First contributions of Donato García as Mineralogy Professor at the Royal Cabinet of Natural History of Madrid (Spain) in the Nineteenth Century

Donato Garcíawas the mineralogy professor at the Royal Cabinet of Natural History and Central University of Madrid from 1816 to 1853. In addition to teaching mineralogy, he gathered geological and mineralogical material for didactic purposes, and for exhibitions in the hall of the Cabinet. He was a key figure in developing the subject matter of mineralogy in Spain during the first half of the nineteenth century. Donato Garcia likewise promoted the careers of very important future teachers at the Military Academy of Engineers, Natural Sciences Museums, and Universities, integrating oral lectures, mineral testing, visual recognition, and the use of crystallographic models. This paper investigates how the crystallographic system proposed by Haüy (in the mid-thirties) was assimilated through unpublished documents of Donato García’s mineralogical lessons from 1824 to 1825, obtained from Spain’s Archivo General de Palacio (Madrid). Hence, this manuscript can be considered the first scientific work reliably attributable to Donato and based on the notes of his pupil José Musso y Valiente, which stands as an early attempt to create a handbook of mineralogy in Spanish. The novel approach to teaching mineralogy is furthermore compared with lessons published by disciple Antonio María Cisneros y Lanuza in 184

Theropod teeth from the upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Vadillos-1, Spain

The upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) palaeontological site of Vadillos-1 is located in the North of the Cuenca Province, Spain. It includes a sedimentary succession in “Weald” facies of brown and grey mudstones and red clays, corresponding to an alluvial-palustrine muddy floodplain. Among the collected fossils, there are several vertebrate remains belonging to theropod dinosaurs, including some teeth (VD1-197, VD1-178, VD1-179, and VD1-180) that are described and identified for the first time. The taxonomic assignment was approached following two methods beside the classical consideration of their overall morphology: a cladistic analysis performed on a tooth-based data matrix, and a discriminant analysis performed on a large dataset including measurements of non-avian theropod teeth. The DSDI > 1.2 and the braided enamel present seen in VD1-197 suggest that the specimen belongs to a Dromaeosauridae or a non-tyrannosaurid Tyrannosauroidea, but the cladistics analysis classifies this tooth in the latest. The analysis showed that VD1-178, VD1-179 and VD1-180 can be ascribed to Dromaeosauridae. The dental features characteristic of this clade and present in our specimens include a DSDI > 1.2, labial and lingual depressions, and a braided enamel surface texture, which allows to place these teeth more specifically within the Eudromaeosauria. The results show, for the first time, the presence of dromaeosaurids and possibly non-Tyrannosaurid Tyrannosauroidea at Vadillos-1, thus providing new data to the European Barremian record, and contributing to the updating the geographic distribution of these dinosaursThe authors express their gratitude to all the collaborating paleontologists for their participation in the field-exploration and excavation campaigns at the Vadillos-1 in 2018. These campaigns were carried out with authorization VC/SPA/180388 issued by the Direccion General de Patrimonio y Museos of the Junta de Castilla-La Mancha, and were developed in collaboration with the Town Councils of Beteta and Canizares. Research Projects VC/SPA/180388, SBPLY/19/180801/000071 and SBPLY/21/180801/000055 of the Junta de Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Post-doctoral Grant Margarita Salas from the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM CT31/21

Discovering a Project for the Development of Geotourism in Rural Areas: The Paleontological and Archaeological Interpretation Centre of Tamajón (CIPAT, Guadalajara, Spain)

The important paleontological and archaeological discoveries made in Tamajón in recent years have enriched the exceptional natural and cultural heritage of this town in the north of the Guadalajara province (central Spain). The extraordinary educational and outreach value of these findings led the PaleoIbérica Research Group to develop a project for the design and creation of the Paleontological and Archaeological Interpretation Centre of Tamajón (CIPAT, acronym in Spanish). In this new space, students and the general public have access to knowledge of the past of the region through three exhibition and didactic areas and the support of a rigorous and engaging infographic. The Paleontological Area allows visitors to explore, through fossils, replicas, models (real and virtual) and dioramas, the diversity of coastal and marine life that inhabited the region during the Late Cretaceous Age. Moreover, the area highlights crocodylomorphs, dinosaurs and fishes (identified through their fossilized tracks), and the remains of plants and invertebrates. The Archaeological Area shows the origin and uses of the building material known as Tamajón Stone by means of rough or carved samples, tools traditionally used in its extraction and carving, and historical photographs. Furthermore, in the Didactic Area, innovative specific educational activities are carried out, facilitating the knowledge and appreciation of the rich natural and cultural heritage of Tamajón. After its recent inauguration (August 2021), the CIPAT is a valuable tool to encourage the practice of positive attitudes toward geoconservation and to promote the sustainable and socioeconomic development of the region through geotourism.Research Projects and Contracts UI/BD/150971/2021 of the Foundation for Science and Technology (Portugal), and UCM.CT31/21 of the Complutense University of Madrid (Spain); and BOP-168 of the Provincial Council of Guadalajara, and 94/2018, 21/2019, 147/2021 of the University of Alcalá-Town Council of Tamajón (Spain). Aid for Rural Development 2021 of the Eurocaja Rural Foundation (Spain)

