Differential transformation method (DTM) for solving SIS and SI epidemic models

In this paper, the differential transformation method (DTM) is employed to find the semi-analytical solutions of SIS and SI epidemic models for constant population. Firstly, the theoretical background of DTM is studied and followed by constructing the solutions of SIS and SI epidemic models. Furthermore, the convergence analysis of DTM is proven by proposing two theorems. Finally, numerical computations are made and compared with the exact solutions. From the numerical results, the solutions produced by DTM approach the exact solutions which agreed with the proposed theorems. It can be seen that the DTM is an alternative technique to be considered in solving many practical problems involving differential equations

The Role of Tourism in Reducing the Rate of Unemployment in Touristic Professional Institutions in Jordan (From the point of view of workers in the tourism sector)

The study focuses on unemployment and its concern at the local and international levels,one should look at the causes and factors that lead our societies towards the accumulation of youth without work and the waste of energies, especially as young people are the source of the strength of society and the measure of its growth, progress and prosperity. The study aims to draw conclusions that help to identify and understand tourism and its role in reducing the unemployment rate. The study found that there is a statistically significant impact of touristic education in reducing the unemployment rate, except that there are not enough training institutes in tourism education to qualify graduates to work in the touristic professional organizations. There is a statistically significant impact of the nature of work in touristic professional organizations in reducing the unemployment rate, although the wages of employees are not commensurate with the nature of their work and their productivity, and there is a statistically significant impact of the proficiency of languages and its importance to work in tourism sector in reducing the unemployment rate. The study recommended that there is a need to provide specialized institutes in tourism education to qualify more graduates from youth category to work in touristic professional organizations to reduce the unemployment rate and to improve the wages of employees to be commensurate with the nature of their work and their productivity in touristic professional organizations. Moreover it is recommended to motivate the employees by providing a range of job incentives so that the country's citizens will be able to work in touristic professions. Keyword: Tourism, Unemployment, Touristic, worker

Citizens and Their Vision to Invest in Tourism in Jordan

The main objective of this study is to examine citizens' perceptions of tourism investment in Jordan, because of its diversity of tourism to achieve the objectives of economic and social development of tourism investment in Jordan.The study reached a number of results, the most important of which is that there are statistically significant differences between the achievement of profits and the impact on tourism investment in Jordan. There are statistically significant differences between the governmental procedures and the impact on tourism investment in Jordan. Jordan.The study recommended a number of recommendations, the most important of which are the establishment of specialized advisory centers in the field of supporting and encouraging tourism investment, establishing business incubators for tourism projects, stimulating the private sector to invest in tourism projects, and encouraging investment in tourism through the provision of easy and long Keywords: Citizens, investment, tourism, governmental

Designing a Unit in the Science Curriculum to Develop Problem – Solving Skills among Eighth grade Students in Jordan

This study identified the impact of designing a unit in the science curriculum to develop the skills of problem-solving among eighth-grade students in Jordan. The study used the experimental design and built a problem-solving scale after ensuring its validity and reliability. The sample of the study included 86 students from schools in Southern Mazar District, Jordan, for the academic year 2019/2020. The sample was assigned to two groups randomly, an experimental group and a control group. The study used statistical analysis to analyze the collected data. The results revealed the presence of significant differences between the performance of both groups, as the experimental group outperformed the control group. It was noticed that the experimental group increased their skills in problem-solving. The study recommended that the new developed unit to be adopted in the science curriculum. It was also recommended to conduct other studies using different variables and on other samples

The Licensing of Negative Sensitive Items in Jordanian Arabic

This study investigates the licensing conditions on Negative Sensitive Items (NSIs) in Jordanian Arabic (JA). JA exhibits both types of NSIs that are discussed in the literature: Negative Polarity Items (NPIs) and Negative Concord Items (NCIs). Although these two sets of items seem to form a natural class in the sense that they show certain sensitivity to negation, they display important distributional differences that call for different analyses. First, NCIs can sometimes express negation on their own as in fragment answers; whereas NPIs cannot do so. Second, the licensing of NCIs is clause-bound; whereas the licensing of NPIs is not. Third, NPIs are acceptable in a number of contexts that do not involve overt negation; whereas NCIs are acceptable in only a subset of these contexts, namely without-clauses and before-clauses. The licensing of NPIs and NCIs in JA is discussed in light of previous theories that are mainly based on the distribution of these items in English and European languages. The investigation of NPI licensing in JA shows that the distribution of these items can best be captured by the semantic notion of (Non-)veridicality (Giannakidou 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2011). Data from JA show that NPIs in the language need to be in the c-command domain of a non-veridical function at LF as proposed by the (Non)-veridicality Approach. The investigation of NCI licensing in JA shows that none of the NCI licensing theories previously proposed in the literature extends to JA. Alternatively, an account is proposed that is basically a crucial modification of the Non-negative Indefinites Approach (Zeijlstra 2004, 2008; Penka 2007, 2011) which takes Negative Concord to be a manifestation of syntactic agreement between an NCI and a semantic negation in the clause, where syntactic agreement is defined in terms of feature checking following recent assumptions within Minimalism (Chomsky 1995, 1998, 2000, 2001). I argue that NCIs are non-negative indefinites that are endowed with an [uNEG]-feature that needs to be checked against an [iNEG]-feature of a semantic negation that can be either overt or abstract in the clause. I also propose that Spec-head agreement and Head complement agreement exist side by side with c-command as licensing configurations for NCIs. I further argue that the level of representation at which NCI licensing takes place is not the same among all NCIs: while some NCIs are licensed at LF, other NCIs are licensed in the surface syntax. I show that this alternative account can capture the distribution of NCIs in JA. I also show that this account extends to NCIs in other languages such as Moroccan Arabic, Polish, and Spanish and is thus supported cross-linguistically

