Chlamydia trachomatis: aspectos microbiológicos, clínicos y epidemiológicos

Se presenta una revisión completa de los principales aspectos microbiológicos, clínicos y epidemiológicos de Chlamydia trachomatis. Se hace énfasis en los mecanismos particulares de invasividad, tipo de receptores, aspectos epidemiológicos y factores genéticos de susceptibilidad entre otros. Se abordan las patologías que ocasiona Chlamydia trachomatis separando las infecciones en el hombre, mujer y niños. También se realiza una actualización sobre los diferentes métodos de diagnóstico desde el cultivo celular hasta la biología molecular; se hace una reseña de C. psittaci y C. pneumoniae. Por último se tocan aspectos terapéuticos del tratamiento con énfasis en las infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis

S-Adenosyl-l-Methionine Inhibitors Δ(24)-Sterol Methyltransferase and Δ(24(28))-Sterol Methylreductase as Possible Agents against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

We studied the antiproliferative effects of three azasterol analogs [piperidyl-2-yl-5α-pregnan-3β,20(R)-diol (AZA-1), 22-piperidin-2-yl-pregnan-22(S),3β-diol (AZA-2), and 22-piperidin-3-yl-pregnan-22(S),3β-diol (AZA-3)] and their effects on the lipid composition of the pathogenic yeastlike phase of the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Inhibition was 100% for AZA-1 at 5 μM, 62% for AZA-2 at 10 μM, and 100% for AZA-3 at 0.5 μM. The analogs inhibited different stages of the sterol biosynthesis pathway

Lymphopenia as a Predictor for Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Single Center Retrospective Study of 4485 Cases

Lymphopenia is commonly present in patients with COVID-19. We sought to determine if lymphopenia on admission predicts COVID-19 clinical outcomes. A retrospective chart review was performed on 4485 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, who were admitted to the hospital. Of those, 2409 (57.3%) patients presented with lymphopenia (absolute lymphocyte count < 1.1 × 109/L) on admission, and had higher incidences of ICU admission (17.9% versus 9.5%, p < 0.001), invasive mechanical ventilation (14.4% versus 6.5%, p < 0.001), dialysis (3.4% versus 1.8%, p < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (16.6% versus 6.6%, p < 0.001), with multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of 1.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–2.25), 2.09 (95% CI, 1.69–2.59), 1.77 (95% CI, 1.19–2.68), and 2.19 (95% CI 1.76–2.72) for the corresponding outcomes, respectively, compared to those without lymphopenia. The restricted cubic spline models showed a non-linear relationship between lymphocyte count and adverse outcomes, with an increase in the risk of adverse outcomes for lower lymphocyte counts in patients with lymphopenia. The predictive powers of lymphopenia, expressed as areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves, were 0.68, 0.69, 0.78, and 0.79 for the corresponding adverse outcomes, respectively, after incorporating age, gender, race, and comorbidities. In conclusion, lymphopenia is a useful metric in prognosticating outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Management of Sepsis: Early Resuscitation

Key links in the chain of survival for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock are early identification and comprehensive resuscitation of high-risk patients. Multiple studies have shown that the first 6 hours of early sepsis management are especially important from a diagnostic, pathogenic, and therapeutic perspective, and that steps taken during this period can have a significant impact on outcome. The recognition of this critical time period and the robust outcome benefit realized in previous studies provides the rationale for adopting early resuscitation as a distinct intervention. Sepsis joins trauma, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction in having “golden hours,” representing a critical opportunity early on in the course of disease for actions that offer the most benefit

Management of Sepsis: Early Resuscitation

Key links in the chain of survival for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock are early identification and comprehensive resuscitation of high-risk patients. Multiple studies have shown that the first 6 hours of early sepsis management are especially important from a diagnostic, pathogenic, and therapeutic perspective, and that steps taken during this period can have a significant impact on outcome. The recognition of this critical time period and the robust outcome benefit realized in previous studies provides the rationale for adopting early resuscitation as a distinct intervention. Sepsis joins trauma, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction in having “golden hours,” representing a critical opportunity early on in the course of disease for actions that offer the most benefit

Colombian presidential campaign in Twitter (2018): appropriation, communication and subjectivities

Este estudio analiza los modos de apropiación tecnológica, modos de comunicación y subjetividades en Twitter durante las elecciones colombianas de 2018. Metodológicamente se procedió con una etnografía virtual que permitió establecer tendencias de campaña: Castrochavismo, Corrupción y Acuerdos de Paz. Estas categorías se midieron a través del análisis de contenido aplicado a 6.487 tweets de los 5 candidatos en primera vuelta. De dichos trinos se analizó una muestra de 2.525 en perspectiva multidisciplinar. Entre las conclusiones se resalta que los usuarios son objetivados como clientes y sus modos de comunicación mediados por la apropiación tecnológica dificultan la emergencia de una ciudadanía digital.This study analyzes the technological appropriation, communication modes and subjectivities on Twitter during Colombian elections in 2018 by employing a multidisciplinary approach. The method employed started with a virtual ethnography that established the trends in the electoral campaign: ‘Castrochavism’, Corruption, Peace Agreements. These categories were measured by performing a content analysis of the 6.487 tweets belonging to the 5 candidates that remained in the first presidential round. A sample of 2.525 was then analysed through a multidisciplinary perspective. Results show that the candidate’s modes of communication that are mediated through technological appropriation prevent the emergence of a digital citizenship

