Franz Kafka y el Estado de indefensión

1 archivo PDF (12 páginas). fhtrigintatresEl presente trabajo es un análisis comparativo de la novela "El proceso" y el relato "En la colonia penitenciaria" ambas son obras de Franz Kafka. Considero aquí que Kafka utilizó la pluma y el papel como un verdadero medio de denuncia, a través del cual, sus profecías y metáforas sobre el poder del Estado pueden hacerse reales en la actualidad jurídica mexicana, mostrándose así, que ámbitos específicos del derecho, como el mexicano, necesitan “rehumanizarse”; lo cual realmente sería en beneficio de todos. El universo kafkiano podría estar más cerca de lo que suponemos. Este trabajo también quiere ayudar a comprender críticamente, las bases actuales del derecho mexicano, que aparecen, en primer lugar, como un laberíntico procedimentalismo jurídico, y finalmente, parecen haber hecho de la coerción su símbolo distintivo

Water resources and freshwater aquaculture development of Yucatan, Mexico

The suitability of aquaculture for inland water bodies in the State of Yucatan, a karstic area of southeast Mexico was investigated. Five types of water bodies distinct in morphometric and hydrological characteristics were identified through land-based surveys. Representative sites for each were selected for further study: a sinkhole, a permanent aguada (clogged sinkhole), a rain-filled seasonal pond, a small 9 ha) gravel quarry. The water quality in all of the sites had a high pH (range 7.2-9.4) alkalinity (range 130-840 mg/l CaC03) and hardness (range 198-998mg CaC03). Their nutrient status varied from the permanently stratified and hypereutrophic conditions in the permanent aguada, to oligotrophic conditions in gravel quarries. In general, the water quality resulted adequate for fish culture in the gravel quarries, the sinkhole and in the seasonal pond, but ecological considerations prevented sinkholes for aquaculture development. Aquaculture trials involving the stocking of fry of the native cichlid Cichlasoma urophthalmus and O. niloticus in seasonal ponds and a small gravel quarry demonstrated the feasibility of neglected water bodies for small-scale aquaculture. A net yield of 180 Kg/ha/6 months was obtained from a gravel quarry fertilised with grass Panicum virgatum and stocked with C. urophthalmus. Yields from seasonal ponds were 157Kg/ha of O. niloticus from a small (0.010 ha), and 30 kg/ha of C. urophthalmus from a large (1.11 ha) seasonal pond (no fertilisation or feeding. An environmental impact assessment was carried out at an experimental cage site in gravel quarry. An estimated 0.02 kg of phosphorus was wasted per kg fish produced. A socioeconomic survey on attitudes towards aquaculture adoption was carried out in four agricultural villages and a fishing port. This led to the construction and operation of a small pond demonstration unit. Results suggest that farmers are receptive and adoption of aquaculture as a complementary activity may be feasible and beneficial to rural development, especially in areas with existing water bodies. Economic modelling of the different production units involved showed returns to labour higher than the average agricultural wage. A computer-based Geographical Information System identified areas suitable for aquacultural development. Two major areas were identified: the northern Karst plains where gravel quarries are abundant and suitable for intensive cage-culture; and the southern hilly region where small-scale seasonal aquaculture could be developed

Debunking the Myths: International Commercial Arbitration and Section 1782(a)

International commercial arbitration continues to be the preferred dispute resolution mechanism for cross-border commercial disputes. Its popularity resides not only in the allure of efficient and flexible proceedings, but in the prospect of having highly qualified and reputable experts decide cases without the danger of national biases. Despite it being a private method of dispute resolution, international arbitration ultimately relies on an intergovernmental legal framework that allows enforcement of arbitral awards in over 150 countries in the world. Yet, arbitrators are constrained in their search for truth; they lack the coercive power to compel parties and non-parties to produce evidence that may be crucial to the outcome of the proceedings

Rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae (Myomorpha: Cricetidae) as hosts for South American hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) with hypotheses on life history

