What is the right sequencing approach? Solo VS extended family analysis in consanguineous populations.

Testing strategies is crucial for genetics clinics and testing laboratories. In this study, we tried to compare the hit rate between solo and trio and trio plus testing and between trio and sibship testing. Finally, we studied the impact of extended family analysis, mainly in complex and unsolved cases. Three cohorts were used for this analysis: one cohort to assess the hit rate between solo, trio and trio plus testing, another cohort to examine the impact of the testing strategy of sibship genome vs trio-based analysis, and a third cohort to test the impact of an extended family analysis of up to eight family members to lower the number of candidate variants. The hit rates in solo, trio and trio plus testing were 39, 40, and 41%, respectively. The total number of candidate variants in the sibship testing strategy was 117 variants compared to 59 variants in the trio-based analysis. We noticed that the average number of coding candidate variants in trio-based analysis was 1192 variants and 26,454 noncoding variants, and this number was lowered by 50-75% after adding additional family members, with up to two coding and 66 noncoding homozygous variants only, in families with eight family members. There was no difference in the hit rate between solo and extended family members. Trio-based analysis was a better approach than sibship testing, even in a consanguineous population. Finally, each additional family member helped to narrow down the number of variants by 50-75%. Our findings could help clinicians, researchers and testing laboratories select the most cost-effective and appropriate sequencing approach for their patients. Furthermore, using extended family analysis is a very useful tool for complex cases with novel genes

The Objectivity of the Two Main Academic Approaches of Translation Quality Assessment: Arab Spring Presidential Speeches as a Case Study

Translation quality assessment (TQA) is a controversial area in Translation Studies. Scholars attribute this to the subjective nature of quality, believed to result from the multiplicity of assessment criteria. However, the literature review reveals that translation scholars attribute different reasons to the decreased level of objectivity in current TQA practices. This study hypothesises that although subjectivity in TQA cannot be eliminated, it can be reduced to a more acceptable level if quality assessment adopts the criteria believed by translation scholars to lend more objectivity to the assessment. The most common approaches used in TQA are either based on error analysis or holistic assessment. As both approaches promise to be objective, this study empirically investigates the differences in the applicability of each with regards to the objectivity criteria proposed by specialists in the field. To this end, four Arab Spring presidential speeches selected for the purpose of this study are assessed by both approaches. Contrastive analysis of these speeches is carried out in order to identify how each approach reduces the subjectivity inherent to TQA. Furthermore, the error analysis model employed in this study is adapted from the theory of textuality proposed by Beaugrande and Dressler in 1981. Given that the seven standards in the original model do not encompass all the elements of the source text language (Arabic), amending the original model is necessary. In examining the applicability of the proposed adapted model as one that aids translators and evaluators with the assessment of Arabic-English translations, this study resulted in introducing new criteria of assessment in the standards of cohesion, coherence and informativity. This study also contributes to the field by empirically examining the differences between the outcome of the application of the two main approaches of translation quality assessment, i.e., error analysis approach and holistic approach; and identifying how each method reduces the level of subjectivity to quality assessment

L’ argumentation dans Le Mythe de Sisyphe d’Albert Camus

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the argumentative path adopted by Albert Camus in Le Mythe de Sisyphe, more precisely in a chapter indicated below with the same title. The analysis is intended to be linguistic and to follow the pragmatic perspective. Some questions will be raised, mostly relating to the argumentative approach (illustrated by the means implemented, the aim of the argumentator, the expected perlocutionary effect) and a final question will relate to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the argumentative enterprise of the author.L’objet de cet article est de décrire et d’analyser le cheminement argumentatif adopté par Albert Camus dans Le Mythe de Sisyphe, plus précisément dans un chapitre indiqué infra portant le même titre. L’analyse se veut linguistique et la perspective pragmatique. Certaines questions seront soulevées, relatives pour la plupart à la démarche argumentative (illustrée par les moyens mis en œuvre, la visée de l’argumentateur, l’effet perlocutoire escompté) et une question finale portera sur l’efficacité ou la non efficacité de l’entreprise argumentative de l’auteur.L’objet de cet article est de décrire et d’analyser le cheminement argumentatif adopté par Albert Camus dans Le Mythe de Sisyphe, plus précisément dans un chapitre indiqué infra portant le même titre. L’analyse se veut linguistique et la perspective pragmatique. Certaines questions seront soulevées, relatives pour la plupart à la démarche argumentative (illustrée par les moyens mis en œuvre, la visée de l’argumentateur, l’effet perlocutoire escompté) et une question finale portera sur l’efficacité ou la non efficacité de l’entreprise argumentative de l’auteur

