Multiple thermochronometers applied to the quantitative analysis of compressive systems: The southern sub-Andean fold and thrust belt of Bolivia: From source rock to trap

The evolution of fold and thrust belts requires time data restrictions to determine the rates related to the interaction of surface and subsurface processes and to quantify the time relationship between the components of the petroleum system: reservoir, seal, source rock and trap. The sub-Andean fold-and-thrust belt in the Bolivian territory in general, and the regional transect that links the structures of Curuyuqui-Carohuaicho-Tatarenda-Borebigua-Charagua and Mandeyapecua in particular, constitutes a complex multi-variable system in which the definition of time-Temperature (t-T) trajectories has led to new suitable structural and stratigraphic conclusions. The integration of multiple thermochronological-geochronological systems (Apatite Fission Track, Apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and UPb SHRIMP on zircon) and the existing surface and subsurface geological constraints made it possible to develop a chrono-kinematic characterization of fault-related anticlines, defining their formation chronology, structural growth rate and link between them in the study area. Furthermore, it was also possible to perform a quantitative analysis of the subsidence-burial and exhumation-erosion phenomena that occurred from the deposition of Silurian-Devonian source rocks to the present time, providing relevant determinations to the modeling of the Oil & Gas system.Fil: Hernandez, Juan I.. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Hernández, Roberto M.. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Dalenz Farjat, Alejandra. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Cristallini, Ernesto Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Laboratorio de Modelado Geológico; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Luis A.. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Dellmans, Luis M.. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Costilla, Marcos Roberto. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Andres F.. Geomap S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Becchio, Raul Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Bordese, Sofia. lA - Te Andes S.A. Laboratorio de Termocronología de Los Andes; ArgentinaFil: Arzadún, Guadalupe. lA - Te Andes S.A. Laboratorio de Termocronología de Los Andes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guibaldo, Cristina. lA - Te Andes S.A. Laboratorio de Termocronología de Los Andes; ArgentinaFil: Glasmacher, Ulrich A.. Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg; AlemaniaFil: Tomezzoli, Renata Nela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Stockli, Daniel F.. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Fuentes, Facundo. YPF - Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Soria Galvarro, Jaime. YPF - Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Rosales, Adolfo. YPF - Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Dzelalija, Francisco. YPF - Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Haring, Claudio. YPF - Tecnología; Argentin

Intentional replantation: case report

Intentional reimplantation is a procedure in which an intentional tooth extraction is performed followed by reinsertion of the extracted tooth. We present the case of a 50-year-old male patient who came to the consultation due to incrustation detachment in tooth #37, when performing the radiographic study an extensive apical lesion was observed in tooth #36 with a sinuous path and the presence of purulent exudate. The tooth #36 was extracted, apicoectomy, retro preparation and retrograde filling were carried out for later reimplantation, showing bone regeneration after one year of evolution

Factors associated with maternal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: an ecological study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Maternal health is one of the major worldwide health challenges. Currently, the unacceptably high levels of maternal mortality are a common subject in global health and development discussions. Although some countries have made remarkable progress, half of the maternal deaths in the world still take place in Sub-Saharan Africa where little or no progress has been made. There is no single simple, straightforward intervention that will significantly decrease maternal mortality alone; however, there is a consensus on the importance of a strong health system, skilled delivery attendants, and women's rights for maternal health. Our objective was to describe and determine different factors associated with the maternal mortality ratio in Sub-Saharan countries.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An ecological multi-group study compared variables between many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa using data collected between 1997 and 2006. The dependent variable was the maternal mortality ratio, and Health care system-related, educational and economic indicators were the independent variables. Information sources included the WHO, World Bank, UNICEF and UNDP.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Maternal mortality ratio values in Sub-Saharan Africa were demonstrated to be high and vary enormously among countries. A relationship between the maternal mortality ratio and some educational, sanitary and economic factors was observed. There was an inverse and significant correlation of the maternal mortality ratio with prenatal care coverage, births assisted by skilled health personnel, access to an improved water source, adult literacy rate, primary female enrolment rate, education index, the Gross National Income per capita and the per-capita government expenditure on health.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Education and an effective and efficient health system, especially during pregnancy and delivery, are strongly related to maternal death. Also, macro-economic factors are related and could be influencing the others.</p

An Extensive, Sensitive Search for SiO Masers in High- and Intermediate-Mass Star-Forming Regions

We present sensitive Very Large Array observations with an angular resolution of a few arcseconds of the $J= 1 - 0$ line of SiO in the $v$=1 and 2 vibrationally excited states toward a sample of 60 Galactic regions in which stars of high or intermediate mass are currently forming and/or have recently formed. We report the detection of SiO maser emission in \textit{both} vibrationally excited transitions toward only three very luminous regions: Orion-KL, W51N and Sgr B2(M). Toward all three, SiO maser emission had previously been reported, in Orion-KL in both lines, in W51N only in the $v=2$ line and in Sgr B2(M) only in the $v=1$ line. Our work confirms that SiO maser emission in star-forming regions is a rare phenomenon, indeed, that requires special, probably extreme, physical and chemical conditions not commonly found. In addition to this SiO maser survey, we also present images of the simultaneously observed 7 mm continuum emission from a subset of our sample of star-forming regions where such emission was detected. This is in most cases likely to be free-free emission from compact- and ultracompact-HII regions.Comment: Accepted by The Astronomical Journal Supplement Serie

