis is fundamentally made through anamnesis and clinical exam, because no laboratory procedures exisst to confirm the diagnosis. To date, there is no curative therapy to prevent the recurrence of ulcers, and all available treatment modalities can only reduce the frequency and severity of the lesions. Based in the actual findings, the main objective of this paper is to relate and discuss the main risk factors of the recurrent aphthous ulceration, found in the literature, and so it contributes for better understanding this disorder.A Ulceração Aftosa Recorrente (UAR) é a desordem que afeta a mucosa oral com maior freqüência, acometendo principalmente áreas não ceratinizadas. Caracteriza-se por ulcerações dolorosas, recorrentes, superficiais, circundadas por um halo eritematoso. As úlceras são classificadas de acordo com suas características clínicas em úlceras aftosas menores, úlceras aftosas maiores e úlceras herpetiformes. Sua etiologia é multifatorial, e podem estar associadas com histórico familiar, fatores locais, sistêmicos e genéticos. O diagnóstico é basicamente feito através de uma boa anamnese e um exame clínico, já que não existem exames laboratoriais que confirmem o diagnóstico. Até o momento, não existe tratamento curativo para prevenir a recorrência das ulcerações: todas as modalidades disponíveis podem apenas reduzir a freqüência e a severidade das lesões. Com base nos achados atuais, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar e discutir os principais fatores de risco da ulceração aftosa recorrente encontrados na literatura e, assim, colaborar para o melhor entendimento dessa desordem

Immunoexpression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in sporadic and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome-related odontogenic keratocysts

Differences in the pathogenesis and biological behavior of sporadic and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome-related odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) have been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Chemokine CXCL12 and its main receptor CXCR4