Stress traumático secundário e conflito trabalho-família em profissionais de instituições gerontológicas

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal averiguar a relação entre o Stress Traumático Secundário e o Conflito Trabalho-Família e Família-Trabalho em profissionais que trabalham com idosos. Recolheram-se dados de forma confidencial e anónima em três instituições gerontológicas utilizando a Escala de Conflito Trabalho- Família (WFCS), de Carlson, Kacmar e Williams (2000), adaptada para português por Vieira, Lopez e Matos (2014) e a Escala Satisfação Profissional - ProQol5, desenvolvida por Stamm (2009) e adaptada por Carvalho e Sá (2011). A partir da análise estatística descritiva, correlacional, da regressão e da variância ANOVA entre as variáveis e os fenómenos em estudo, verificaram-se níveis reduzidos de Stress Traumático Secundário, moderados de Conflito Trabalho-Família e reduzidos de Família-Trabalho nos participantes e constatámos ainda que os profissionais que desenvolvem Stress Traumático Secundário experienciam níveis mais elevados de Conflito Família-Trabalho. Foi ainda estudada a relação existente entre o Stress Traumático Secundário e algumas dimensões do Conflito Trabalho-Família e Família-Trabalho e entre estas e algumas variáveis sociodemográficas

Under a cloak of terror: violence and armed conflict in Europe

As it is impossible to prove that human nature is intrinsically violent and warlike, history does not allow us to deny that war is one of the most present elements at different times. As an omnipresent phenomenon, it can also be considered a total social fact due to the multiple implications it entails. Furthermore, due to its implications, it becomes an object of historical study that is interpreted in different ways by either testimonies, participants, observers, or victims, thus building a multiple and never univocal interpretative basis. Not only can war be the stage of the worst crimes, but it can also be where expected or unlikely heroes arise and human greatness is externalized in unforeseen initiatives or positions. Examples such as the Holocaust or even the invasion of Ukraine in 2022 not only serve as an identification of heroes and evidence of the greatness of some basic humanitarian principles but also as the example of the greatest genocides. This text seeks to reflect on the way in which war and peace played a fundamental role in the way Europe was designed over the centuries. In this regard, the chronological scope goes back to the beginning of the first civilizations, trying to understand how war has always played a leading role in the definition of societies, borders, the exercise of power, the exploitation of man by man, and how this main role continues to be assumed as a process of change and continuity until the present day. When the questions are more than the answers, we believe we are going on the right path

Biofunctionalized nanofibers using Arthrospira (Spirulina) biomass and biopolymer

Electrospun nanofibers composed of polymers have been extensively researched because of their scientific and technical applications. Commercially available polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHB-HV) copolymers are good choices for such nanofibers. We used a highly integrated method, by adjusting the properties of the spinning solutions, where the cyanophyte Arthrospira (formally Spirulina) was the single source for nanofiber biofunctionalization. We investigated nanofibers using PHB extracted from Spirulina and the bacteria Cupriavidus necator and compared the nanofibers to those made from commercially available PHB and PHB-HV. Our study assessed nanofiber formation and their selected thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. We found that nanofibers produced from Spirulina PHB and biofunctionalized with Spirulina biomass exhibited properties which were equal to or better than nanofibers made with commercially available PHB or PHB-HV. Our methodology is highly promising for nanofiber production and biofunctionalization and can be used in many industrial and life science applications

Extraction of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from Spirulina LEB 18 for developing nanofibers

The objective of this study was to extract poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from the microalgal biomass of Spirulina LEB 18 for the development of nanofibers by electrospinning method. Different extraction methods were tested. The maximum yield obtained was 30.1 ± 2%. It was possible to produce nanofibers with diameters between 826 ± 188 nm and 1,675 ± 194 nm. An increase in the nanofiber diameter occurred when a flow rate of 4.8 μL min-1 and a capillary diameter of 0.90 mm were used. The nanofibers produced had up to 34.4% of biomass additives, i.e., non-PHB materials. This can be advantageous, because it enables the conservation of microalgal biomass compounds with bioactive functions

Combining biotechnology with circular bioeconomy: from poultry, swine, cattle, brewery, dairy and urban wastewaters to biohydrogen

ABSTRACT: The ability of microalgae to grow in nutrient-rich environments and to accumulate nutrients from wastewaters (WW) makes them attractive for the sustainable and low-cost treatment of WW. The valuable biomass produced can be further used for the generation of bioenergy, animal feed, fertilizers, and biopolymers, among others. In this study, Scenedesmus obliquus was able to remove nutrients from different wastewaters (poultry, swine and cattle breeding, brewery and dairy industries, and urban) with removal ranges of 95-100% for nitrogen, 63-99% for phosphorus and 48-70% for chemical oxygen demand. The biomass productivity using wastewaters was higher (except for poultry) than in synthetic medium (Bristol), the highest value being obtained in brewery wastewater (1025 mg/(L.day) of freeze-dried biomass). The produced biomass contained 31-53% of proteins, 12-36% of sugars and 8-23% of lipids, regardless of the type of wastewater. The potential of the produced Scenedesmus obliquus biomass for the generation of BioH(2) through batch dark fermentation processes with Enterobacter aerogenes was evaluated. The obtained yields ranged, in mL H-2/g Volatile Solids (VS), from 50.1 for biomass from anaerobically digested cattle WW to 390 for swine WW, whereas the yield with biomass cultivated in Bristol medium was 57.6 mL H-2/gvs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CONHECIMENTOS SOBRE TABAGISMO EM ESCOLARES

