Sistema d'adquisició de dades d'un acceleròmetre utilitzant instrumentació virtual

[cat] Aquest article descriu com realitzar un sistema d'adquisició de dades utilitzant instrumentació virtual. A través de l'aplicació LabVIEW es mostra el codi necessari per obtenir les dades d'un acceleròmetre i quin hardware necessitam per transmetre els senyals captats pel sensor fins a l'ordinador. A més, es descriuen algunes de les múltiples aplicacions que es poden realitzar amb els components que conformen aquest sistema com, per exemple, la realització d'un airbag o d'un videojoc

Situación laboral de la enfermeras recién tituladas en una Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería. Análisis de las tres primeras promociones de Grado en Enfermería

Resumen.______________________________________________ Objetivo: Identificar las condiciones laborales de los titulados de la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería de Teruel. Identificar los elementos que han favorecido la contratación laboral. Conocer la opinión de los titulados de grado en Enfermería sobre los factores que favorecen la ocupación. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Instrumento: Cuestionario semiestructurado cumplimentado vía internet. Población diana: Todos los titulados en la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería de Teruel desde la instauración de los estudios de grado (tres promociones). Resultados: El 46,5% de los encuestados vivía con sus padres en el momento del estudio. El tiempo transcurrido entre la fecha de graduación y la firma del primer contrato es de una media de 167,96 días (D.E.=157.086). El 83% de los contratos firmados tras terminar los estudios fueron de tipo temporal. El 20,9% de los sujetos tenían pensado presentarse al próximo examen E.I.R. El 32,6% de los encuestados opinó que el máster universitario es el estudio postgrado que más favorece la ocupación laboral, frente a un 44,2% que creía que ninguno de los posibles estudios postgrado favorecen el encuentro de empleo. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de inserción laboral es bajo y el tiempo medio hasta la primera contratación es elevado. El modelo de bolsa de empleo, basado en los requerimientos puntuales de personal, dificulta la inserción laboral de los recién titulados en enfermería. La independencia en vivienda no aumenta a la vez que lo hace la independencia económica. La contratación por parte de entidades privadas es prácticamente nula. Palabras clave: Empleo, Recién titulados, Enfermería, Situación laboral, contratación.<br /

Flow organization in the wake of a rib in a turbulent boundary layer with pressure gradient

The effect of a streamwise pressure gradient on the wake developed by wall-attached square ribs in a turbulent boundary layer is investigated experimentally. Favourable-, adverse- and zero-pressure-gradient conditions (FPG, APG and ZPG, respectively) are reproduced at matched friction Reynolds number and non-dimensional rib height. Flow-field measurements are carried out by means of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Turbulence statistics are extracted at high resolution using an Ensemble Particle Tracking Velocimetry approach. Modal analysis is performed with Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). We demonstrate that a non-dimensional expression of the pressure gradient and shear stress is needed to quantify the pressure-gradient effects in the wake developing past wall-attached ribs. We suggest the Clauser pressure-gradient parameter , commonly used in the literature for the characterization of turbulent boundary layers under the effect of a pressure gradient, as a suitable parameter. The results show that, in presence of an adverse pressure gradient, the recirculation region downstream of the rib is increased in size, thus delaying the reattachment, and that the peak of turbulence intensity and the shed eddies are shifted towards larger wall-normal distances than in the ZPG case. The observed changes with respect to the ZPG configuration appear more intense for larger magnitude of , which are more likely to be obtained in APG than in FPG due to the reduced skin friction and increased displacement thickness.CSV, SD, AI, RÖ and PS were partially supported by the Grant DPI2016-79401-R funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (SRA) and European Regional Development Fund. RÖ, RV and PS acknowledge the financial support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg (KAW) Foundation as part of the Wallenberg Academy Fellow programme and the Lundeqvist foundation

Exploring Blue Spaces' Effects on Childhood Leukaemia Incidence: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Spain

