Alfabetización digital y competencia digital docente en el nivel secundaria, UGEL Nº 09 Huaura – 2019

El propósito de la investigan fue determinar la relación entre la alfabetización digital y la competencia digital docente en el nivel secundaria, UGEL Nº 09 Huaura – 2019. La investigación fue de tipo básica, de alcance correlacional, diseño no experimental de corte transversal y enfoque cuantitativo; la muestra estuvo conformada por 198 docentes del nivel secundaria de las zonas urbanas que cuentan con acceso permanente a diversos recursos tecnológicos (TIC). Se emplearon dos cuestionarios los cuales fueron sometidos a los análisis respectivos para determinar su validez y confiabilidad; el cuestionario de autopercepción sobre alfabetización digital tuvo un Alfa de Cronbach de 0,89 y el cuestionario de autopercepción sobre competencia digital docente α=0,92. Se empleó el estadígrafo Rho de Spearman para determinar las correlaciones entre variables. Los resultados indican que existe suficiente evidencia estadística para determinar la existencia de relación entre la alfabetización digital y la competencia digital docente (ρ = 0.707 y p valor = 0.000); por lo tanto se acepta la hipótesis general de nuestra investigación; además se encontró una relación lineal significativa de grado medio – alto entre la alfabetización digital y cada una de las dimensiones de la competencia digital docente en el nivel secundaria, jurisdicción de la UGEL Nº 09 de la provincia de Huaura en el año 2019

Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación y su relación con los estilos de aprendizaje en la Institución Educativa “Paulino Fuentes Castro” del distrito de Cajatambo - 2011

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general determinar la relación que existe entre las tecnologías de la información y comunicación con los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes en la Institución Educativa “Paulino Fuentes Castro” del distrito de Cajatambo en el 2011. La investigación realizada es no experimental del tipo descriptivo correlacional. La población censal estuvo constituida por 146 estudiantes del 1ero al 5to grado de educación secundaria de la LE. “Paulino Fuentes Castro”, jurisdicción de la UGEL N° 11 distrito y provincia de Cajatambo. La población muestral estuvo conformada por 129 estudiantes. Las variables analizadas fueron las tecnologías de la información y comunicación y los estilos de aprendizaje. En la investigación se formuló una hipótesis general y cuatro hipótesis específicas. Los resultados obtenidos en la hipótesis general indican que existe relación entre las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) con los estilos de aprendizaje; asimismo en las hipótesis específicas, en la primera los resultados indican que el Uso de las TIC no se relaciona con el estilo de aprendizaje activo, en la segunda el uso de las TIC no se relaciona con el estilo de aprendizaje reflexivo, en la tercera el uso de las TIC y el estilo de aprendizaje teórico no se relacionan y la cuarta hipótesis específica el uso de las TIC se relaciona con el estilo se aprendizaje pragmático. Para la contrastación de las hipótesis se utilizó el Chi Cuadrado de Pearson y Spearman. De estos resultados obtenidos podemos concluir que en términos generales existe relación entre las tecnologías de la información y comunicación con los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes en la institución educativa “Paulino Fuentes Castro” del Distrito de Cajatambo en el 2011. Además, de los resultados del análisis descriptivo se pude colegir que el apoyo logístico en cuanto a la implementación tecnológica (computadoras, servicios de internet y televisión) no contribuye adecuadamente al uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación para atender las necesidades pedagógicas de los docentes y de las estrategias de aprendizaje, evidenciadas estas últimas, en los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes

Discriminating gasoline fuel contamination in engine oil by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Gasoline engine oil (SAE 5W20) was contaminated with four levels (0%, 4%, 8% and 12%) of gasoline fuel and submitted to terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Three sampling methods were used to compare measurement variations. For all sampling methods, refractive index decreased with increased fuel contamination and absorption coefficient increased with increased fuel contamination. Absorption coefficients were significantly different for each fuel contamination level for each sampling method across the entire 0.5–2.5 THz range. The frequency of 0.5 THz produced the best model of absorption coefficient predicting fuel contamination with a rootmean- square error of 0.21% points. THz-TDS demonstrated high potential for estimating gasoline fuel contamination in gasoline engine oil

