A qualitative exploration of how people with bipolar disorder consider risk-taking in everyday decisions

Background: Difficulties with decision making and risk taking in individual with Bipolar Disorder (BD) have been associated with mood episodes. However, there is limited information about these experiences during euthymia, the mood state where people with BD spent the majority of their time. Aims: To examine how individuals with BD consider risk in everyday decisions during their euthymic phase. Method: We conducted a qualitative study that used semi-structured audio recorded interviews. Eight euthymic participants with confirmed BD were interviewed, and we used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to analyse the data. Results: We identified four themes. The first theme, “Who I Really Am”, involves the relationship between individual identity and risks taken. The second theme, “Taking Back Control of my Life”, explored the relationship between risks taken as participants strove to keep control of their lives. The third theme, “Fear of the ‘What Ifs’”, represents how the fear of negative consequences from taking risks impacts risk decisions. Finally, the fourth theme, “The Role of Family and Friends”, highlights the important role that a supporting network can have in their lives in the context of taking risks. Conclusions: The study highlights aspects that can impact on an individual with BD’s consideration of risk during euthymia. Identity, control, fear and support all play a role when a person considers risk in their decision-making process, and they should be taken into consideration when exploring risk with individuals with BD in clinical settings, and inform the design of future interventions

Industrialização e Transição Demográfica no Brasil

O processo de indsutrialização teve consequencias sobre a demografia que apresentam projfeções para o futuro

EDUCATION EXPERTS, INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENTS, LEFT PARTIES: THREE ESSAYS ON NEOLIBERAL POLITICS IN CHILE AND BEYOND

The three essays of this dissertation contribute to debates over the role of experts and technologies in the construction of market-oriented institutions regulating social life. I look at the historical contingency and specificity of neoliberal knowledge and ideas. Across diverse cases, I examine how the authority of market-minded experts and the policy devices experts create are embedded in social relations that yield historically distinct effects. The first essay examines the political determinants of the metrics employed to govern markets. I trace how education experts in Chile –a global exemplar of market-minded technocracy– turned political decisions about how to organize the school market into a matter of technical choice over statistical measures of school quality. Despite their efforts to use putatively neutral decision technologies to produce at least the appearance of fairness and impartiality, Chilean experts could not dodge taking sides in the debate over education privatization. By building politicized judgments into presumably objective statistical models, experts can sometimes insulate themselves from political scrutiny and often shield contentious decisions from public deliberation and democratic accountability. The second essay examines the transnational processes through which forms of market-minded technocratic governance –such as Chile’s– became globally dominant. I make the case that neoliberalism itself can be thought of as a social movement, rereading its intellectual history through such well-honed tools of movement scholarship as "political opportunities", "frame alignment", and "mobilizing structures". I show the deep debt contemporary capitalism owes to the organizing praxis of a transnational network of market-fundamentalist scholars, philanthropists, gurus, and intellectuals who, interestingly, relentlessly refrained from collectively asserting an "identity". The third essay takes a comparative approach to understanding the national conditions under which market-oriented regimes become more or less entrenched and institutionalized. I focus on the trajectories of Left parties and their relations with states and democratic institutions in Chile and Uruguay, and unravel the historical determinants of neoliberal resilience. My comparison shows that how political parties fit political agendas to the contours of conflicting interests in civil society enhances or limits their ability to check the otherwise unfettered expansion of market forms of governance, regulation, and social provision

Existe viabilidade econômica para o biodiesel no Brasil

Novos combustíveis obtidos a partir de produtos agrícolas oferecem interessante alternativa em face da escassez de energia e da degradação ambiental. O desenvolvimento econômico exige a utilização de quantidades progressivamente maiores de combustíveis de qualidade superior. Como resposta, o Brasil desenvolveu a produção de etanol para substituir a gasolina. Atualmente, existe forte interesse no desenvolvimento de substitutos para o óleo diesel, cuja importação exige a utilização de grandes quantidades de divisas. A relação de preços do óleo diesel para o óleo de soja evoluiu em anos recentes, favorecendo a utilização do biodiesel. Por outra parte, o biodiesel é muito menos poluente que os combustíveis de origem fóssil. A produção de biodiesel origina importantes subprodutos (especialmente a glicerina), que são potencialmente interessantes para o desenvolvimento de outras cadeias industriais