Designing a unit in the science curriculum to develop problem-solving skills among Eighth grade students in Jordan

This study identified the impact of designing a unit in the science curriculum to develop the skills of problem-solving among eighth-grade students in Jordan. The study used the experimental design and built a problem-solving scale after ensuring its validity and reliability. The sample of the study included 86 students from schools in Southern Mazar District, Jordan, for the academic year 2019/2020. The sample was assigned to two groups randomly, an experimental group and a control group. The study used statistical analysis to analyze the collected data. The results revealed the presence of significant differences between the performance of both groups, as the experimental group outperformed the control group. It was noticed that the experimental group increased their skills in problem-solving. The study recommended that the new developed unit to be adopted in the science curriculum. It was also recommended to conduct other studies using different variables and on other samples

Global shocks and their impact on Nigeria: Lessons from global Financial crisis.

Developed a-five variable VAR model of the Nigeria economy for period 1970 – 2010, the study tested the general wisdom, ―Global financial crisis does not impact on Nigeria economy‖. Data were mainly sourced from both the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and the publication of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) tests were used in testing the null hypothesis that there is a unit root in the time series of interest. The variables considered were (1) log of GDP (2) log of FDI (3) log of REM (4) EXR and (5) CPI. Impulse-response functions were employed to examine the recovery from shocks makes full use of the within-country variation. We introduced the constant term and two lagged values of each variable in each equation and found that the impact of financial crisis on Nigeria was possible through financial links, trade links, remittances and other capital flows.This implies that the common believe about the Nigeria economy that global shocks through financial crisis does not have any impact is not quite accurate, for initially the global shocks made unstable the Nigerian economy through the macroeconomic variables understudied although after the initial instability resulting from the global shocks, the Nigeria economy then dependent less on fluctuations in the global economic crisis. We on that premise opined that the crisis presented an opportunity for Nigeria to unbalance the Nigeria economy by concentrate on leading sectors like power, education, agriculture so that the development of these sector can bring about a locomotive growth and results in balanced sector in the long run

Towards Sustainable Documentation of Geographical Names of Touristic and Heritage Sites in Occupied Jerusalem Using Geographical Information System (GIS)

Geographical Information System (GIS) is an important tool in documenting and managing archaeological and heritage sites in the city of Jerusalem in order to benefit from its high capabilities in monitoring, documentation, analysis, presentation and other capabilities required by the documentation of archaeological and heritage sites in Jerusalem with their Arabic names, which deal with large amounts of spatial and descriptive data, also to maximize the use of spatial data collected on archaeological and heritage sites in Jerusalem, and the conversion of geographical databases electronically, which allows more than one user or management access to data and modifying it simultaneously, which saves a lot of time, effort and cost in medium to long term, giving later a wide horizon for disseminating data and designing practical applications, and contributing to the electronic and comprehensive documentation processes of archaeological and heritage sites in the city of Jerusalem in a sustainable manner. The study has concluded that it is important to adopt modern technology systems in documenting Arabic names of heritage sites in order to preserve these names for future generations and to resist the Judaization and preservation of these names over time. Moreover, this study recommended to adopt the proposed documentation system and to expand the processes of building electronic databases to Jerusalem and other Palestinian cities in order to sustainably protect it based on scientific foundations that contribute in providing the electronic database. Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), Logical Model, Physical Model, (RS) Remote Sensing), occupied Jerusalem.

The Implication of IFRS Financial Instruments Disclosure on Value Relevance

The main objective of this research is to examine the effects of financial instruments declared under IFRSs on value relevance over thirteen years. The research sample included 35 European enterprises that were listed on the main market of the London Stock Exchange from 2007 to 2019. This study focuses on the adoption of IFRS.7 and IAS.32 disclosure standards, in line with previous studies. The Ohlson model (1995) was utilised in the study to evaluate the dependent variable since it is the module used most often in determining value relevance. The findings indicated that financial knowledge about financial instruments (FI) was typically valuable throughout the research. In addition, the significance of financial instruments and other disclosures when examining sub-components were not valued as relevant but rather provided information regarding the kind and level of exposure to FI risks. Furthermore, the earnings and book value of the common equity have a favourable impact on the value relevance. Hence, the key contributions of this study went beyond enriching the body of literature to make recommendations regarding the most influential determinant among financial instrument items that positively enhance value relevance