Guidance and counseling profession: a philosophy and professional challenges in the future

As a science, guidance and counseling has become a helping profession that has been approved by society in the world, especially in academic and practical profession. In the begining, counseling was growth and developed in America which concern in how to place someone qualified with one work, this focus was to make a career decision through a counseling interview and assessmen, and also growth to help people to make decision and learn something new about them self in theraputic process, with psychological threatment and technique. As a multidicipliner science, counseling more flexible than any other dicipline. But in this 21 century counseling as a profession that has been challenges by something that must admit and counselor must know about this, such counseling multicultural, indigineous science that become an interesting subject, counseling has a value contract or not?, and counseling to educate and make client learn something or something that client found by them self? With liberate counseling?. This article will discuss more further about paradigm of guidance and counseling profession with point of view a philosophy and professional challenges in the future that must be understanding and face in the future without lose our cultural and religion values

Condition of perceived self-efficacy as a predictive of student readiness in college tasks

Self-efficacy is the psychological aspect that shapes human activity. It comes from experience and ability about themselves to accomplish the task. In this article, discussed research findings in 2012 and 2015 on self-efficacy perception students in readiness to complete the task of college, whether there is a change during the period from three years after the condition of efficacy himself in completing the task. This research used a quantitative descriptive method, and took with proportional stratified random sampling. Research in 2012 found that perceptions of self-efficacy students in completing a lecture in the level of underprivileged and research in 2015 found that the level capable and have a contribution in preparedness in completion of the task. The question that will be discussed throughout this article, does self-efficacy have the effect of different educational backgrounds? These findings have an impact of the reality in the practice of counseling services which researchers and colleagues must recognize and handle

New Students' Self-Adjustment at Ar-Risalah Islamic Junior High School: Roles and Supporting Factors

The purpose of this research is to determine teachers’ roles in improving students' self-adjustment and its supporting factors at Ar-Risalah Islamic Junior High School, Padang, Indonesia. This is qualitative descriptive research with data collected from teachers, students, principals, and other school officials through interview, observation, and documentation. The data collected were analyzed using reduction and triangulation processes. The result showed that the teacher had expertise as a motivator to support and trigger the student enthusiasm in adapting and learning new materials at school. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors of the self-adjustment process were parents that have not been able to let their children go to boarding schools and teachers without psychological backgrounds, because this background are needed for better approach and intervention for children to make them enthusiasm in learning in boarding schoo

MEMBANGKITKAN SELF AWARENESS IN MARRIAGE MELALUI LAYANAN INFORMASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI PERKAWINAN

Abstract. Providing information services on the psychology of marriage to course participants as prospective brides in the KUA District of Lubuk Kilangan Padang City, this is based on the phenomenon of a fairly high marriage rate, namely 40 pairs per month, and indications of divorce each year reaching 100 cases. Therefore, it is important to be given provision regarding the psychology of marriage to the prospective bride and groom. The purpose of this service is to raise awareness of the nature of the prospective bride and groom and foster an understanding of a Sakinah, mawadah and merciful household from a psychological perspective. The method used is divided into 3 phases, namely Seminar and Discussion, Pocket Book on Marriage Psychology and Creating Whatsapp group and providing counseling to the group. The total number of participants was 44 people / 22 couples. The result of this service is that service participant members gain knowledge, understanding, and skills in dealing with and undergoing the marriage process and fostering their household. Abstrak. Pemberian layanan informasi psikologi perkawinan kepada peserta kursus sebagai calon pengantin di KUA Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan Kota Padang, hal ini didasari oleh fenomena angka perkawinan yang cukup tinggi yaitu 40 pasang per bulan, dan indikasi perceraian setiap tahunnya mencapai 100 kasus. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk diberikan bekal mengenai psikologi pernikahan kepada calon pengantin. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan fitrah calon pengantin dan menumbuhkan pemahaman tentang rumah tangga yang sakinah, mawadah dan rahmah dari segi psikologis. Metode yang digunakan terbagi menjadi 3 tahap yaitu Seminar dan Diskusi, Buku Saku Psikologi Perkawinan dan Membuat grup Whatsapp serta memberikan penyuluhan kepada kelompok tersebut. Jumlah peserta sebanyak 44 orang/22 pasangan. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah peserta pengabdian memperoleh pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan keterampilan dalam menghadapi dan menjalani proses perkawinan dan membina rumah tangganya

