Carbon Nanomaterials-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Sensing Applications

Electrochemical sensors consisting of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are recurrent devices in the recent literature for applications in different fields of interest and contribute to the expanding electroanalytical chemistry field. This is due to inherent characteristics that can be better (or only) achieved with the use of SPEs, including miniaturization, cost reduction, lower sample consumption, compatibility with portable equipment, and disposability. SPEs are also quite versatile; they can be manufactured using different formulations of conductive inks and substrates, and are of varied designs. Naturally, the analytical performance of SPEs is directly affected by the quality of the material used for printing and modifying the electrodes. In this sense, the most varied carbon nanomaterials have been explored for the preparation and modification of SPEs, providing devices with an enhanced electrochemical response and greater sensitivity, in addition to functionalized surfaces that can immobilize biological agents for the manufacture of biosensors. Considering the relevance and timeliness of the topic, this review aimed to provide an overview of the current scenario of the use of carbonaceous nanomaterials in the context of making electrochemical SPE sensors, from which different approaches will be presented, exploring materials traditionally investigated in electrochemistry, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and those more recently investigated for this (carbon quantum dots, graphitic carbon nitride, and biochar). Perspectives on the use and expansion of these devices are also considered

Rickettsiae of the Spotted Fever group in dogs, horses and ticks: an epidemiological study in an endemic region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2015-10-13T13:54:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 elba_lemos_etal_IOC_2014.pdf: 206509 bytes, checksum: 6b69109e051f0d74835c5880eea3c73b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2015-10-13T13:54:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elba_lemos_etal_IOC_2014.pdf: 206509 bytes, checksum: 6b69109e051f0d74835c5880eea3c73b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2015-10-13T14:15:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elba_lemos_etal_IOC_2014.pdf: 206509 bytes, checksum: 6b69109e051f0d74835c5880eea3c73b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-13T14:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elba_lemos_etal_IOC_2014.pdf: 206509 bytes, checksum: 6b69109e051f0d74835c5880eea3c73b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Veterinária. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva Veterinária e Saúde Pública. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias (CPGCV).Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias (CPGCV).Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Escola Superior Batista do Amazonas. Curso de Medicina Veterinária. Manaus, AM, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias (CPGCV).Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Veterinária. Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Spotted fever is a disease of which Rickettsia rickettsii is the most pathogenic agent. Its transmission is by tick bites and the infected ticks can act as vectors, reservoirs or amplifiers. The purpose of this paper is to assess the potential of dogs and horses as sentinels for brazilian spotted fever (BSF) emergence and become acquainted with the tick species in a municipal region of Resende, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, where five BSF cases in man were registered. Dog and horse blood samples were collected from rural and periurban properties to assess IgG anti-Rickettsia rickettsii, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). First, an analysis was conducted to detect association between IFA results and answers obtained from a questionnaire. Afterwards, a multivariate investigation was undertaken that presented significant statistical differences. Ticks were collected directly from dogs and horses for taxonomic identification. Out of the 107 canine serum samples, 30 (28.0%) were reactive, with titers varying from 1:64 to 1:4096, and 77 (72.0%) were not reactive. Of 96 animals in the serum analysis of horses, 9 (9.4%) were reactive, all with titers of 1:64, and 87 (90.6%) were non-reactive. The tick species collected from dogs were Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma ovale, Rhipicephalus microplus and nymphs of Amblyomma sp., R. sanguineus and R. microplus. Adult ticks gathered from horses were A. cajennense, R. microplus and Dermacentor nitens, in addition to nymphs of Amblyomma sp., R. microplus and D. nitens. The results suggest that: (i) the habit of dogs entering forests and living in rural environments positively influenced the presence of anti- -rickettsiae of the spotted fever group serum antibodies, (ii) horses were not good sentinels for this study area and (iii) R. sanguineus as well as A. cajennense ticks were the most prevalent ixodidae fauna of the region

Ano IX, número 17

Espaço e Economia: Revista Brasileira de Geografia Econômica dedica esta edição especial à primeira parte do Dossiê Coronavírus

ANO VIII, número 16

Espaço e Economia: Revista Brasileira de Geografia Econômica encerra o ano de 2019 com mais uma edição e publicização da terceira e última parte dos artigos apresentados no III Colóquio Espaço e Economia: Transformações no capitalismo mundial e a produção social do espaço: novos arranjos territoriais e a economia política do desenvolvimento, realizado na Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre os dias 10 e 12 de junho de 2019