Background: Blue spaces have been a key part of human evolution, providing resources and helping economies develop. To date, no studies have been carried out to explore how they may be linked to paediatric oncological diseases. Objectives: To explore the possible relationship of residential proximity to natural and urban blue spaces on childhood leukaemia. Methods: A population-based case–control study was conducted in four regions of Spain across the period 2000–2018. A total of 936 incident cases and 5616 controls were included, individually matched by sex, year of birth and place of residence. An exposure proxy with four distances (250 m, 500 m, 750 m, and 1 km) to blue spaces was built using the geographical coordinates of the participants’ home residences. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for blue-space exposure were calculated for overall childhood leukaemia, and the acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) subtypes, with adjustment for socio-demographic and environmental covariates. Results: A decrease in overall childhood leukaemia and ALL-subtype incidence was found as we came nearer to children’s places of residence, showing, for the study as a whole, a reduced incidence at 250 m (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77; 95%CI = 0.60–0.97), 500 m (OR = 0.78; 95%CI = 0.65–0.93), 750 m (OR = 0.80; 95%CI = 0.69–0.93), and 1000 m (OR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.72–0.97). AML model results showed an increasing incidence at closest to subjects’ homes (OR at 250m = 1.06; 95%CI=0.63–1.71). Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible association between lower childhood leukaemia incidence and blue-space proximity. This study is a first approach to blue spaces’ possible effects on childhood leukaemia incidence; consequently, it is necessary to continue studying these spaces—while taking into account more individualised data and other possible environmental risk factors.This study was funded by Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain (grant numbers PI19CIII/00025, PI16CIII/00009, EPY-505/19-PFIS), and Spain’s Health Research Fund (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-FIS grant number 12/01416). The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.S

Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone

Exploring Urban Green Spaces' Effect against Traffic Exposure on Childhood Leukaemia Incidence

Background: Several environmental factors seem to be involved in childhood leukaemia incidence. Traffic exposure could increase the risk while urban green spaces (UGS) exposure could reduce it. However, there is no evidence how these two factors interact on this infant pathology. Objectives: to evaluate how residential proximity to UGS could be an environmental protective factor against traffic exposure on childhood leukaemia incidence. Methods: A population-based case control study was conducted across thirty Spanish regions during the period 2000-2018. It included 2526 incident cases and 15,156, individually matched by sex, year-of-birth, and place-of-residence. Using the geographical coordinates of the participants' home residences, a 500 m proxy for exposure to UGS was built. Annual average daily traffic (AADT) was estimated for all types of roads 100 m near the children's residence. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), UGS, traffic exposure, and their possible interactions were calculated for overall childhood leukaemia, and the acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) subtypes, with adjustment for socio-demographic covariates. Results: We found an increment of childhood leukaemia incidence related to traffic exposure, for every 100 AADT increase the incidence raised 1.1% (95% CI: 0.58-1.61%). UGS exposure showed an incidence reduction for the highest exposure level, Q5 (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.54-0.72). Regression models with both traffic exposure and UGS exposure variables showed similar results but the interaction was not significant. Conclusions: Despite their opposite effects on childhood leukaemia incidence individually, our results do not suggest a possible interaction between both exposures. This is the first study about the interaction of these two environmental factors; consequently, it is necessary to continue taking into account more individualized data and other possible environmental risk factors involved.This study was funded by Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain (grant numbers PI19CIII/00025, PI16CIII/00009 and EPY-505/19-PFIS), and Spain’s Health Research Fund (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-FIS grant number 12/01416). The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.S

Prevención de incendios rurales estivales 2021 en los partidos de Villarino y Patagones, Buenos Aires. Enero 2021

En los partidos de Villarino y Patagones, se observa una concordancia entre los incendios producidos y el último informe presentado. Se observa escasa precipitación, baja humedad relativa y alta evapotranspiración. La presencia de una carga importante de vegetación, de material fino muerto y vegetación anual establece las condiciones para el posible inicio de incendios y su propagación. Habría temperaturas en paulatino ascenso con valores elevados a partir del martes 12 de enero acompañado por vientos moderados a intensos del sector norte, humedad relativa baja que podría generar nuevos focos. A partir del 15 de enero existe la probabilidad de tormentas eléctricas con escasa o nula precipitación precedente que podrían ocasionar focos naturales.Fil: Casella, Alejandra Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Ramis, Vanesa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Gattinoni, Natalia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Pezzola, Néstor Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Winschel, Cristina Ines. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; Argentin

Effects of the COVID-19 Health Crisis on Sports Practice, Life Quality, and Emotional Status in Spanish High-Performance Athletes