Tingkat Kompetensi Interpersonal Sales Promotion Girl (SPG) : Kajian Deskriptif

Communication is important in social interaction, even for promotion and sales. The purpose of this research is to reveal the Eta Agency Pro Comm sales promotion girl's interpersonal competence, openness, empathy, support, positivity, and Equality. Data was collected through Interpersonal Communication Scale (ICS) with a high-reliability value of 0,95. The sample was taken based on Purposive Random Sampling, with 58 respondents of sales promotion girls. This research found that every aspect of Interpersonal Communication of Sales Promotion Girls at the Competence level. Only Support communication there are 25 (43,10%) in Very Competence. İn another aspect below of that. This research suggests that communication is a combination in every aspect and always reciprocal in every social interaction

The Relationship between Career Maturity and Self-confidence of Baitul Tamwil Muhammadiyah Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Padang City, Indonesia

This study aims to describe the career maturity of Baitul Tanwil Muhammadiyah (BTM’s) employees during the COVID-19 pandemic that affects their confidence in the Syariah economy in Padang. This study was conducted with a descriptive quantitative method and the population was all employees of BTM in West Sumatra totaling 39. The number of samples was determined using the convenience sampling technique, namely based on the ease of finding the participants (Guilford & Frucher, 1978), while the instrument used was a career maturity scale consisting of 51 statement items. This scale is based on career maturity dimensions, namely Planning, Exploration, Decision Making, and World of Work, according to Thompdon et al., (1981). The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between career maturity and the confidence of baitul tanwil employees in taqwa Muhamadiyah with r = 0.499 and p = 0.000 (p <0.05) which means H0 is rejected or Ha is accepted. Moreover, a value of 0.202 was obtained which means that there is a 20.2% contribution of career maturity to self-confidence, while the remaining 79.8% is determined by other factors and aspects

Effects of Various Biomolecules and Ultrasonic Wave on the Physic0 Chemical Properties of Zinc Oxide Synthesized by Hydrolysis Method