Ensino e aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras para pessoas com necessidades especiais: destaques

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Dependiendo de los minerales

Catálogo de la exposición exhibida en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid en el marco de su 50 aniversario y organizada por el Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica.Dependiendo de los minerales no es solo una exposición de minerales, sino de un apunte del pasaje cotidiano en relación con ellos, a lo largo de la historia de la Humanidad. Pensando en nuestro público y especialmente en la comunidad universitaria, el contenido de este libro se ha diseñado para una mejor comprensión de los usos, costumbres y valores en relación con los minerales y cómo han ido evolucionando en nuestras vidas

Structural control and Ostwald ripening as essential mechanisms during the fossilization process of sea urchin (Balanocidaris? Lambert) spines from Lower Cretaceous of Southern Spain

A comparative study has been made between some cidaroid fossil spines from Lower Cretaceous of southern Spain and other contemporary ones. The modern spines are a composite material formed by calcite nanocrystals oriented with their optical axes parallel to the elongated direction, which behave as a single crystal. Transmission Petrographic Microscopy (TPM) observations of the fossil spines prove that it is a calcite single crystal, whose optical axis coincides with the direction of elongation (as in the current spines). This paper presents a crystallographic approach to propose a secondary crystallisation mechanism, specifically the Ostwald ripening process, through a structural analysis that compares the spines and the conditions observed during the fossilisation process.UCM Research Group nº 910386: “Crystallographic and geological techniques. Non- conventional applications”

Intervention test in the macrofossil remains of the sites of the “Hoces de Beteta” (Cuenca, Spain)

Las distintas intervenciones realizadas hasta la fecha en los yacimientos paleontológicos de las “Hoces de Beteta” han permitido recuperar, además de numerosos microfósiles y macrorrestos de invertebrados, diversos restos de vertebrados. Con el objetivo de desarrollar una capacidad de análisis que permita argumentar, en términos precisos, las decisiones tomadas con respecto al proceso restaurador más adecuado para la preparación y conservación de los ejemplares óseos obtenidos, entre éstos, se ha seleccionado, por su representatividad, un fósil procedente del yacimiento de Vadillos-1. El ejemplar elegido, correspondiente a un resto postcraneal de Dinosauria, se encontraba en un estado de preservación relativamente bueno, pero partido en siete fragmentos, presentándose uno de ellos parcialmente recubierto por una concreción carbonatada de elevada consistencia. A este fragmento se le han aplicado ciclos experimentales de limpieza química y mecánica, estableciéndose tratamientos con ácido clorhídrico (HCl) diluido del 15 al 5%, en intervalos de tiempo de 1 a 72h, seguidos de ensayos de eliminación de la matriz mediante aguja percutora. Finalizada la limpieza química y mecánica, se ha procedido a realizar una valoración estimativa de los ciclos desarrollados, mostrándose más eficaces los que incluyen un tratamiento químico más prolongado con ácido más diluido. Por último, los siete fragmentos se han unido mediante un adhesivo concentrado reversible, quedando el resto óseo siglado y depositado en condiciones de preservación adecuadas.The different interventions carried out to date at the palaeontological sites of the “Hoces de Beteta” have allowed to recover, along with numerous microfossils and invertebrate macroremains, diverse vertebrate remains. Aiming to develop the analysis capacity which will allow to argument, in precise terms, the decisions made concerning the most appropriate restoration process for the preparation and preservation of the obtained bone specimens, among these, it has been selected, and due its representativeness, a fossil from the Vadillos-1 site. The chosen specimen corresponds to a postcranial remain of Dinosauria, which was in an adequate preservation state, but fragmented in seven pieces, one of them partially covered by a highly consistent carbonate concretion. Five experimental cycles of chemical and mechanical cleaning have been carried through to this piece, stablishing treatments with hydrogen chloride (HCI) diluted from 15 to 5%, in temporal intervals from 1 to 72h, followed by matrix elimination tests with a hand engraver. Once finished the chemical and mechanical cleaning, an estimative assessment of the developed cycles has been carried out, showing as more efficient those which include a more prolonged chemical treatment with more diluted acid. Finally, the seven fragments have been put together using reversible concentrated adhesive, remaining the specimen labelled and deposited in suitable preservation conditions.Proyecto de Investigación del Patrimonio Arqueológico y Paleontológico de Castilla-La Mancha SBPLY/19/180801/000071

Handbook of teaching and learning foreign languages for people with special needs

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Handbook for universal teaching and learning practices

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Handbook of ICT and design practices for universal learning environments

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