Contact and remote breathing rate monitoring techniques: a review

ABSTRACT: Breathing rate monitoring is a must for hospitalized patients with the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We review in this paper recent implementations of breathing monitoring techniques, where both contact and remote approaches are presented. It is known that with non-contact monitoring, the patient is not tied to an instrument, which improves patients’ comfort and enhances the accuracy of extracted breathing activity, since the distress generated by a contact device is avoided. Remote breathing monitoring allows screening people infected with COVID-19 by detecting abnormal respiratory patterns. However, non-contact methods show some disadvantages such as the higher set-up complexity compared to contact ones. On the other hand, many reported contact methods are mainly implemented using discrete components. While, numerous integrated solutions have been reported for non-contact techniques, such as continuous wave (CW) Doppler radar and ultrawideband (UWB) pulsed radar. These radar chips are discussed and their measured performances are summarized and compared

Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru: evidence from a nationwide survey

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major global public health issues. Migrants represent a vulnerable group that faces multiple barriers to access to healthcare services, including HIV/STI testing. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with access to HIV/STI testing in male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving secondary data analysis of the 2022 Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru Survey. The study was conducted in the eight most populated cities inhabited by Venezuelan migrants and refugees. For each city, the sampling design was probabilistic, stratified, and independent. The outcome variable was whether participants had access to HIV or other STI testing during their stay in Peru. Statistical analysis was stratified by sex owing to potential effect modification. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using generalized linear models Poisson family with log link function. Confidence intervals were calculated to 95%. Results: A total of 3,723 male and 3,984 female migrants were included. Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female migrants was 19.85% and 25.16%, respectively. Among male migrants, being LGBTI, health insured, and married or cohabiting were associated with increased access to HIV/STI testing. Among females, those aged 18–44 years, those who were married or cohabiting and were health insured, and those residing for more than 1 year in Peru were significantly more likely to have access to HIV/STI testing. Moreover, physical/mental disability and unemployed status were associated with a lower probability of HIV/STI testing in females. Conclusions: Only two in ten Venezuelan migrants and refugees in Peru were screened for HIV/STI, with fewer males than females. Sex-specific sociodemographic, health-related, and migration-related variables were independently associated with access to HIV/STI testing

Altitude and excess mortality during COVID-19 pandemic in Peru

We have read with interest the short communication published by Segovia-Juarez et al., 2020 in Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology establishing that high altitude reduces the infection rate of COVID-19 but not the case fatality rate in the Peruvian setting. We support this hypothesis, however there could be an important number of under registered deaths on account of a low rate of diagnostic tests performed per inhabitant and mostly in symptomatic patients (Pasquariello and Stranges, 2020).Revisión por pare

Rural and urban disparities in anemia among Peruvian children aged 6-59 months: a multivariate decomposition and spatial analysis

Introduction: Anemia is a global public health issue that affects mainly children aged less than 5 years. In Peru, despite the reduction in the prevalence of anemia between 2010 and 2018, anemia remains a major concern, especially in high-risk zones such as rural areas. Several sociodemographic factors have been associated with anemia in children; however, components contributing to the urban–rural gap have not been previously assessed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the determinants of the difference in anemia prevalence between urban and rural areas, and its spatial distribution in Peruvian children aged 6–59 months. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2019 Peruvian Demographic Health Survey. The study population included 18 846 children aged 6–59 months. A multivariate decomposition analysis for non-linear response model was performed to identify the factors contributing to the gap in the prevalence of anemia across urban and rural areas. Global Moran's I autocorrelation, Ordinary Kriging interpolation and Bernoullibased purely spatial scan statistics were employed to assess the spatial pattern of anemia. Results: Nationwide, the prevalence of anemia in Peru was 29.47% (95%CI 28.63–30.33). In rural areas, it was 38.25%, and in urban areas 26.39%. The decomposition analysis revealed that 88.61% of the difference in the prevalence of anemia between urban and rural areas was attributed to the difference in the respondents’ characteristics. Wealth index, mother's education, mother's employment status, number of living children and mother's age were key determinants contributing to the rural–urban gap. Spatial heterogeneity of anemia prevalence in childhood was observed at both inter and intradepartmental level. The SaTScan spatial analysis identified six significant cluster areas with high prevalence of anemia in childhood. Conclusion: A considerable gap of anemia prevalence between urban and rural areas was found. Targeted interventions are necessary to reduce geographic disparities.Revisión por pare