Ajuts: This work belongs to the "Efectos de la nueva normalidad por crisis sanitaria COVID-19 en la práctica deportiva, la calidad de vida y el estado emocional de los deportistas de élite en España, EASED (CoV-19)" project, supported by San Antonio Catholic University (UCAM) (Plan Propio, PMAFICOVID19/19), Murcia, Spain.Spain is one of the many countries highly affected by the COVID-19 crisis, establishing very restrictive measures with a complete lockdown for more than 3 months. This situation forced the complete closure of sport practice and national or international competitions, leading to a negative impact on physical and psychological health of high-performance athletes. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (a) to determine the effects of the COVID-19 health crisis on Spanish high-performance athletes in terms of sports practice, life quality, and emotional state and (b) to identify the profile with the greatest difficulties during and after the lockdown. A sample of 130 high-performance athletes aged between 18 and 34 years (67 women and 63 men) participated in this study (83.1% achieved a medal in National-International elite competitions; 86.9% were considered student-athletes). Measures included socio-demographic data through a 5-dimension ad hoc survey: physical activity and exercise using an adapted version from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) ; health status and limitations using an adapted version of SF-12 Health Questionnaire ; Perceived stress (Short-PSS) ; and Mood States (29-item POMS). All participants have shown a significant decrease pre-post-lockdown in both health and performance perception, especially in women, individual athletes, medalists, and student-athletes. Strong limitations of training, attention, and motivation as well as a moderate negative emotional state during lockdown were reported, in women, individual athletes, medalists, and student-athletes. Even with an improved emotional state and energy level in the post-lockdown period, moderate-to-high stress scores were reported by women and medalists. Our findings highlight the importance of paying attention to the physical and psychological health of elite athletes on three profiles: team athletes (due to social distance), student-athletes (dual-career issues), and women athletes (prevalence of implicit gender inequalities in sport)

Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) topsoil levels and incidence of childhood leukemias

There are few well-established risk factors for childhood leukemias. While the frequency of childhood leukemias might be partially attributable to some diseases (accounting for a small fraction of cases) or ionizing radiation, the role of heavy metals has not been assessed. The objective of our study was to assess the potential association between levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (PB) in soil and childhood leukemias incidence. We conducted a population-based case-control study of childhood leukaemia in Spain, covering 2897 incident cases gathered from the Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumours and including 14 Spanish Regions with a total population of 5,307,433 children (period 1996-2015). Cd and Pb bioavailable levels at every children's home address were estimated using data from the Geochemical Atlas of Spain. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs); we included as covariates: sex, rurality, employment rate and socioeconomic status. Metal levels were analysed according to two definitions: as continuous variable assuming linearity and as categorical variables to explore a potentially nonlinear association (quantiles). Increases in both Cd and Pb topsoil levels were associated with increased probability of childhood leukemias incidence. The results for the models with the continuous variables showed that a unit increase on the topsoil level was associated with an OR of 1.11 for Cd (95%CI 1.00-1.24) and an OR of 1.10 for Pb (95%CI 0.99-1.21). Our study may point towards a possible link between residential Cd and Pb topsoil levels and the probability of childhood leukemias incidence. Residing in a location with the highest concentrations of these heavy metals compared to those locations with the lowest could increase the risk around a 20%, for both Cd and Pb.This work was supported by Carlos III Health Institute: FIS 12/01416, AESI PI16CIII/00009, AESI PI19CIII/00025.S

Identificación de factores medioambientales en Cancer-Infantil: Protocolo de estudio de investigación

[ES] Los efectos en salud de la exposición a factores medio ambientales son un problema difícil de estudiar, pero la mayor disponibilidad de datos, el desarrollo de métodos estadísticos de análisis espacial y de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) han permitido avanzar en esta dirección. En el caso de los datos, la disponibilidad de registros públicos permite identificar focos emisores. El cáncer infantil es la primera causa de mortalidad infantil por enfermedad en España, donde cada año se diagnostican más de 1.100 casos en niños/as de entre 0 y 14 años. Las causas de estas patologías son muy poco conocidas y el papel de la exposición a factores de riesgo medioambientales es una de las hipótesis más estudiadas en la actualidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es la presentación del protocolo de un estudio de investigación diseñado para identificar factores de riesgo medioambientales en cáncer infantil usando herramientas de análisis espacial y de SIG, e información ambiental de bases de datos de acceso público. Los factores medioambientales estudiados son: contaminación industrial, contaminación urbana, contaminación por tráfico, cercanía a cultivos susceptibles de ser tratados con pesticidas, índice socio-económico y cercanía a espacios verdes urbanos.[EN] The health effects associated to exposure to environmental factors are difficult to study, nonetheless the greater availability of data, the development of statistical methods of spatial analysis and geographic information systems (GIS) have allowed to progress in this direction. As regards of data, the availability of public records and data bases make it possible to identify emission sources.Childhood cancer is the leading cause of infant mortality due to disease in Spain, where more than 1,100 cases are diagnosed each year in children between 0 and 14 years of age. The causes of these pathologies are mostly unknown and the role of exposure to environmental risk factors is one of the most studied hypotheses at present. The objective of this work is the presentation of a protocol for a research study designed to identify environmental risk factors in childhood cancer using spatial analysis and GIS tools, and environmental information from public access databases. The environmental factors studied are: industrial pollution, urban pollution, traffic pollution, proximity to crops that can be treated with pesticides, socio-economic index and proximity to urban green spaces