The argument in <i>Le Mythe de Sisyphe</i> by Albert Camus

L’objet de cet article est de décrire et d’analyser le cheminement argumentatif adopté par Albert Camus dans Le Mythe de Sisyphe, plus précisément dans un chapitre indiqué infra portant le même titre. L’analyse se veut linguistique et la perspective pragmatique. Certaines questions seront soulevées, relatives pour la plupart à la démarche argumentative (illustrée par les moyens mis en oeuvre, la visée de l’argumentateur, l’effet perlocutoire escompté) et une question finale portera sur l’efficacité ou la non efficacité de l’entreprise argumentative de l’auteur.The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the argumentative path adopted by Albert Camus in Le Mythe de Sisyphe, more precisely in a chapter indicated below with the same title. The analysis is intended to be linguistic and to follow the pragmatic perspective. Some questions will be raised, mostly relating to the argumentative approach (illustrated by the means implemented, the aim of the argumentator, the expected perlocutionary effect) and a final question will relate to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the argumentative enterprise of the author.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

The Perceptions of Nurses and Nursing Students Regarding Family Involvement in the Care of Hospitalized Adult Patients

Over the past few decades, there have been concerns regarding the humanization of healthcare and the involvement of family members in patients’ hospital care. The attitudes of hospitals toward welcoming families in this respect have improved. In Arab culture, the main core of society is considered to be the family, not the individual. The objective behind involving family in patient care is to meet patients’ support needs. Consequently, this involvement affects nurses and their attitudes toward the importance of family involvement in patient care. Objectives: To describe nurses’ and nursing students’ perceptions of family involvement in the care of hospitalized adult patients in Saudi Arabia. Design: This study used a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were collected using a convenience sampling survey via social media. Results: A total of 270 participants (staff and students) took part in this study, including 232 (85.9%) females and 38 (14.1%) males. Moreover, a high percentage of participants (78.8%) acknowledged that family presence strongly affected the improvement of the patient’s condition. However, 69.3% of participants thought that involving family members during special care processes or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would be traumatizing for these individuals. Moreover, there was a significant diffidence between the attitudes of the nurses and nursing students toward family involvement and the number of years of employment (F = 3.60, p &lt; 0.05). On the contrary, there were insignificant differences between the attitudes of the nurses and nursing students toward family involvement and their gender, nationality, age, education level, and years of work experience in Saudi Arabia (p &gt; 0.05). Furthermore, the regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between nurses’ years of employment and their support of family involvement in patient care (ß = −0.20, SE = 0.08, t = −2.70, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Nurses with more experience showed no support for family involvement in patient care. We have to consider the clinical barriers that affect nurses’ support for family involvement in patient-centered care, such as hospital polices, guidelines, and the model used for family-centered care integration in the hospital system to facilitate the interaction between healthcare providers and family members

The Association between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Protein Level and Body Mass Index

Background and Objectives: Obesity is a major health concern worldwide. Many studies emphasize the important role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in regulating appetite and body weight. We aimed to investigate the association between BDNF protein serum levels and body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 108 healthy adult participants divided into six categories depending on their body mass index (BMI). The ages of the participants ranged between 21 to 45 years. The BDNF serum level was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: A Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference in BDNF between the different BMI categories, χ2(2) = 24.201, p p p Conclusions: In this study, our data support the hypothesis that low serum levels of BDNF are associated with high BMI and obesity in Saudi adults

Synthesis of PS/RB-Cs and its use in the treatment of water polluted with heavy metals