Development of 99mTc-N4-NIM for Molecular Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia

The nitro group of 2-nitroimidazole (NIM) enters the tumor cells and is bioreductively activated and fixed in the hypoxia cells. 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (N4) has shown to be a stable chelator for 99mTc. The present study was aimed to develop 99mTc-cyclam-2-nitroimidazole (99mTc-N4-NIM) for tumor hypoxia imaging. N4-NIM precursor was synthesized by reacting N4-oxalate and 1,3-dibromopropane-NIM, yielded 14% (total synthesis). Cell uptake of 99mTc-N4-NIM and 99mTc-N4 was obtained in 13762 rat mammary tumor cells and mesothelioma cells in 6-well plates. Tissue distribution of 99mTc-N4-NIM was evaluated in breast-tumor-bearing rats at 0.5–4 hrs. Tumor oxygen tension was measured using an oxygen probe. Planar imaging was performed in the tumor-bearing rat and rabbit models. Radiochemical purity of 99mTc-N4-NIM was >96% by HPLC. Cell uptake of 99mTc-N4-NIM was higher than 99mTc-N4 in both cell lines. Biodistribution of 99mTc-N4-NIM showed increased tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle count density ratios as a function of time. Oxygen tension in tumor tissue was 6–10 mmHg compared to 40–50 mmHg in normal muscle tissue. Planar imaging studies confirmed that the tumors could be visualized clearly with 99mTc-N4-NIM in animal models. Efficient synthesis of N4-NIM was achieved. 99mTc-N4-NIM is a novel hypoxic probe and may be useful in evaluating cancer therapy

Inequalities in infant vaccination coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based study in Peru

Objective: To identify the associated factors and assess the inequalities of full vaccination coverage (FVC) among Peruvian infants aged 12–23 months during the COVID-19 pandemic in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study based on a secondary data analysis using the 2021 Peruvian Demographic Health Survey (DHS) in infants aged 12 to 23 months. The sampling design was probabilistic, multistage, stratified, and independent at both departmental and area of residence levels. FVC was defined according to the WHO definition. We performed generalized linear models (GLM) Poisson family log link function to estimate crude (aPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). Also, for inequality assessment, we calculated the concentration curve (CC), concentration index (CI), and Erreygers normalized concentration index (ECI). Results: We included 4,189 infants in our analysis. Nationwide, the prevalence of FVC was 66.19% (95% CI: 64.33–68). Being younger, having a mother with no education or primary education, belonging to a large family, having no access to mass media, having had six or fewer ANC visits, and having a mother whose age was under 20 at first delivery were inversely associated with FVC. Meanwhile, living in the Highlands or on the rest of the coast, and living in rural areas were directly associated with FVC. We found a pro-rich inequality in FVC based on wealth-ranked households (CI: 0.0066; ECI: 0.0175). Conclusion: FVC has dropped among Peruvian infants aged between 12 and 23 months. There were several factors associated with FVC. It was more concentrated among the better-off infants, although in low magnitude.Revisión por pare

Point of use production of liposomal solubilised products

With the progression towards personalised and age-appropriate medicines, the production of drug loaded liposomes at the point of care would be highly desirable. In particular, liposomal solubilisation agents that can be produced rapidly and easily would provide a new option in personalised medicines. Such a process could also be used as a rapid tool for the formulation and pre-clinical screening of low soluble drugs. Within this paper, we outline a novel easy-to-use production method for point of use production of liposome solubilised drugs. Our results demonstrate that pre-formed multilamellar liposomes, stored in a fresh or frozen format, can be bilayer loaded with low solubility drugs using a simple bath sonication process. Sonication is undertaken in a sealed vial allowing the contents to remain sterile. Liposomes around 100 nm were prepared and these liposomes were able to increase the amount of drug dissolved by up to 10 fold. These liposomal solubilisation agents were stable in terms of size and drug solubilisation for up to 8 days when stored in the fridge making them an easy to use and robust small-scale tool for drug solubilisation