In this study, the effect of different biosubstrates on the physicochemical properties of zinc oxide synthesized by the inorganic-organic agglomeration was characterized. The resulting materials containing layered ZnO was synthesized via hydrolysis mechanism between zinc nitrate precursor and the precipitator, sodium hydroxide at pH 10 in the presence of 0.10 M biosubstrates stabilized using the conventional thennal aging method. It was found that a pillared layered structure was formed when L-cystine biomolecule acting as a molecular propped, causing basal expansion of 10.1 %I, whereas other ZnO-biosubtrates agglomeration did not show any changes to the typical ZnO phase being observed based on the PXRD spectra obtained. Thus layered ZnO can be regarded as an inorganic vector or host structure in directing the physicochemical transition of the layer ZnO-Lcystine in the agglomeration process whereby a lamellar solid is being formed. The phase transformation that consists of ZnO-L-cystine agglomerate was shown to have formed a significant chemical constituent with net Lcystine composition of 21 % and 37 % ex CHNS and EDX measurement compared to the maximum of 5 % and 2 % obtained from other ZnObiosubstrate agglomerations. The intercalated ZnO-L-cystine agglomeration has a higher BET surface area of around 53 m2/g with wider pore size distribution compared to between 4- 34 m*/g (with sharper pore size distribution pattern) of all other ZnObiosubstrate agglomeration. The phase transformation of ZnO-fructose agglomerate however has shown to have a structure directing role in forming well divided monospherical microcrystallines. Together with other ZnObiosubstrate agglomeration, it was observed that the degree of structural regularities based on it's surface morphology is in correlation to the Zn/O mole ratio obtained from EDX calculation whereby low Zn/O mole ratio was observed to display better crystallinity or higher order of ZnO-biosubstrate structural transformation. Nonetheless, the influence of fructose biomolecule on the structural transformation was demonstrated further in a molar concentration gradient study, whereby grain-like surface morphology had nucleated into well divided monospheres in the crystal growing process as observed by SEM images from 0.01 M to 0.20 M fructose used. The final agglomerate at the highest molar concentration used (that yields monospherical morphology) was found to show a marked increase in net fructose composition at about 16 % from 6 % at it's lowest based on the EDX result. On the contrary, PXRD and FTIR data regarding the physico-chemical strata of the ZnO phase in the ZnO-fructose agglomerate remains unchanged.Attemp to seek higher degree of structure-property feature of the ZnOfructose agglomeration, sonification method was done using the accelerated aging process to activate the electronic state of the solid solution containing layer ZnO and fructose biomolecule in a series of ultrasonic exposure time gradient at 0.20 M fructose where stable micro spherical nucleation was observed earlier. It was found that the influence of ultrasonic irradiation was able to further doubles the net composition of fructose present (i.e. to 35 %) in the ZnO-fructose agglomeration compared to conventional thermal aging method as mentioned earlier. It was noticed also that an equally good surface morphology without any deformities was produced only at longer sonification period i.e. at the 60th minutes. In more, the surface area has also shown to exhibit an increasing trend from 1 to 4.7 m2/g gaining higher pore volume or pore size distribution at longer sonification period due to higher chemical reactivity generated in the solid solution. The BET surface area however, was only half the surface area generated by the hydrothermally aged ZnO-fructose agglomeration of 9.4 m2/g. The PXRD and FI'IR data regarding the physico-chemical characteristic also shows that the ZnO phase in the ZnO-fructose agglomerate remains unchanged with the use of ultrasound. Although no significant structural transformation or changes in the lattice orientation of the layer ZnO in the solid solution during ZnO-fructose agglomeration in the conventional or the accelerated synthesis method described, the effect of fructose on the structure directing role and interdiffusion capability into the ZnO network is prevalent. It is also important to note that the increase in the porosity or pore profile of the ZnO-fructose aggregate due to the ultrasound is an additional aspect to enhance the structure-property relationship which was observed in this work

PEMBELAJARAN AFEKTIF MERUPAKAN SALAH SATU STRATEGI DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK (Sebuah Tinjauan dari Perspektif Psikologi; Social Cognitive Theory)

According to educational development at this time, education not only transfer of knowledge for student but more than that. Education is to create a generation which have a good abilities, good capabilities and good character, in other word create the cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspect. The phenomena of education at this time, found that proccess of education is still far from build a affective and character of student. Until now a government program of education “education with a character” still not have a product which suitable with the term of program. Also a curriculum of education still focus to create abilities in cognitive student. So the questions is, how to educate the student about affective capabilities? And is this aspect of psychology in education proccess, will build a character of student? The answers of that questions will discribe using perspective of psychology; social cognitive theory

MANAJEMEN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PONDOK PESANTREN

The community has long realized the role of pesantren because it can produce credible cadres, who not only have potential but can utilize their potential for competence. In this global era, science, culture and the role of pesantren must be more prominent. Pesantren has a reputation as a distinctive Islamic religious institution, especially as an educational institution. Pesantren is also a social institution based on religious values. Currently, one of the problems faced by Islamic boarding schools is the issue of effective and efficient development management. This problem must be overcome by pesantren to improve the quality of education. Therefore, there needs to be good management and development carried out by experienced and knowledgeable Islamic boarding school leaders. The pesantren curriculum is also the most important entity for academic success. Even though we know that pesantren do not have an official curriculum from the government, because it is the policy of every pesantren leader. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a curriculum that is applied to adjust to the times. Based on the results of research that has been carried out the method used is a qualitative method with the type of case study (Case Study). In this study, researchers explained in detail the results of research on the Management and development of Islamic Boarding Schools. The purpose of this study is to analyze the management and development of Islamic boarding schools. It is known that management and development is a very important strategy for Islamic boarding schools, namely as the most important facility for institutions to improve and optimize human resources and curriculum development to achieve the expected goals. Keywords: Management, Development of Islamic Boarding School

