Study of composed of insertion graphite hydride of sodium by electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR)

From the electronic point of view, graphite is a semi metal, the density of the charge carriers is approximately 10-4 by carbon atom. Insertion in the graphite of made up donors of electrons, is accompanied by a strong increase in conductivity in the plan and along the axis c. Reaction of the sodium hydride with the graphite led to the formation of ternary hydrogenated compounds of different stages. The electronic paramagnetic resonance applied to these compounds indicates the conducting character of these species.From the electronic point of view, graphite is a semi metal, the density of the charge carriers is approximately 10-4 by carbon atom. Insertion in the graphite of made up donors of electrons, is accompanied by a strong increase in conductivity in the plan and along the axis c. Reaction of the sodium hydride with the graphite led to the formation of ternary hydrogenated compounds of different stages. The electronic paramagnetic resonance applied to these compounds indicates the conducting character of these species

Avaliação da Conservação de Couve Minimamente Processada pela Medida do Tempo de Relaxação Transversal da RMN.

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Global health learning outcomes for pharmacy students in the UK

Context : The pharmacy world is a highly globalised environment. Pharmacy graduates must therefore be adequately prepared. The question for educators is, how best to prepare our students. We propose that integrating global health learning outcomes within the core curriculum would ensure that all students – irrespective of their personal interest and intended work sector - are engaged with global issues. / Description: Internal discussions were held with representatives from all disciplines within University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy and existing curriculum documents were reviewed. A draft set of learning outcomes was proposed and then revised following consultation with representatives from the United Kingdom (UK) pharmacy profession and others with an interest in global health. / Evaluation: Analysis of the consultation data led to the derivation of a revised set of global health learning outcomes for pharmacy. / Future plan: Embedding and assessing global health learning outcomes within the UCL School of Pharmacy’s undergraduate curriculum is now our focus

The Global Pharmacist

Globalisation can facilitate improvements in health through the speed and ease of shared information, advances in health care delivery and health policy, and the enhanced pace of discovery through international research collaborations. However, there are associated potential risks to health such as the spread of communicable diseases and antibiotic-resistance. Current international priorities in the development, supply and use of medicines reflect the influence of globalisation. This is relevant to all aspects of contemporary pharmacy, and means that graduates are increasingly working in a globalised profession

Medida Rápida e Simultânea dos Tempos de Relaxação Longitudinal e Transversal por RMN-CWFP.

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Atomic-scale Interaction Dynamics in Few-layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7-August 11, 201

Gap modification of atomically thin boron nitride by phonon mediated interactions

A theory is presented for the modification of bandgaps in atomically thin boron nitride (BN) by attractive interactions mediated through phonons in a polarizable substrate, or in the BN plane. Gap equations are solved, and gap enhancements are found to range up to 70% for dimensionless electron-phonon coupling \lambda=1, indicating that a proportion of the measured BN bandgap may have a phonon origin

THE USE OF NATURAL MATERIALS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LEACHATES OF THE AGADIR DUMP

Within the perspective of adopting effective solutions to the problems related to the burial of urban waste and its resulting harmful effects on both the environment and the human health, suitable actions should be taken to remedy the shortcomings of this somehow primitive method of waste disposal, namely those of the generated leachates. Because of their high pollutant load, leachates have to undergo a treatment of purification before being discharged into the environment.The focus of our study is to develop a simple technique to reduce the pollutant load of leachates in the technical burying center (TBC) of solid waste in Tamellast, Grand Agadir. This technique is based on the treatment of leachates through aeration followed by a percolation-infiltration on sand. The sand used is raw titaniferous sand (RTS) which is very abundant in the region of Agadir. Young leachate samples issued from fresh urban waste were collected at TBC, Tamellast. The physicochemical analyses of the young leachates show that their pH is very acidic, the values of conductivity are very important and greatly exceed the normal limit value specified for the discharges (2.7 mS / cm). The levels of biodegradable organic matter are important (the COD and BOD5 values are 17800 mg of O2 / L and 9100 mg of O2 / L, respectively). The aeration of leachate by injecting air has increased electrical conductivity due to the different chemical and biological reactions involved in the treatment. However, the values of COD and BOD5 have decreased. This decrease shows the significant effect of aeration on the reduction of polluting organic matter. The ratio BOD5 / COD is greater than 0.5 and shows that the treated leachate is of a very good biodegradability. After aeration, the young leachate was infiltrated by percolation on a sand column. The BOD5 value reached 280 mg of O2 / L (the BOD5 limit value of direct discharge = 300 mg of O2 / L) and the COD value is 540 mg of O2 / L (the limit value of direct release COD = 600 mg of O2 / L). The technique developed in this study led to high abatement rates (96.96% for COD and 97% for BOD5) in organic matter and lower COD and BOD5 values

