Diagnóstico de la cepa evf. como virus de la estomatitis vesiculosa

Introducción; Historia; Epizoología; Agente causal; Inmunidad; Diagnóstico diferencial; Experimentación; Técnica usada; Preparación del inocolum; Técnica de inoculación; Inoculación de animales de laboratorio; Inoculación de especies grandes; Grupo de bovinos intradérmico-bucal; Bovinos intravenoso e intramuscular; Resultado comparativo de los dos grupos anteriores; Grupo ovino intradérmico; Grupo ovino intravenoso e intramuscular; Resultado comparativo entre los dos grupos anteriores; Grupo equino; Grupo suinos; Discusión; Conclusiones; Estudios posteriores necesarios.  Tablas: Presentación del % de incidencia; susceptibilidad de las diferentes especies de la fiebre aftosa, la estomatitis vesiculosa y el exantema vesiculoso del cerdo.Diagramas: Grupo suínos intradérmico; grupo bovínos intradérmico; Grupos bovinos vías intramuscular y venosa; Grupo ovinos; Gupo equinos

Physicochemical behavior of Riesling x Silvaner grapevine fruit under the high altitude conditions of Colombia (South America)

The Valle del Sol (Sun Valley) of the Boyacá department is a zone with temperate tropical climate conditions (2,500 m above sea level) that is suitable for the production of grapes for quality wine. The objective of this investigation was to study the physical and chemical behavior during growth and development of the grapevine fruit var. Riesling x Silvaner, produced for winemaking, in the municipality of Corrales (Boyacá, Colombia). To determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruit starting at 28 days after anthesis (daa), 14 weekly samplings were carried out, in each of which three clusters were taken from randomly selected plants. The development of the berry lasted 119 daa in which three stages were defi ned: herbaceous, veraison and maturation1. The herbaceous stage ended at 63 daa, the veraison period lasted 14 days and ended at 77 daa, whereas the maturation and ripening stage lasted 42 days; no period of overmaturity was observed. The behavior of the fresh mass, dry mass and diameter of the fruit followed a double sigmoid curve. During berry development, total soluble solids (from 5.03 to 23.73 °Brix at the harvest point), pH (from 2.88 to 3.71) and technological maturity index (from 2.27 to 21.84) all increased, whereas total titratable acidity decreased from 3.96 to 1.11%

Engaging with civil society to improve access to LTBI screening for new migrants in England: a qualitative study

SETTING: The latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) programme in England, UK, offers testing and treatment to new migrants from high tuberculosis incidence countries. However, the rates of LTBI testing, treatment acceptance and completion are suboptimal and appropriate access should be improved. OBJECTIVE: To gain insight from the community, community-based organisations (CBOs) and public sector stakeholders on interventions that facilitate collaboration to improve health care outreach and delivery. DESIGN: Three stakeholder meetings and five focus group discussions were held using thematic analysis to identify themes arising from participants' perspectives. RESULTS: Four overarching themes emerged from the discussions. These were related to capacity of service providers, collaboration between stakeholders, migrant cultures and trust between migrants and service providers, and highlighted the complementary skill sets that different sectors bring to the collaboration, as well as the barriers that need to be surmounted. Stigma could be reduced by making LTBI testing routine. Community members could act as champions of health promotion to raise awareness on LTBI testing, and provide a bridge between communities and primary care services. CONCLUSION: Public service providers, community members and CBOs are willing to collaborate to support primary care delivery of testing for LTBI and other communicable and non-communicable diseases. Policy and commissioning support are needed to facilitate this collaboration

EXTRACCIÓN DE COLORANTE EN POLVO A PARTIR DE LA SEMILLA DE AGUACATE EN VARIEDADES HASS Y FUERTE

Colombia actualmente es un gran productor de aguacate, el cual tiene varias formas de uso, de las que se obtienen residuos como la cascara y la semilla, pero se desea destacar esta última, ya que posee propiedades farmacológicas debido a la presencia de ácidos grasos, compuestos polifenólicos y esteroles, y ha sido utilizada contra padecimientos de dolores musculares. Entre los usos no medicinales se puede señalar el empleo de la semilla en forma de jugo para marcar la ropa en vista de la oxidación que sufre este producto por la acción del aire. Por tal razón el objetivo de esta investigación es elaborar un colorante en polvo aprovechando un residuo agroindustrial como lo es la semilla del aguacate, la cual es una alternativa ante colorantes artificiales que son contaminantes. Para la obtención del colorante fue necesario llevar a cabo la siguiente metodología: obtención de la semilla, troceado y secado, molienda, extracción del pigmento, evaporación, liofilización y una prueba de FTIR. A partir de la anterior metodología se obtuvieron tonalidades distintas para las variedades Hass y Fuerte y con la prueba FTIR se logró conocer los metabolitos presentes en las muestras de colorantes y en la semilla molida de forma nativa. Los grupos funcionales predominantes según las sugerencias dadas por las tablas de acuerdo con las longitudes de onda son el carboxilo (C-O), hidroxilo (O-H) y alquilo (C-H). Por sus propiedades el colorante puede ser usado en la industria alimentaria, textil y en la industria farmacéutica, según la tonalidad