O conjunto econômico em matéria trabalhista Análise jurisprudencial - crítica à extensão da responsabilidade sob uma ótica comercialista

The purpose of this paper is to present and study labor related case-law of the last 15 years on economic groups in order to: i) set out and systematize the elements analyzed by our courts to determine when the economic group is configured in labor matters; ii) analyze the scope of liability of the economic group according to our labor courts; and finally, iii) from a commercial perspective, make a well-founded criticism of the no-fault liability expansion towards group companies, as well as of the inclusion of natural persons in the economic group, among other aspects.Nos proponemos en este trabajo relevar y estudiar la jurisprudencia laboral de los último 15 años sobre conjunto económico con el fin de: i-. exponer y sistematizar los extremos analizados por nuestros tribunales para determinar cuándo se configura el conjunto económico en materia laboral, ii-. analizar cuál es el alcance de la responsabilidad del conjunto económico a criterio de nuestros tribunales laborales y iii-. finalmente, realizar, desde una mirada mercantilista, una crítica fundada a la extensión objetiva de la responsabilidad, así como de la incorporación de la persona física en el conjunto económico, entre otros extremos.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento e estudo da jurisprudência trabalhista dos últimos 15 anos sobre o conjunto, com o objetivo de: i-. expor e sistematizar os aspectos analisados por nossos tribunais para determinar quando o conjunto econômico é configurado em questões trabalhistas, ii-. analisar qual é a extensão da responsabilidade do conjunto econômico segundo os critérios de nossos tribunais trabalhistas e iii-. finalmente, realizar, a partir de uma perspectiva comercialista, uma crítica fundamentada à extensão objetiva da responsabilidade, bem como à incorporação da pessoa física no conjunto econômico, entre outros aspectos

Efecto de diferentes métodos de siembra en la implantación, producción y sobrevivencia estival de pasturas sembradas

Se evaluó el efecto de la distribución espacial determinada por el método de siembra en combinación con el tipo de mezcla para mejorar el bajo establecimiento de las pasturas sembradas en Uruguay. El período experimental fue abril 2019-mayo 2020. Se evaluaron seis tratamientos según el arreglo factorial de dos mezclas forrajeras de diferente vigor inicial y longevidad (corto plazo: Lolium multiflorum y Trifolium pratense; largo plazo: Festuca arundinacea y Lotus corniculatus), y tres métodos de siembra (líneas cruzadas; gramínea en la línea y leguminosa al voleo; misma línea). Se estudió la dinámica de implantación de cada especie contando el número de plantas que se encontraban dentro de los cuadros fijados, el número de tallos de cada planta contada, el número de hojas/tallo y la altura de la pastura. Se determinó el número de plantas/m² y el número de tallos/m². En la última fecha del período de establecimiento, se midió la relación parte aérea:raíz de los componentes de las mezclas. Se realizaron 5 pastoreos donde se midió la producción de materia seca, el forraje disponible, el remanente, la tasa de crecimiento y la composición botánica de las pasturas. En la última fecha se cuantificó la sobrevivencia estival. Ningún tratamiento logró superar los datos nacionales relacionados con el porcentaje de implantación, alcanzando 37 ± 1,4 % a los 99 DDS. Los métodos de siembra no difirieron en la producción de biomasa de las mezclas forrajeras ni en la sobrevivencia estival, estando la producción de forraje relacionada con la mezcla corta (mayor vigor inicial) y la sobrevivencia estival con la mezcla larga (mayor persistencia), indicando diferentes estrategias de utilización del ambiente a largo plazo