Community exposure and vulnerability to water quality and availability: a case study in the mining-affected Pazña Municipality, Lake Poopó Basin, Bolivian Altiplano

This is the final version of the article. Available from Springer Verlag via the DOI in this record.Assessing water sources for drinking and irrigation along with community vulnerability, especially in developing and rural regions, is important for reducing risk posed by poor water quality and limited water availability and accessibility. We present a case study of rural mining-agricultural communities in the Lake Poopó Basin, one of the poorest regions on the Bolivian Altiplano. Here, relatively low rainfall, high evaporation, salinization and unregulated mining activity have contributed to environmental degradation and water issues, which is a situation facing many Altiplano communities. Social data from 72 households and chemical water quality data from 27 surface water and groundwater sites obtained between August 2013 and July 2014 were used to develop locally relevant vulnerability assessment methodologies and ratings with respect to water availability and quality, and Chemical Water Quality Hazard Ratings to assess water quality status. Levels of natural and mining-related contamination in many waters (CWQHR ≥ 6; 78% of assessed sites) mean that effective remediation would be challenging and require substantial investment. Although waters of fair to good chemical quality (CWQHR ≤ 5; 22% of assessed sites) do exist, treatment may still be required depending on use, and access issues remain problematic. There is a need to comply with water quality legislation, improve and maintain basic water supply and storage infrastructure, build and operate water and wastewater treatment plants, and adequately and safely contain and treat mine waste. This study serves as a framework that could be used elsewhere for assessing and mitigating water contamination and availability affecting vulnerable populations.This project was funded by the University College London (UCL) Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction and the Catholic Agency for Overseas Development (CAFOD) under the initiative of water risk and its management in Bolivia’s Altiplano development strategy, which was led by Stephen Edwards. The Natural Environment Research Council Probability, Uncertainty and Risk in the Environment grant PA13-010 (risk visualisation and quantification for enhanced disaster risk reduction) to Stephen Edwards informed the approach to and outputs from the project

In Vitro Activities of Ertapenem and Imipenem against Clinical Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Collected in Military Teaching Hospital Mohammed V of Rabat

Objective. To study the sensitivity level of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae to Carbapenems (Imipenem, Ertapenem) marketed in Morocco and discusses the place of Ertapenem in the treatment of extended spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of 110 extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Isolates obtained from blood cultures, superficial and deep pus, and catheters were conducted. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Imipenem and Ertapenem were done by the E-test. The modified Hodge test was conducted for resistant or intermediate strains. Results. 99.1% of isolates were susceptible to Imipenem. For Ertapenem, 4 were resistant and 4 intermediate. The modified Hodge test was positive for all 08 isolates. A minimum inhibitory concentration comparison of K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, and E. coli for Imipenem has noted a significant difference between E. cloacae on one hand and E. coli, K. pneumoniae on the other hand (<0.01). No significant difference was noted for minimum inhibitory concentration of Ertapenem. Conclusion. Our results confirm in vitro effectiveness of Ertapenem against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as reported elsewhere. However, the emergence of resistance to Carbapenems revealed by production of carbapenemases in this study confirmed a necessary bacteriological documented infection before using Ertapenem