Características da assistência ao trabalho de parto e parto em três modelos de atenção no SUS, no Município de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil Characteristics of labor and delivery care in three healthcare models within the Unified National Health System in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Estudo transversal com 831 gestantes, de risco habitual, sobre o manejo do trabalho de parto num Centro de Parto Normal (CPN), num hospital vencedor do título "Galba de Araújo" (HG) e numa maternidade com modelo assistencial prevalente (HP). O uso da ocitocina no CPN foi de 27,9%, no HG 59,5% e no HP 40,1%, enquanto a amniotomia foi realizada em 67,6%, 73,6% e 82,2% das mulheres, respectivamente. A realização da episiotomia foi menor nas modalidades com incorporação de práticas humanizadas: 7,2% no CPN e 14,8% no HG versus 54,9% no HP. A prática de oferta liberal no HG resultou numa taxa de analgesia superior (54,4%) à do HP (7,7%). O percentual de internação dos recém-nascidos e o de parto a fórceps foram mais altas no HP, mas não houve diferenças para o índice de Apgar e para a taxa de cesárea. Os resultados sugerem resistência ao uso seletivo de intervenções em todos os modelos assistenciais, embora favoreçam o CPN como estratégia no controle das intervenções durante o trabalho de parto e parto nas gestantes de risco habitual sem prejuízos para as mulheres e os recém-nascidos.<br>This cross-sectional study of 831 low-risk pregnancies compared the management of labor and delivery in a birthing center, a hospital that had previously won the "Galba de Araújo" Award (for excellence in obstetric and neonatal care), and a standard-protocol maternity facility. The rates for use of ocytocin during labor were 27.9%, 59.5%, and 40.1%, while amniotomy was performed in 67.6%, 73.6%, and 82.2% of the women, respectively. Episiotomy rates were lower in the first two facilities, which have adopted patient-centered obstetric practices (7.2% at the birthing center and 14.8% at the award-winning hospital) as compared to 54.9% at the standard maternity facility. The liberal offer of epidural anesthesia at the awarding-winning hospital resulted in a higher anesthesia rate (54.4%) as compared to the standard facility (7.7%). Forceps delivery and neonatal admission rates were higher in the standard hospital, but there were no differences in mean Apgar or cesarean rates. The findings suggest resistance to selective use of interventions in all three models of obstetric care, although favoring the birthing center as a strategy for controlling interventions during labor and childbirth in low-risk pregnancies, with no resulting harm to the mothers or newborns

Organizational factors associated with adherence to low tidal volume ventilation: a secondary analysis of the CHECKLIST-ICU database

Background: Survival benefit from low tidal volume (VT) ventilation (LTVV) has been demonstrated for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and patients not having ARDS could also benefit from this strategy. Organizational factors may play a role on adherence to LTVV. The present study aimed to identify organizational factors with an independent association with adherence to LTVV. Methods: Secondary analysis of the database of a multicenter two-phase study (prospective cohort followed by a cluster-randomized trial) performed in 118 Brazilian intensive care units. Patients under mechanical ventilation at day 2 were included. LTVV was defined as a VT ≤ 8 ml/kg PBW on the second day of ventilation. Data on the type and number of beds of the hospital, teaching status, nursing, respiratory therapists and physician staffing, use of structured checklist, and presence of protocols were tested. A multivariable mixed-effect model was used to assess the association between organizational factors and adherence to LTVV. Results: The study included 5719 patients; 3340 (58%) patients received LTVV. A greater number of hospital beds (absolute difference 7.43% [95% confidence interval 0.61–14.24%]; p = 0.038), use of structured checklist during multidisciplinary rounds (5.10% [0.55–9.81%]; p = 0.030), and presence of at least one nurse per 10 patients during all shifts (17.24% [0.85–33.60%]; p = 0.045) were the only three factors that had an independent association with adherence to LTVV. Conclusions: Number of hospital beds, use of a structured checklist during multidisciplinary rounds, and nurse staffing are organizational factors associated with adherence to LTVV. These findings shed light on organizational factors that may improve ventilation in critically ill patients