Relação entre ingestão alimentar de magnésio e cálcio e seus níveis séricos com a composição corporal, parâmetros metabólicos e dor em mulheres com fibromialgia

Orientador : Prof. Dr. César Luiz BoguszewskiCo-orientadores : Profª. Drª. Maria Eliana M. Schieferdecker e Prof. Dr. Eduardo dos Santos PaivaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Interna. Defesa : Curitiba, 29/05/2015Inclui referências : f. 34-42Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a ingestão alimentar de magnésio (Mg) e cálcio (Ca) e seus níveis séricos em mulheres com fibromialgia (FM), correlacionando com composição corporal, parâmetros metabólicos e dor. Pacientes e Metódos: Estudo transversal, comparado com grupo controle, pareado por idade e índice de massa corporal (IMC), com mulheres adultas diagnosticadas com fibromialgia. Os grupos do estudo foram submetidos à avaliação clínica e nutricional, incluindo limiar de percepção da dor e contagem do número de tender points (TP), questionário de impacto da FM (FIQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), e Registro Alimentar (RA) de 3 dias. Todas as participantes realizaram avaliação da composição corporal através de absorciometria por dupla emissão de raio X (DXA - equipamento Lunar Prodigy Advance DPX), e coletaram amostras de sangue para dosagens de Mg, Ca, Proteína C reativa (PCR), lipidograma e glicemia. Resultados: 53 mulheres com FM (idade média de 48,1 ± 8,2 anos e IMC médio 26,6 ± 4,5 kg/m²) e 50 mulheres controles (idade média de 47,1 ± 9,9 anos e IMC médio 25,6 ± 3,6 kg/m²) participaram do estudo. A ingestão de Mg e Ca foi significativamente menor nas mulheres com FM (p=0,03 e p=0,003 vs controles, respectivamente). Não houve diferença nos níveis séricos de Mg e Ca entre os grupos. O IMC apresentou correlação com os níveis séricos de Ca no grupo FM (r= 0,27; p=0,05) e com os níveis séricos de Mg no grupo controle (r=0,31; p=0,02). No grupo FM a ingestão de Mg e Ca apresentou correlação inversa com TP (r=-0,23; p=0,02 e r=-0,28; p=0,03, respectivamente), e correlação direta com o limiar da dor (r=0,25; p=0,01 e r=0,32; p=0,01, respectivamente). A PCR apresentou correlação inversa com o nível sérico de Mg (r=-0,29; p=0,03). No grupo FM houve correlação negativa entre o nível sérico de Ca e triglicerídeos (TG) (r= -0,29 p=0,03), e correlação positiva entre a ingestão de Mg e a glicemia (r=0,29 e p=0,03). No grupo controle houve correlação entre os níveis séricos de Mg e Ca com a glicemia (r=0,48; p=0,0004 e r=0,64; p=0,001, respectivamente). Conclusões: A ingestão de Mg e Ca foi menor nas mulheres com FM e relacionou-se com a dor. Nestas pacientes, a calcemia se associou positivamente com o IMC e TG, e a magnesemia inversamente com a PCR. Palavras-chave: Fibromialgia, magnésio, cálcio, composição corporal, lipidograma e glicemia.Abstract: Objective: To evaluate dietary intake and serum levels of magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) and their relation with body composition, metabolic parameters and pain in women with fibromyalgia (FM). Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional, case-control study, in adult women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The study groups underwent clinical and nutritional assessment, including pain threshold and number of tender points (TP), the FM impact questionnaire (FIQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), 3 days-Food Registry and body composition by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Lunar Prodigy Advance DPX). Fasting serum samples were collected for measurements of Mg, Ca, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and glucose. Results: 53 women with FM (age 48.1 ± 8.2 yr and BMI 26.6 ± 4.5 kg/m²) and 50 control women (age 47.1 ± 9.9 yr and BMI 25.6 ± 3.6 kg/m²) participated in the study. The intake of Ca and Mg was significantly smaller in women with FM (p = 0.03 and p = 0.003 vs. control, respectively). Serum Mg and Ca did not differ in the study groups. BMI correlated with serum levels of Ca in the FM group (r = 0.27; p = 0.05) and with Mg serum levels in the control group (r = 0.31; p = 0.02). In FM women, Mg and Ca intake was inversely correlated with TP (r = -0.23; p = 0.02 and r = -0.28; p = 0.03, respectively), and positively correlated to the pain threshold (r = 0.25; p = 0.01 and r = 0.32; p = 0.01, respectively). CRP showed an inverse correlation with serum Mg (r = -0.29; p = 0.03) and it was observed association of serum level of Ca and triglycerides (r = -0.29; p = 0.03) and of Mg intake and serum glucose (r = 0.29; p = 0.03). In the control group, blood levels of glucose correlated with Mg (r = 0.48; p = 0.0004) and Ca (r = 0.64; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Women with FM had lower intake of Mg and Ca, which were related to pain threshold, and showed a positive association between calcemia and BMI and triglycerides, and negative association between magnesemia and CRP. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, magnesium, calcium, body composition, lipid profile and blood glucose