Polystyrene waste are non-biodegradable materials that causes harm to the environment. Red brick waste resulting from demolition and reconstruction are an obstacle to its disposal. To solve this problem and meet modern sustainability standards, this study utilized polystyrene (PS) foam and red brick construction waste to prepare composite materials (PS/RB-Cs) as a new efficient adsorbent. The PS/RB-Cs composite as an adsorbent was characterized using a UV–Vis Spectrophotometer, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which showed a clear spectrum shift after using PS/RB-Cs as an adsorbent. The PS/RB-Cs was characterized by a porous structure with higher surface area and high stability. The efficiency of the PS/RB-Cs in treating water contaminated with heavy metals such as cobalt and nickel was verified under different initial concentrations, temperatures, doses, pH, and contact times. The experimental qe values were consistent with the qe calculated values and were approximately 8 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm models showed that the adsorption results fit the Langmuir, Freundlich and Flory-Huggins isotherm models and that the process was favorable. By applying pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic models, the adsorption process was found to follow PSO. The findings of this research validated that the composite material that was prepared serves as a potent adsorbent for the treatment of water that has been polluted by heavy metals

Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Wheat Cultivars through Nano-ZnO Priming by Improving Leaf Pigments and Antioxidant Activity

Climate change, global warming, stagnant productivity of wheat and food security concerns owing to frequent spells of drought stress (DS) have necessitated finding biologically viable drought-mitigation strategies. A trial was conducted to test two promising wheat cultivars (Ujala-16 and Zincol-16) that were subjected to pre-sowing priming treatments with different doses of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs = 40, 80, 120 and 160 ppm) under 50% and 100% field capacity (FC) conditions. The ZnO NPs were prepared with a co-precipitation method and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). For comparison purposes, untreated seeds were sown as the control treatment. The response variables included botanical traits (lengths, fresh and dry wrights of root and shoot), chlorophyll (a, b and total) contents, antioxidant and proline contents and nutrients status of wheat cultivars. The results showed that DS significantly decreased all traits of wheat cultivars, while ZnO NPs, especially the 120 ppm dose, remained superior by increasing all botanical traits at 100% FC. In addition, ZnO NPs increased the chlorophyll a (1.73 mg/g FW in Ujala-16 and 1.75 mg/g FW in Zincole-16) b (0.70 mg/g FW in Ujala-16 and 0.71 mg/g FW in Zincole-16) and total chlorophyll content (2.43 mg/g FW in Ujala-16 and 2.46 mg/g FW in Zincole-16) by improving the activity of antioxidant and proline content. Moreover, plant nutrients such as Ca, Mg, Fe, N, P, K, and Zn contents were increased by ZnO NPs, especially in the Zincol-16 cultivar. To summarize, Zincol-16 remains superior to Ujala-16, while ZnO NPs (120 ppm dose under 100% FC) increases the growth and mineral contents of both wheat varieties. Thus, this combination might be recommended to wheat growers after testing further in-depth evaluation of more doses of ZnO NPs

Exploring interprofessional communication and collaboration among pharmacists, nurses, and laboratories enhancing patient safety and healthcare outcomes

Background: The efficiency of healthcare delivery is closely connected to the quality of interprofessional communication and cooperation among healthcare workers. The purpose of this research is to examine the diverse effects of interprofessional cooperation including pharmacists, nurses, and laboratory experts on patient safety and healthcare outcomes. Aim: This extensive study aims to consolidate current literature, empirical data, and theoretical models to provide a clear comprehension of the importance of efficient interprofessional communication and cooperation in healthcare environments. The objective of the evaluation is to assess the influence of cohesive teamwork, communication, and cooperation among healthcare professionals on several aspects of healthcare, including patient safety, medication management, care coordination, diagnostic accuracy, and overall healthcare quality. Method: A methodical search technique was used to locate relevant studies in electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria include research that provide insights into the influence of interprofessional cooperation on patient safety, healthcare outcomes, and the involvement of pharmacists, nurses, and laboratory experts in improving healthcare delivery. Results: The analysis emphasizes the crucial significance of pharmacists, nurses, and laboratory experts in improving patient safety and healthcare results by means of efficient interprofessional communication and cooperation.