Historical information shows that Sigmodontinae are irrelevant hosts for South American ticks of the genera Haemaphysalis Koch, Rhipicephalus Koch and Dermacentor Koch. Nine Amblyomma Koch species were found on Sigmodontinae but only Amblyomma triste Koch, 1844 appears strongly related to them. Eighteen species of Ixodes Latreille were determined on these hosts. Four species sporadically infest Sigmodontinae; eight are found mostly on Sigmodontinae but the records are too few for any inference. Six: I. amarali Fonseca, 1935, I. longiscutatus Boero, 1944, I. loricatus Neumann, 1899, I. luciae Sénevet, 1940, Ixodes sigelos Keirans, Clifford and Corwin, 1976 and I. venezuelensis Kohls, 1953 are usual parasites of Sigmodontinae. It is proposed that the Ixodes-Sigmodontinae relationship evolved from a South American tick ancestor parasite of Didelphidae. Their descendants are two extant clades, one formed by I. loricatus-I. luciae defined by analysis of 16S rDNA sequences further including I. amarali and I. schulzei by morphological affinities. These species (I. schulzei excluded) have adult ticks feeding on Didelphidae and sub-adult ticks feeding on Didelphidae and several species from five sigmodontin tribes. The second clade is formed by I. abrocomae Lahille, 1916 (known from few specimens, mostly collected from Sigmodontinae), I. sigelos (mainly a parasite of Sigmodontinae), I. stilesi Neumann, 1911 (parasite of deer), and possibly I. taglei Kohls, 1969 (parasite of deer) by morphological affinity. This clade is related to I. neuquenensis Ringuelet, 1947, an exclusive parasite of Dromiciops gliroides Thomas (Microbiotheriidae Ameghino).Fil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentin

Hosts of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch,1844 (Acari: Ixodidae)

Host records of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 from the literature were critically reviewed. A total of 417 records on 101 species of tetrapods, and 193 records in 74 species of tetrapods were determined for A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. Aves have been found only once infested with A. dissimile. This tick has been detected on four species of Bufonidae, while A. rotundatum has been recorded on 13 species from six families of Anura. Crocodilia has been recorded infested by A. rotundatum (captive host, one species) and A. dissimile (two species). Sixteen species of Mammalia from ten families and eight species from eight families have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, including humans, respectively. A total of 63 species of Squamata (10 families) were found infested with A. dissimile, while the corresponding numbers for A. rotundatum are 45 species in nine families. A total of 15 species of Testudines (four families) and nine species (three families) have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. When infestation on captive and laboratory hosts were excluded from the analysis the number of species naturally infested with A. dissimile diminished to 88 and 58 for A. rotundatum. However, natural hosts infested with larvae, nymphs and adults of A. dissimile are Bufo marinus (Linnaeus), Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, Proechimys semispinosus (Tomes), Boa constrictor Linnaeus, Epicrates striatus (Fischer), Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler), Cyclura cychlura (Cuvier), Iguana iguana (Linnaeus), Tupinambis teguixin (Linnaeus) and Trachemys scripta (Thunberg), but the commonest hosts harbouring all parasitic stages are B. marinus, B. constrictor and /. iguana. Hosts for all parasitic stages of A. rotundatum are B. marinus, Bufo schneiden Werner and B. constrictor, although records on B. marinus are considerably higher than the records on the other two hosts. The contribution of sheep and Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus) as hosts of A. dissimile, and Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus as host of A. rotundatum, were overestimated in previous studies. The ample host-range of these tick species may partly explain their wide distribution from southern U.S.A. to northern Argentina, but there are also chances that more than one species are represented under the names A. dissimile and A. rotundatum.Fil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin

Hosts of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch,1844 (Acari: Ixodidae)

Host records of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 from the literature were critically reviewed. A total of 417 records on 101 species of tetrapods, and 193 records in 74 species of tetrapods were determined for A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. Aves have been found only once infested with A. dissimile. This tick has been detected on four species of Bufonidae, while A. rotundatum has been recorded on 13 species from six families of Anura. Crocodilia has been recorded infested by A. rotundatum (captive host, one species) and A. dissimile (two species). Sixteen species of Mammalia from ten families and eight species from eight families have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, including humans, respectively. A total of 63 species of Squamata (10 families) were found infested with A. dissimile, while the corresponding numbers for A. rotundatum are 45 species in nine families. A total of 15 species of Testudines (four families) and nine species (three families) have been found infested with A. dissimile and A. rotundatum, respectively. When infestation on captive and laboratory hosts were excluded from the analysis the number of species naturally infested with A. dissimile diminished to 88 and 58 for A. rotundatum. However, natural hosts infested with larvae, nymphs and adults of A. dissimile are Bufo marinus (Linnaeus), Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, Proechimys semispinosus (Tomes), Boa constrictor Linnaeus, Epicrates striatus (Fischer), Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler), Cyclura cychlura (Cuvier), Iguana iguana (Linnaeus), Tupinambis teguixin (Linnaeus) and Trachemys scripta (Thunberg), but the commonest hosts harbouring all parasitic stages are B. marinus, B. constrictor and /. iguana. Hosts for all parasitic stages of A. rotundatum are B. marinus, Bufo schneiden Werner and B. constrictor, although records on B. marinus are considerably higher than the records on the other two hosts. The contribution of sheep and Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus) as hosts of A. dissimile, and Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus as host of A. rotundatum, were overestimated in previous studies. The ample host-range of these tick species may partly explain their wide distribution from southern U.S.A. to northern Argentina, but there are also chances that more than one species are represented under the names A. dissimile and A. rotundatum.Fil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin

Natural Language Generation and Fuzzy Sets : An Exploratory Study on Geographical Referring Expression Generation

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (grant TIN2014-56633-C3-1-R) and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF/FEDER) and the Galician Ministry of Education (grants GRC2014/030 and CN2012/151). Alejandro Ramos-Soto is supported by the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (FPI Fellowship Program) under grant BES-2012-051878.Postprin

Ornithodoros quilinensis sp. nov. (Acari, Argasidae), a new tick species from the Chacoan region in Argentina

Ornithodoros quilinensis sp. nov. (Acari: Argasidae) is described from larvae collected on the small rodents Graomys centralis (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina. The diagnostic characters for this new species are a combination of small size (520-540 μm), a dorsal plate oval in shape with a length of approximately 200 μm, 14 pairs of dorsal setae, hypostome short and narrower at the base (length from Ph1 to apex 133 μm (120-141)) with dental formula 2/2 and apex blunt, and the capsule of the Haller's organ irregular in shape and without reticulations. The analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences available for the genus Ornithodoros indicate that, phylogenetically, O. quilinensis represents an independent lineage only related to a Bolivian tick species of the genus Ornithodoros yet not formally described.Fil: Venzal, José M.. Universidad de la Republica, Salto; UruguayFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Eea, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Mangold, Atilio Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Eea, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Mastropaolo, Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Eea, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Casás, Gustavo. UNIVERSIDAD DE LA REPUBLICA (UDELAR); . Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Eea, Rafaela; Argentin

Setup generation of standard 5G in SystemVue to validate and testing RF components

RESUMEN: El trabajo se desarrolla en la rama de RF, concretamente en la parte de comunicaciones móviles siguiendo el estándar 5G. Para ello, hemos utilizado tanto el entorno SystemVue como ADS, permitiendo así un flujo de datos entre ambos programas. Caracterizando el proyecto realizado, hemos creado una fuente 5G en el entorno SystemVue a la frecuencia de 1.92 GHz del primer grupo NR, considerado también el primer canal en el enlace ascendente, del dispositivo móvil a la estación base. De modo que sirva como señal de entrada en los subsistemas de RF que se vayan a diseñar para los futuros equipos de comunicación y probar sus prestaciones en condiciones reales de señal. Una vez consolidada en el entorno, hemos programado un Virtual Test Bench (VTB) para llevarlo a ADS y así, poder desarrollar los diseños para comprobar o testear componentes de RF siguiendo el estándar 5G, en este caso, el amplificador comercial de bajo ruido CMA-545G1+. Finalmente, para comprobar el potencial de programa que tiene SystemVue, hemos realizado una prueba con el cosimulador, el cual sin salirse del programa podemos realizar una llamada a ADS, la cual simule el esquemático y nos devuelva los resultados obtenidos.ABSTRACT: The work is carried out in the RF branch, specifically in the mobile communications part following the 5G standard. For this, we have used both the SystemVue and ADS environment, thus allowing data flow between both programs. Characterizing the project, we have created a 5G source in the SystemVue environment at the frequency of 1.92 GHz of the first NR group, also considered the first channel in the uplink, from the mobile device to the base station. So that it serves as an-input signal in the RF subsystems that can be designed for future communication equipment and test its performance in real signal conditions. Once consolidated in the environment, we have programmed a Virtual Test Bench (VTB) to take it to ADS and thus be able to develop designs to check or test RF components following the 5G standard, in this case, the commercial low noise amplifier CMA- 545G1 +. Finally, to check the program potential that SystemVue has, we have performed a test with the cosimulator, which without leaving the program we can make a call to ADS, which simulates the schematic and returns the results obtained.Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías de Telecomunicació