Prandial correlations and structure of the ingestive behavior of pigs in precision feeding programs

The feeding behavior of growing-finishing pigs was analyzed to study prandial correlations and the probability of starting a new feeding event. The data were collected in real-time based on 157,632 visits by a group of 70 growing-finishing pigs (from 30.4 to 115.5 kg body weight, BW) to automatic feeders. The data were collected over 84 days, during which period the pigs were kept in conventional (by phase and by group) or precision (with daily and individual adjustments) feeding programs. A criterion to delimit each meal was then defined based on the probability of an animal starting a new feeding event within the next minute since the last visit. Prandial correlations were established between meal size and interval before meal (pre-prandial) or interval after meal (postprandial) using Pearson correlation analysis. Post-prandial correlations (which can be interpreted as hunger-regulating mechanisms) were slightly stronger than pre-prandial correlations (which can be interpreted as satiety regulation mechanisms). Both correlations decreased as the animals’ age increased but were little influenced by the feeding programs. The information generated in this study allows a better understanding of pigs’ feeding behavior regulation mechanisms and could be used in the future to improve precision feeding programs

Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and clinical parameters in women with fibromyalgia and overweight/obesity

ABSTRACT Objectives The objectives of this study were to evaluate the serum levels of adipokines in women with fibromyalgia with and without overweight/obesity, and to correlate the adipokines levels with clinical parameters associated with fibromyalgia and adipose tissue mass (body fat). Subjects and methods The study included 100 women divided into four groups: (a) fibromyalgia and overweight/obesity; (b) fibromyalgia and normal weight; (c) controls and overweight/obesity; and (d) controls and normal weight. Patients and controls were evaluated for clinical, anthropometric, and fibromyalgia-related parameters. Assessments included serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Levels of adipokines were further adjusted for fat mass. Results Fibromyalgia patients with overweight/obesity or normal weight had no differences in clinical parameters. Unadjusted leptin levels were lower in fibromyalgia patients than controls, a finding that was more remarkable in fibromyalgia patients with overweight/obesity. Leptin levels had no correlation with clinical parameters of fibromyalgia or inflammation markers (MCP-1 and CRP), and adiponectin levels showed no difference between groups. Conclusions No correlation was observed between adjusted leptin levels and clinical parameters of fibromyalgia. Patients with fibromyalgia and overweight/obesity presented lower levels of leptin than controls with overweight/obesity

Effects of rice protein coating enriched with essential oils on internal quality and shelf life of eggs during room temperature storage

The effectiveness of rice protein coatings enriched with essential oils on maintaining interior quality of fresh eggs was evaluated during storage at 20°C for 6 wk. Egg quality was assessed by weight loss, Haugh unit (HU), albumen pH, and yolk index (YI) in uncoated eggs (control treatment) and eggs coated with rice protein concentrate at 8% enriched or not with different essential oils (1%): tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii), or thymo (Thymus vulgaris). The HU and YI were higher in coated eggs (P < 0.001). Data were submitted to variance analysis, and the statistical models included the effects of treatments (coating types), storage periods (weeks), and interaction (treatments by storage periods). Weight loss increased (P < 0.001) during long-term storage. Uncoated eggs showed the highest weight loss (5.43%), whereas coatings of rice protein alone (4.23%) or enriched with tea tree (4.10%), copaiba (3.90%), and thymo (4.08%) solutions were effective in preventing weight lost (P < 0.001). The coating use preserved the internal quality of the eggs for up to 3 wk longer than uncoated eggs in terms of HU, YI, and pH. Uncoated eggs had the worst (P < 0.001) HU (58.46), albumen pH (9.48), and YI (0.33) after 6 wk of storage. In conclusion, the use of coatings based on rice protein concentrate enriched with different essential oils influences the internal quality of eggs during storage and may be an effective alternative for increasing the shelf life of commercial eggs

Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Esteio, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Background: Brazil is the third country most affected by Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but viral evolution in municipality resolution is still poorly understood in Brazil and it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of viral spread. We aimed to track molecular evolution and spread of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Esteio (Southern Brazil) using phylogenetics and phylodynamics inferences from 21 new genomes in global and regional context. Importantly, the case fatality rate (CFR) in Esteio (3.26%) is slightly higher compared to the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state (2.56%) and the entire Brazil (2.74%). Results: We provided a comprehensive view of mutations from a representative sampling from May to October 2020, highlighting two frequent mutations in spike glycoprotein (D614G and V1176F), an emergent mutation (E484K) in spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) characteristic of the B.1.351 and P.1 lineages, and the adjacent replacement of 2 amino acids in Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (R203K and G204R). E484K was found in two genomes from mid-October, which is the earliest description of this mutation in Southern Brazil. Lineages containing this substitution must be subject of intense surveillance due to its association with immune evasion. We also found two epidemiologicallyrelated clusters, including one from patients of the same neighborhood. Phylogenetics and phylodynamics analysis demonstrates multiple introductions of the Brazilian most prevalent lineages (B.1.1.33 and B.1.1.248) and the establishment of Brazilian lineages ignited from the Southeast to other Brazilian regions. Conclusions: Our data show the value of correlating clinical, epidemiological and genomic information for the understanding of viral evolution and its spatial distribution over time. This is of paramount importance to better inform policy making strategies to fight COVID-19

Individual responses of growing pigs to threonine intake

A nitrogen balance test was performed to evaluate the individual responses of growing pigs to threonine intake. Eight commercial barrows were used (body weight ranging from 15 to 20 kg). A dose-response study was performed, in which the threonine supply increased in seven equidistant steps (the seven dietary threonine levels ranged from 50 to 120% of the requirements) every three days for each pig. The levels of all other amino acids were 20% higher than the tested amino acid. Nitrogen retention as a function of threonine intake was calculated per individual and per group (NLIN and NLMixed, respectively) using a linear plateau model. The highest break point value was 42.42 g of threonine intake (the most demanding individual), whereas the lowest value was 34.16 g (the least demanding individual), corresponding to a difference of 19%. In terms of N retention, the highest plateau value was 66.71 g and the lowest was 49.48 g, with a difference of 25%. There was no significant correlation between slope and plateau values or between slope and break point values. When using the model in which all parameters were random effects, the variations in threonine intake and nitrogen retention were 1.68±1.30 and 0.01±0.10 g, respectively, and no variance in the slope of the curve was detected. The average daily threonine intake values for the maximum response obtained in the group, as calculated by the NLIN and NLMixed procedures, were 13.96 and 14.02 g/day, respectively. The threonine intake for the maximum N retention between individuals ranged from 34.16 to 42.42 g, corresponding to a difference of 19%. The current recommended intake to optimize N retention is 14.02 g/day. The group responses obtained by the NLMixed procedures are very similar to those estimated by the NLIN procedure (all individuals)

Editorial: Strategies for mitigating the environmental impacts of pig and poultry production

International audienc

Scientia Agricola Meta-analysis of individual and combined effects of mycotoxins on growing pigs

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the toxicity of concomitantly occurring mycotoxins in pig diets. This study was conducted to evaluate, through meta-analysis, the individual and the combined effects of mycotoxins on pig performance. The meta-analysis followed three sequential analyses (graphical, correlation, and variance-covariance) based on a database composed of 85 published papers, 1,012 treatments and 13,196 animals. Contamination of diets with individual mycotoxins reduced (p &lt; 0.05) feed intake by 14 % and weight gain by 17 %, while combined mycotoxins reduced the same responses by 42 % and 45 %, respectively, in comparison with the non-challenged group. The correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between reduction in weight gain (ΔG) and reduction in feed intake (ΔFI) was 0.67 in individual challenges and 0.93 in combined challenges. The estimated ΔG was -6 % in individual challenges and -7 % in combined challenges when ΔFI was zero, suggesting an increase in the maintenance requirements of challenged animals. Most of ΔG (58 % in individual challenges and 84 % in combined challenges) was attributed to the changes in feed efficiency. The association of mycotoxins enhances individual toxic effects and the ΔFI is important in explaining the deleterious effects on the growth of challenged pigs

Meta-analysis of individual and combined effects of mycotoxins on growing pigs

ABSTRACT Little is known about the toxicity of concomitantly occurring mycotoxins in pig diets. This study was conducted to evaluate, through meta-analysis, the individual and the combined effects of mycotoxins on pig performance. The meta-analysis followed three sequential analyses (graphical, correlation, and variance-covariance) based on a database composed of 85 published papers, 1,012 treatments and 13,196 animals. Contamination of diets with individual mycotoxins reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake by 14 % and weight gain by 17 %, while combined mycotoxins reduced the same responses by 42 % and 45 %, respectively, in comparison with the non-challenged group. The correlation (p < 0.05) between reduction in weight gain (&#916;G) and reduction in feed intake (&#916;FI) was 0.67 in individual challenges and 0.93 in combined challenges. The estimated &#916;G was &#8211;6 % in individual challenges and &#8211;7 % in combined challenges when &#916;FI was zero, suggesting an increase in the maintenance requirements of challenged animals. Most of &#916;G (58 % in individual challenges and 84 % in combined challenges) was attributed to the changes in feed efficiency. The association of mycotoxins enhances individual toxic effects and the &#916;FI is important in explaining the deleterious effects on the growth of challenged pigs