The objective was to verify the changes of relative theoretical knowledge to the tobacco, evaluatedat two moments (pre and post-tests) considering two educative interventions: expositive lesson andeducative games. 68 pupils had been citizens, of both the sexes, three 5th grades of a public school,evaluated previously (A1) on tobacco; group 1 was submitted to a procedure of expositive education,the 2 educative games in the 2 e, the 3 to no intervention. After one week they had been reevaluated(A2). For the moments the test of Wilcoxon was applied and between the groups Kruskal Wallis. Asresults noticed that, at the moments, it had significant differences between 2 groups 1 and e,between the groups, in the after-test, the submitted one to the educative games presentedperformance with statistical significant result better. This research concluded that the educationalgame increased in the students’ knowledge about smoking.O objetivo foi verificar as mudanças de conhecimentos teóricos relativos ao tabagismo, avaliadasem dois momentos (pré e pós-testes) considerando duas intervenções educativas: aula expositiva ejogos educativos. Foram sujeitos 68 alunos, de ambos os sexos, de três 5as séries de uma escolapública, avaliados previamente (A1) sobre tabagismo; o grupo 1 foi submetido a um procedimentode ensino expositivo, o 2 a jogos educativos na 2 e, o 3 a nenhuma intervenção. Após uma semanaforam reavaliados (A2). Para os momentos aplicou-se o teste de Wilcoxon e entre os grupos KruskalWallis. Como resultados notou-se que, nos momentos, houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos1 e 2 e, entre os grupos, no pós-teste, o submetido aos jogos educativos apresentou melhordesempenho com resultado estatisticamente significante. Essa pesquisa permitiu concluir que ojogo educativo promoveu aumento dos conhecimentos dos escolares sobre tabagismo

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT SMOKING AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN

The objective was to verify the changes of relative theoretical knowledge to the tobacco, evaluatedat two moments (pre and post-tests) considering two educative interventions: expositive lesson and educative games. 68 pupils had been citizens, of both the sexes, three 5th grades of a public school,evaluated previously (A1) on tobacco; group 1 was submitted to a procedure of expositive education,the 2 educative games in the 2 e, the 3 to no intervention. After one week they had been reevaluated(A2). For the moments the test of Wilcoxon was applied and between the groups Kruskal Wallis. As results noticed that, at the moments, it had significant differences between 2 groups 1 and e,between the groups, in the after-test, the submitted one to the educative games presented performance with statistical significant result better. This research concluded that the educational game increased in the students’ knowledge about smoking.O objetivo foi verificar as mudanças de conhecimentos teóricos relativos ao tabagismo, avaliadasem dois momentos (pré e pós-testes) considerando duas intervenções educativas: aula expositiva ejogos educativos. Foram sujeitos 68 alunos, de ambos os sexos, de três 5as séries de uma escolapública, avaliados previamente (A1) sobre tabagismo; o grupo 1 foi submetido a um procedimentode ensino expositivo, o 2 a jogos educativos na 2 e, o 3 a nenhuma intervenção. Após uma semanaforam reavaliados (A2). Para os momentos aplicou-se o teste de Wilcoxon e entre os grupos KruskalWallis. Como resultados notou-se que, nos momentos, houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos1 e 2 e, entre os grupos, no pós-teste, o submetido aos jogos educativos apresentou melhordesempenho com resultado estatisticamente significante. Essa pesquisa permitiu concluir que ojogo educativo promoveu aumento dos conhecimentos dos escolares sobre tabagismo

Differences in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cohort study in a Brazilian tertiary referral hospital

OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic/clinical/laboratory/treatments and outcomes among children and adolescents with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with pediatric COVID-19 (aged <18 years) between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2021. During this period, 102/5,951 (1.7%) of all admissions occurred in neonates, children, and adolescents. Furthermore, 3,962 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection samples were processed in patients aged <18 years, and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 occurred in 155 (4%) inpatients and outpatients. Six/155 pediatric patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the final group included 149 children and adolescents (n=97 inpatients and 52 outpatients) with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. RESULTS: The frequencies of sore throat, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, nausea, lymphopenia, pre-existing chronic conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and autoimmune diseases were significantly reduced in children and adolescents (p<0.05). Likewise, the frequencies of enoxaparin use (p=0.037), current immunosuppressant use (p=0.008), vasoactive agents (p=0.045), arterial hypotension (p<0.001), and shock (p=0.024) were significantly lower in children than in adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 had increased odds ratios (ORs) for sore throat (OR 13.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-61.977; p=0.001), nausea (OR 8.875; 95% CI 1.660-47.446; p=0.011), and lymphopenia (OR 3.575; 95% CI 1.355-9.430; p=0.010), but also had less hospitalizations (OR 0.355; 95% CI 0.138-0.916; p=0.032). The additional logistic regression analysis on patients with preexisting chronic conditions (n=108) showed that death as an outcome was significantly associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (OR 22.300; 95% CI 2.341-212.421; p=0.007) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR 11.261; 95% CI 1.189-106. 581; p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred in adolescents. Individuals belonging to this age group had an acute systemic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatric SARS and MIS-C were the most important factors associated with the mortality rate in pediatric chronic conditions with COVID-19