Literatura e inclusão: uma parceria ultrapassando os limites

A literatura tem um papel fundamental para a educação inclusiva, e fazer da leitura literária uma prática cotidiana – realizada de forma estimulada e mediada por profissionais do ensino – significa potencializar o indivíduo em sua busca por mais autonomia. Além do mais, sabemos que há textos literários cuja recepção pode nos ajudar com questões da diversidade e da alteridade. Assim, este artigo faz uma reflexão acerca das contribuições da literatura para a formação do aluno inclusivo nas escolas regulares da cidade de Araguaína/TO, problematizando o modo como ela pode ser mediada no âmbito escolar, uma vez que há um déficit significativo de acervo no ensino inclusivo na referida cidade. Metodologicamente, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com viés qualitativo. Para embasamento teórico, utilizamos os seguintes autores: Zumthor (2014), Petit (2009), Rangel (2005), Candido (2017), Yunes (1984), Lenhardt e Costa (2012), Mantoan (2003), Silva e Fachin (2002). Como resultado, apontamos que a literatura é um instrumento efetivamente relevante para a educação inclusa, pois muitos horizontes que se ampliam no ensino inclusivo advêm da leitura literária.Literature has a fundamental role for inclusive education, and the reading of literature as a daily practice – stimulated and mediated by educators – means to empower the student in its search for more autonomy. Besides, we know that some literary texts bring about a reception that helps with the debate on alterity and diversity. For that reason, this article proposes a reflection on the contributions of literature to inclusive education in regular schools in the city of Araguaína (located in the state of Tocantins, Brazil), problematizing the question of how it can be mediated in the school environment, since there is a significant deficit in inclusive education in that city. Methodologically, we adopted a bibliographical research, with a qualitative approach. To theoretically support our text, we will use the following authors: Zumthor (2014); Petit (2009); Rangel (2005); Candido (2017); Yunes (1984); Lenhardt and Costa (2012); Mantoan (2003); Silva and Fachin (2002). As a result, we indicate that literature is an effectively relevant instrument for inclusive education, as many horizons can be seen to expand in inclusive education through the practice of literary reading. &nbsp

A new field instrument for leaf volatiles reveals an unexpected vertical profile of isoprenoid emission capacities in a tropical forest.

Both plant physiology and atmospheric chemistry are substantially altered by the emission of volatile isoprenoids (VI), such as isoprene and monoterpenes, from plant leaves. Yet, since gaining scientific attention in the 1950?s, empirical research on leaf VI has been largely confined to laboratory experiments and atmospheric observations. Here, we introduce a new field instrument designed to bridge the scales from leaf to atmosphere, by enabling precision VI detection in real time from plants in their natural ecological setting. With a field campaign in the Brazilian Amazon, we reveal an unexpected distribution of leaf emission capacities (EC) across the vertical axis of the forest canopy, with EC peaking in the mid-canopy instead of the sun-exposed canopy surface, and moderately high emissions occurring in understory specialist species. Compared to the simple interpretation that VI protect leaves from heat stress at the hot canopy surface, our results encourage a more nuanced view of the adaptive role of VI in plants. We infer that forest emissions to the atmosphere depend on the dynamic microenvironments imposed by canopy structure, and not simply on canopy surface conditions. We provide a new emissions inventory from 52 tropical tree species, revealing moderate consistency in EC within taxonomic groups. We highlight priorities in leaf volatiles research that require field-portable detection systems. Our self-contained, portable instrument provides real-time detection and live measurement feedback with precision and detection limits better than 0.5 nmolVI m-2 leaf s-1. We call the instrument ?PORCO? based on the gas detection method: photoionization of organic compounds. We provide a thorough validation of PORCO and demonstrate its capacity to detect ecologically driven variation in leaf emission rates and thus accelerate a nascent field of science: the ecology and ecophysiology of plant volatiles

Emissions of putative isoprene oxidation products from mango branches under abiotic stress

Although several per cent of net carbon assimilation can be re-released as isoprene emissions to the atmosphere by many tropical plants, much uncertainty remains regarding its biological significance. In a previous study, we detected emissions of isoprene and its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) from tropical plants under high temperature/light stress, suggesting that isoprene is oxidized not only in the atmosphere but also within plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the suite of isoprene oxidation products in plants has not been performed and production relationships with environmental stress have not been described. In this study, putative isoprene oxidation products from mango (Mangifera indica) branches under abiotic stress were first identified. High temperature/light and freeze-thaw treatments verified direct emissions of the isoprene oxidation products MVK and MACR together with the first observations of 3-methyl furan (3-MF) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) as putative novel isoprene oxidation products. Mechanical wounding also stimulated emissions of MVK and MACR. Photosynthesis under 13CO2 resulted in rapid (<30min) labelling of up to five carbon atoms of isoprene, with a similar labelling pattern observed in the putative oxidation products. These observations highlight the need to investigate further the mechanisms of isoprene oxidation within plants under stress and its biological and atmospheric significance. © 2013 The Author

Integração de métodos multicritério na busca da sustentabilidade agrícola para a produção de tomates no município de São José de Ubá-RJ.

Este estudo discute alternativas para os sistemas produtivos da terra no plantio de tomates em São José de Ubá-RJ e as relações de trabalho passíveis de serem colocadas em pratica de forma a promover uma agricultura sustentavel na região, priorizando os aspectos economicos, ambientais e culturais do problema. A introdução da questão cultural aumenta a complexidade da questão, sendo necessário o uso de uma metodologia capaz de lidar com toda a subjetividade envolvida nesse processo de tomada de decisão. O estudo visa contribuir para a conquista de um processo sustentavel na região, estabelecendo um processo de tomada de decisão pautado nas opinioes do agricultor, respeitando principalmente as questões culturais do problema. As características do ambiente de tomada de decisão indicaram o uso de uma combinação de métodos de apoio a decisão multicritério - MACBETH e VIP Analysis - para a seleção da melhor alternativa capaz de possibilitar o alcance dos objetivos propostos

SEROLOGICAL DETECTION OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS IN FREE-RANGING NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES (Sapajus spp., Alouatta caraya) FROM THE PARANÁ RIVER BASIN, BRAZIL

Nonhuman primates are considered as the natural hosts of Hepatitis A virus (HAV), as well as other pathogens, and can serve as natural sentinels to investigate epizootics and endemic diseases that are of public health importance. During this study, blood samples were collected from 112 Neotropical primates (NTPs) (Sapajus nigritus and S. cay, n = 75; Alouatta caraya, n = 37) trap-captured at the Paraná River basin, Brazil, located between the States of Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were detected in 4.5% (5/112) of NTPs, specifically in 6.7% (5/75) of Sapajus spp. and 0% (0/37) of A. caraya. In addition, all samples were negative for the presence of IgM anti-HAV antibodies. These results suggest that free-ranging NTPs were exposed to HAV within the geographical regions evaluated