Widely Tunable Berry curvature in the Magnetic Semimetal Cr1+dTe2

Magnetic semimetals have increasingly emerged as lucrative platforms hosting spin-based topological phenomena in real and momentum spaces. Of particular interest is the emergence of Berry curvature, whose geometric origin, accessibility from Hall transport experiments, and material tunability, bodes well for new physics and practical devices. Cr1+dTe2, a self-intercalated magnetic transition metal dichalcogenide, TMD, exhibits attractive natural attributes relevant to such applications, including topological magnetism, tunable electron filling, magnetic frustration etc. While recent studies have explored real-space Berry curvature effects in this material, similar considerations of momentum-space Berry curvature are lacking. Here, we systematically investigate the electronic structure and transport properties of epitaxial Cr1+dTe2 thin films over a wide range of doping, d between 0.33 and 0.71. Spectroscopic experiments reveal the presence of a characteristic semi-metallic band region near the Brillouin Zone edge, which shows a rigid band like energy shift as a function of d. Transport experiments show that the intrinsic component of the anomalous Hall effect, AHE, is sizable, and undergoes a sign flip across d. Finally, density functional theory calculations establish a causal link between the observed doping evolution of the band structure and AHE: the AHE sign flip is shown to emerge from the sign change of the Berry curvature, as the semi-metallic band region crosses the Fermi energy. Our findings underscore the increasing relevance of momentum-space Berry curvature in magnetic TMDs and provide a unique platform for intertwining topological physics in real and momentum spaces

Branched chain amino acids are associated with metabolic complications in liver transplant recipients

Background: Obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute substantially to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). Elevated plasma branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are linked to metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles in several non-OLTx populations. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of liver transplant recipients from TransplantLines, a single-center biobank and cohort study. BCAA plasma levels were measured by means of nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CVD and cardiometabolic factors were collected by using data from electronic patient records. Associations were determined between BCAA plasma levels and T2D, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), CVD as well as mTOR inhibition in liver transplant recipients. Results: 336 Patients were divided into sex-stratified tertiles of total BCAA. MetS (P &lt; 0.001) and T2D (P = 0.002) were significantly more frequent in subjects in the highest BCAA tertile. In logistic regression analyses, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) per 1 standard deviation increase in BCAA was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.18–2.20, P = 0.003) for MetS and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.14–2.23, P = 0.006) for T2D. Use of Sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) was significantly associated with higher BCAA plasma levels, independent of age, sex, time after OLTx, MetS and other immunosuppressive medication (adjusted P = 0.002). Conclusion: Elevated BCAA plasma levels are associated with T2D, MetS and use of Sirolimus in liver transplant recipients. BCAA plasma levels may represent a valuable biomarker for cardiometabolic complications after OLTx.</p

A Novel Reading Scheme for Assessing the Extent of Radiographic Abnormalities and Its Association with Disease Severity in Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis: An Observational Study in Hyderabad/India.