Cultural center Rafael Escalona

El Centro Cultural Rafael Escalona es un proyecto que busca adaptar un espacio en Valledupar que facilite el conocimiento de la cultura Vallenata a todas las personas de la ciudad, áreas aledañas y visitantes que se sientan atraídas por el vallenato y su cultura, así como ofrecer un completo servicio de salones, adecuados y acogedores, que permitan el desarrollo de actividades, de diversas temáticas, aprovechando el crecimiento económico, social y cultural que la ciudad ha experimentado en los últimos años, subsanando las deficiencias existentes hoy en día relacionados con lugares dedicados a la divulgación de la historia del Vallenato y a desarrollo de eventos. El presente proyecto está ubicado al norte de la ciudad, próximo al Parque de la Leyenda Vallenata y al Río Guatapurí, localizado de esta manera con el fin de crear una experiencia integral de lo que es la cultura Vallenata. Está conformado por un Centro de Convenciones, el cual se compone por tres plantas, en donde se ubican áreas administrativas, salones para actividades, restaurante y un Museo de la cultura Vallenata; dos auditorios, para el desarrollo de eventos de mayor tamaño; una plaza ecológica, conformada por amplias zonas verdes, una cicloruta e iluminación LED; y una amplia zona de parqueaderos para los visitantes. Así mismo, el proyecto cuenta con el diseño y construcción de 500 m de vía, con sus respectivas intersecciones, para facilitar el desplazamiento de los visitantes y reducir el tráfico en la zona. El Centro Cultural es un proyecto encaminado a fortalecer el conocimiento de la historia e importancia del vallenato, Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad, por medio de espacios, como el Museo y áreas para el desarrollo de eventos de diferentes temáticas y fines, que permitan mantener el interés de los visitantes y favorecer el crecimiento de Valledupar, a través del incremento del turismo y la consolidación de la ciudad como referencia en temas educativos, comerciales y económicos.Cultural Center Rafael Escalona is a Project that will create a space for people, both local and tourists, to get in touch with the “vallenata” culture and it will additionally offer comfortable spaces in order to develop events from different themes, in order to contribute to the social, cultural and economic development that the city has had in recent times, attending the growing demand for places dedicated to the promotion of the Vallenato culture and history. This project is located in the northern side of the city, close from the “Leyenda Vallenata” Park and the Guatapurí River, which is an ideal place to create a complete experience around the Vallenata culture. It is composed by a convention center that has three floors and where the administrative offices, rooms for events, a restaurant and a Vallenata culture museum is located; it is also composed by two auditoriums, to host big events; an ecological plaza, composed by open green areas, a road for bycicles and LED illumination; and finally, it has a big parking area for visitors. Likewise, the project includes the design and construction of 500 m of road, with its intersections, to make the visitors transit comfortable at all times and reduce traffic in the area. The cultural center aims to reinforce the knowledge of culture, history and importance of vallenato, which is an Inmaterial Good of Humanity, through spaces, like the museum and areas for the development of events of different themes, that remain interesting for visitors and contribute to the growth of Valledupar, through tourism and educational, commercial and economical aspects

Distinct Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Hospitalized Adults with the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Occurring during the Omicron Variant Surge

The COVID-19 Omicron variant has imposed a tremendous burden on healthcare services. We characterized the types of the Omicron variant-associated hospitalizations and their associations with clinical outcomes. Consecutive adults hospitalized with COVID-19 during the Omicron variant surge period of 1–14 January 2022, were classified into one of three groups based on their clinical presentations on admission: Group 1—primary COVID-19; Group 2—extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19; and Group 3—incidental COVID-19. Of the 500 patients who were hospitalized, 51.4% fell into Group 1, 16.4% into Group 2, and 32.2% into Group 3. The patients in Groups 1 and 2 were older, with higher proportions of comorbidities than patients in Group 3. The Group 1 patients had the highest mortality rate (15.6%), followed by Group 2 (8.5%), and Group 3 (0.6%), with adjusted odds ratios (OR) of 22.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.75–239.46; p = 0.004) and 10.95 (95% CI, 1.02–117.28; p = 0.048), respectively, compared to Group 3. Those in Group 1 showed a greater utilization of intensive care services (15.9%), followed by Group 2 (10.9%), and Group 3 (2.5%), with adjusted ORs of 7.95 (95% CI, 2.52–25.08; p p = 0.017), respectively, compared to Group 3. The patients in Groups 1 and 2 had longer hospitalization stays than the patients in Group 3 (p p = 0.002, respectively). Older age (≥65 years) was an independent factor associated with longer hospital stays (OR = 1.72, 95% CI, 1.07–2.77). These findings can help hospitals prioritize patient care and service planning for future SARS-CoV-2 variants

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

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