Relationship between IGF-1 and body weight in inflammatory bowel diseases: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), represented by ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn''s disease (CD), are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, what leads to diarrhea, malnutrition, and weight loss. Depression of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 axis (GH-IGF-1 axis) could be responsible of these symptoms. We demonstrate that long-term treatment (54 weeks) of adult CD patients with adalimumab (ADA) results in a decrease in serum IGF-1 without changes in serum IGF-1 binding protein (IGF1BP4). These results prompted us to conduct a preclinical study to test the efficiency of IGF-1 in the medication for experimental colitis. IGF-1 treatment of rats with DSS-induced colitis has a beneficial effect on the following circulating biochemical parameters: glucose, albumin, and total protein levels. In this experimental group we also observed healthy maintenance of colon size, body weight, and lean mass in comparison with the DSS-only group. Histological analysis revealed restoration of the mucosal barrier with the IGF-1 treatment, which was characterized by healthy quantities of mucin production, structural maintenance of adherers junctions (AJs), recuperation of E-cadherin and ß-catenin levels and decrease in infiltrating immune cells and in metalloproteinase-2 levels. The experimentally induced colitis caused activation of apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, and PARP and decreases cell-cycle checkpoint activators including phosphorylated Rb, cyclin E, and E2F1. The IGF-1 treatment inhibited cyclin E depletion and partially protects PARP levels. The beneficial effects of IGF-1 in experimental colitis could be explained by a re-sensitization of the IGF-1/IRS-1/AKT cascade to exogenous IGF-1. Given these results, we postulate that IGF-1 treatment of IBD patients could prove to be successful in reducing disease pathology. © 2021 The Author

Prevalence of celiac disease in multiple sclerosis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Celiac disease (CD) is a common systemic disease related to a permanent intolerance to gluten and is often associated with different autoimmune and neurological diseases. Its mean prevalence in the general population is 1-2% worldwide. Our aim was to study the prevalence of celiac disease in a prospective series of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients and their first-degree relatives.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We analyzed the prevalence of serological, histological and genetic CD markers in a series of 72 MS patients and in their 126 first-degree relatives, compared to 123 healthy controls.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Tissue IgA-anti-transglutaminase-2 antibodies were positive in 7 MS patients (10%), compared to 3 healthy controls (2.4%) (p < 0.05). OR: 5.33 (CI-95%: 1.074-26.425). No differences were found in HLA-DQ2 markers between MS patients (29%) and controls (26%) (NS).</p> <p>We detected mild or moderate villous atrophy (Marsh III type) in duodenal biopsies, in 8 MS patients (11.1%). We also found a high proportion of CD among first-degree relatives: 23/126 (32%). Several associated diseases were detected, mainly dermatitis 41 (57%) and iron deficiency anemia in 28 (39%) MS patients. We also found in them, an increased frequency of circulating auto-antibodies such as anti-TPO in 19 (26%), ANA in 11 (15%) and AMA in 2 (3%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We have found an increased prevalence of CD in 8 of the 72 MS patients (11.1%) and also in their first-degree relatives (23/126 [32%]). Therefore, increased efforts aimed at the early detection and dietary treatment of CD, among antibody-positive MS patients, are advisable.</p

Molecular Characterization of the Lipid Genome-Wide Association Study Signal on Chromosome 18q11.2 Implicates HNF4A-Mediated Regulation of the TMEM241 GeneHighlights

We recently identified a locus on chromosome 18q11.2 for high serum triglycerides (TGs) in Mexicans. We hypothesize that the lead GWAS single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9949617, or its linkage disequilibrium (LD) proxies, regulate one of the 5 genes in the TG-associated region

Countdown to 2015 country case studies: what can analysis of national health financing contribute to understanding MDG 4 and 5 progress?

Background: Countdown to 2015 (Countdown) supported countries to produce case studies that examine how and why progress was made toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5. Analysing how health-financing data explains improvements in RMNCH outcomes was one of the components to the case studies. Methods: This paper presents a descriptive analysis on health financing from six Countdown case studies (Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Malawi, Pakistan, Peru, and Tanzania), supplemented by additional data from global databases and country reports on macroeconomic, health financing, demographic, and RMNCH outcome data as needed. It also examines the effect of other contextual factors presented in the case studies to help interpret health-financing data. Results: Dramatic increases in health funding occurred since 2000, where the MDG agenda encouraged countries and donors to invest more resources on health. Most low-income countries relied on external support to increase health spending, with an average 20–64 % of total health spending from 2000 onwards. Middle-income countries relied more on government and household spending. RMNCH funding also increased since 2000, with an average increase of 119 % (2005–2010) for RMNH expenditures (2005–2010) and 165 % for CH expenditures (2005–2011). Progress was made, especially achieving MDG 4, even with low per capita spending; ranging from US$16 to US$44 per child under 5 years among low-income countries. Improvements in distal factors were noted during the time frame of the analysis, including rapid economic growth in Ethiopia, Peru, and Tanzania and improvements in female literacy as documented in Malawi, which are also likely to have contributed to MDG progress and achievements. Conclusions: Increases in health and RMNCH funding accompanied improvements in outcomes, though low-income countries are still very reliant on external financing, and out-of-pocket comprising a growing share of funds in middle-income settings. Enhancements in tracking RMNCH expenditures across countries are still needed to better understand whether domestic and global health financing initiatives lead to improved outcomes as RMNCH continues to be a priority under the Sustainable Development Goals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3403-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users