Evaluation of the role of mast cells in parasitic infection

Mast cells (MCs) are important for controlling both bacterial and parasitic infections, including those caused by helminths. However, their role in combatting these infections is unclear. MCs have been shown to be essential for the successful expulsion of Trichinella spiralis worms and play a role in mounting the immune response towards a T helper 2 type. Intestinal infection with parasitic worms is associated with mastocytosis and the activation and release of specific mediators and cytokines. In this case, MCs play an essential role in the successful expulsion of gastrointestinal worms via their release of mediators that serve the central function of protecting a host from these parasites. Specifically, the functions of MCs in the expulsion of T. spiralis were investigated using MC deficient c-kit mutant KitW/W-v(W/W-v) models. However, in addition to MC deficiency, these mice have a number of other abnormalities, including anaemia and a lack of interstitial cells of Cajal. Hence, there is a need to identify a model of MC deficiency that is not associated with other abnormalities that could affect the interpretation of results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of MCs in the immune response of mice to a parasitic infection of T. spiralis. Immune responses were explored in two recently developed strains of MC-deficient mice, the c-kit model C57BL/6-KitW-sh/W-sh (Wsh/Wsh) mice and an inducible mast cell-deficient model, Mas-TRECK, to determine the role of mast cells in protection against the parasite. These mice were infected with T. spiralis larvae, and the progression of the infection and the immune responses generated were examined via the enumeration of worms and the analysis of the associated intestinal pathology, cytokine production and antibody responses. The results obtained from mast cell deficient Wsh/Wsh mice with low-level infection resulted in a significant worm burden in these mice compared to wild-type mice that showed complete expulsion of the parasite. This suggests that the delay was potentially caused by dose dependent effect as a high dose did not show a significant delay in the expulsion of T. spiralis worms. In addition, the development of enteropathy and lengths of both villi and crypts were similar in both the lower and higher infection groups, in both wild-type and Wsh/Wsh mice.;The immune responses were similar in wild-type and Wsh/Wsh mice as assessed by antigen-specific IgG1 levels, the total IgE levels and IL-4 levels. Moreover, Wsh/Wsh mice in both levels of infection were able to induce a significant marked mastocytosis, but they did not have significantly lower levels of mMCP-1 compared to wild-type mice. The results obtained from Mas-TRECK mice models showed no statistically significant differences between these mice and wild-type mice in the expulsion of T. spiralis worms. The enteropathy in Mas-TRECK mice following infection with T.spiralis was not significantly improved. In addition, the infection of Mas-TRECK mice did not induce a change in IgG2a levels compared with BALB/c mice, and no significant differences were observed in IgE levels or IL-4 levels in Mas-TRECK mice, compared with wild-type. In addition, Mas-TRECK were able to induce mastocytosis and did not have significantly lower levels of mMCP-1 following infection with T. spiralis, although they are considered to be MC-deficient, which suggests that MMCs may not be completely depleted in these mice. Mast cell activation was assessed using IgE-dependent MC activation to evaluate the ability of helminth antigens to activate mast cells through an immunoglobulin independent mechanism. An in vitro culture of bone marrow-derived mast cells(BMMCs) and peritoneal mast cells (PCMCs) used. Although cultured human MCs require stem cell factor (SCF) for growth, the expansion and growth of mouse MCs from bone marrow progenitors in the absence of SCF can be maintained with IL-3. It was found that stimulated PCMCs with Trichinella spiralis antigen (T. Ag) alone could activate mast cells to release IL-4 in all strains of mice. Moreover, the activation of PCMCs could be observed in the presence and absence of IgE, andC57BL/6 mice showed the greatest response to the stimulation and activation of PCMCs. BMMCs stimulated with helminth antigens led to similar secretions of mediators to those observed in wild-type mice, and all four strains of mice tended to secrete similar levels of mMCP-1. Overall, the present study concludes that MCs are crucial for protection against and expulsion of T. spiralis. However, it is evident that Wsh/Wsh and Mas-TRECK MC deficient mice are not entirely deficient in mucosal MC. Further studies are required to evaluate the benefits of different MC-deficient strains of mice and, particularly, to determine whether other abnormalities could have potentially affected