Existing reading schemes for chest X-ray (CXR) used to grade the extent of disease severity at diagnosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are often based on numerical scores that summate specific radiographic features. However, since PTB is known to exhibit a wide heterogeneity in pathology, certain features might be differentially associated with clinical parameters of disease severity.We aimed to grade disease severity in PTB patients at diagnosis and after completion of DOTS treatment by developing a reading scheme based on five different radiographic manifestations and analyze their association with the clinical parameters of systemic involvement and infectivity.141 HIV-negative adults with newly diagnosed sputum smear-positive PTB were enrolled in a prospective observational study in Hyderabad, India. The presence and extent on CXRs of five radiographic manifestations, i.e., lung involvement, alveolar infiltration, cavitation, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion, were classified using the new reading scheme by using a four-quadrant approach. We evaluated the inter-reader reliability of each manifestation, and its association with BMI and sputum smear positivity at diagnosis. The presence and extent of these radiographic manifestations were further compared with CXRs on completion of DOTS treatment.At diagnosis, an average lung area of 51.7% +/- 23.3% was affected by radiographic abnormalities. 94% of the patients had alveolar infiltrates, with 89.4% located in the upper quadrants, suggesting post primary PTB and in 34.8% of patients cavities were found. We further showed that the extent of affected lung area was a negative predictor of BMI (β value -0.035, p 0.019). No significant association of BMI with any of the other CXR features was found. The extent of alveolar infiltrates, along with the presence of cavitation, were strongly associated with sputum smear positivity. The microbiological cure rate in our cohort after 6 months of DOTS treatment was 95%. The extent of the affected lung area in these patients decreased from 56.0% +/- 21.5% to 31.0 +/- 20% and a decrease was also observed in the extent of alveolar infiltrates from 98.4% to 25.8% in at least one quadrant, presence of cavities from 34.8% to 1.6%, lymphadenopathy from 46.8% to 16.1%, and pleural effusion from 19.4% to 6.5%.We established a new assessment scheme for grading disease severity in PTB by specifically considering five radiographic manifestations which were differently associated with the BMI and sputum smear positivity, changed to a different extent after 6 months of treatment and exhibited an excellent agreement between radiologists. Our results suggest that this reading scheme might contribute to the estimation of disease severity with respect to differences in disease pathology. Further studies are needed to determine a correlation with short and long-term pulmonary function impairment and whether there would be any benefit in lengthening or modulating therapy based on this CXR severity assessment

Branched Chain Amino Acids are associated with Metabolic Complications in Liver Transplant Recipients

BACKGROUND: Obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute substantially to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). Elevated plasma branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are linked to metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles in several non-OLTx populations. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of liver transplant recipients from TransplantLines, a single-center biobank and cohort study. BCAA plasma levels were measured by means of nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CVD and cardiometabolic factors were collected by using data from electronic patient records. Associations were determined between BCAA plasma levels and T2D, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), CVD as well as mTOR inhibition in liver transplant recipients. RESULTS: 336 Patients were divided into sex-stratified tertiles of total BCAA. MetS (P<0.001) and T2D (P=0.002) were significantly more frequent in subjects in the highest BCAA tertile. In logistic regression analyses, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) per 1 standard deviation increase in BCAA was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.18-2.20, P=0.003) for MetS and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.14-2.23, P=0.006) for T2D. Use of Sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) was significantly associated with higher BCAA plasma levels, independent of age, sex, time after OLTx, MetS and other immunosuppressive medication (adjusted P=0.002). CONCLUSION: Elevated BCAA plasma levels are associated with T2D, MetS and use of Sirolimus in liver transplant recipients. BCAA plasma levels may represent a valuable biomarker for cardiometabolic complications after OLTx

Determinación coprológica de la parasitofauna en cerdos criollos (Sus scrofa domestica) en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

  The objective of the research was to determine the parasitic fauna in Colombian creole pigs reared outdoors in the department of Cordoba, Colombia. The study was conducted on 62 farms, examining a total of 166 samples using the technique of flotation and McMaster. The found results demonstrate the presence of 10 genera of nematodes, one of protozoa and one of acanthocephalan. It is to emphasize the absence of tapeworms and flukes in the study. Regarding the age of the animals, increased frequency of gastrointestinal parasites in young animals relative to adult animals was found. These infections by coccidia and nematodes can be considered as a problem of medical and economic importance should be subject to greater attention for its control since they act as constraints on production systems, being associated to losses and delays in production and profitability herds.  El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la fauna parasitaria en Cerdos Criollos Colombianos criados al aire libre en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. El estudio se llevó a cabo en 62 predios, examinando un total de 166 muestras haciendo uso de la técnica de Flotación. Los resultados hallados demuestran la presencia de 10 géneros de nematodos, uno de protozoos y uno de acantocéfalo. Se ha de destacar la ausencia de cestodos y trematodos en el estudio. En relación a la edad de los animales, se encontró mayor frecuencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en animales jóvenes en relación con los animales adultos. Estas infecciones por coccidias y nematodos pueden considerarse como un problema de importancia médica y económica que debe ser objeto de mayor atención para su control ya que actúan como limitantes en los sistemas de producción, siendo asociadas a pérdidas y retrasos en la producción y rentabilidad de las piaras