the results of the present study.Mast cells (MCs) are important for controlling both bacterial and parasitic infections, including those caused by helminths. However, their role in combatting these infections is unclear. MCs have been shown to be essential for the successful expulsion of Trichinella spiralis worms and play a role in mounting the immune response towards a T helper 2 type. Intestinal infection with parasitic worms is associated with mastocytosis and the activation and release of specific mediators and cytokines. In this case, MCs play an essential role in the successful expulsion of gastrointestinal worms via their release of mediators that serve the central function of protecting a host from these parasites. Specifically, the functions of MCs in the expulsion of T. spiralis were investigated using MC deficient c-kit mutant KitW/W-v(W/W-v) models. However, in addition to MC deficiency, these mice have a number of other abnormalities, including anaemia and a lack of interstitial cells of Cajal. Hence, there is a need to identify a model of MC deficiency that is not associated with other abnormalities that could affect the interpretation of results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of MCs in the immune response of mice to a parasitic infection of T. spiralis. Immune responses were explored in two recently developed strains of MC-deficient mice, the c-kit model C57BL/6-KitW-sh/W-sh (Wsh/Wsh) mice and an inducible mast cell-deficient model, Mas-TRECK, to determine the role of mast cells in protection against the parasite. These mice were infected with T. spiralis larvae, and the progression of the infection and the immune responses generated were examined via the enumeration of worms and the analysis of the associated intestinal pathology, cytokine production and antibody responses. The results obtained from mast cell deficient Wsh/Wsh mice with low-level infection resulted in a significant worm burden in these mice compared to wild-type mice that showed complete expulsion of the parasite. This suggests that the delay was potentially caused by dose dependent effect as a high dose did not show a significant delay in the expulsion of T. spiralis worms. In addition, the development of enteropathy and lengths of both villi and crypts were similar in both the lower and higher infection groups, in both wild-type and Wsh/Wsh mice.;The immune responses were similar in wild-type and Wsh/Wsh mice as assessed by antigen-specific IgG1 levels, the total IgE levels and IL-4 levels. Moreover, Wsh/Wsh mice in both levels of infection were able to induce a significant marked mastocytosis, but they did not have significantly lower levels of mMCP-1 compared to wild-type mice. The results obtained from Mas-TRECK mice models showed no statistically significant differences between these mice and wild-type mice in the expulsion of T. spiralis worms. The enteropathy in Mas-TRECK mice following infection with T.spiralis was not significantly improved. In addition, the infection of Mas-TRECK mice did not induce a change in IgG2a levels compared with BALB/c mice, and no significant differences were observed in IgE levels or IL-4 levels in Mas-TRECK mice, compared with wild-type. In addition, Mas-TRECK were able to induce mastocytosis and did not have significantly lower levels of mMCP-1 following infection with T. spiralis, although they are considered to be MC-deficient, which suggests that MMCs may not be completely depleted in these mice. Mast cell activation was assessed using IgE-dependent MC activation to evaluate the ability of helminth antigens to activate mast cells through an immunoglobulin independent mechanism. An in vitro culture of bone marrow-derived mast cells(BMMCs) and peritoneal mast cells (PCMCs) used. Although cultured human MCs require stem cell factor (SCF) for growth, the expansion and growth of mouse MCs from bone marrow progenitors in the absence of SCF can be maintained with IL-3. It was found that stimulated PCMCs with Trichinella spiralis antigen (T. Ag) alone could activate mast cells to release IL-4 in all strains of mice. Moreover, the activation of PCMCs could be observed in the presence and absence of IgE, andC57BL/6 mice showed the greatest response to the stimulation and activation of PCMCs. BMMCs stimulated with helminth antigens led to similar secretions of mediators to those observed in wild-type mice, and all four strains of mice tended to secrete similar levels of mMCP-1. Overall, the present study concludes that MCs are crucial for protection against and expulsion of T. spiralis. However, it is evident that Wsh/Wsh and Mas-TRECK MC deficient mice are not entirely deficient in mucosal MC. Further studies are required to evaluate the benefits of different MC-deficient strains of mice and, particularly, to determine whether other abnormalities could have potentially affected the results of the present study