An Invitation to the Ethnographic Study of University Examination Behavior: Concepts, Methodology, and Implications

The topic of this paper is student life as it relates to examinations. There are two foci: first, the field of higher education and, second, qualitative methodology and theoretical implications for higher education, particularly with regard to dealing with exam-related stress in students. Data collection involved interviews, observation, 'Garfinkling,' and unobtrusive measures. The data analysis and theoretical implications are from our earlier previously published studies. They include student 'magic,' emotion work, impression management and examination dramaturgy. Brief synopses of these studies are included to provide clear relevance of the discussion.Cet article qui aborde la question des examens sous l'angle de la vie des étudiants, met l'accent sur deux points principaux: premièrement, le domaine de l'enseigne- ment supérieur, et deuxièmement, la méthodologie qualitative et ses implications théoriques par rapport à l'enseignement supérieur, particulièrement en ce qui con- cerne la façon dont les étudiants gèrent le stress associé aux examens. Les don- nées ont été recueillies au moyen d'interviews, de l'observation, notamment en contexte ouverte («Garfinkling») et d'autres méthodes non intrusives. L'analyse des données et les implications théoriques proviennent d'études déjà publiées par les auteurs. Elles comprennent entre autres les «rituels magiques» des examens, la maîtrise des émotions, la gestion des impressions et la dramaturge des examens. De brefs résumés de ces études sont présentés dans le but de démontrer la perti- nence de l'analyse ethnographique par rapport à l'enseignement supérieur

The Staging of Examinations: A Student Response to the Institutional Perspective

When universities administer examinations, they do so dramaturgically. That is, they use spaces, props, equipment, and bodies to convey specific messages (that examinations are important, serious, formal affairs which reflect the larger societal values of universalism and individualism) to students. Drama and dramaturgy require both actors and an audience; the interaction consists of the effect that the one has on the other, that the other has on the one and both of these. The focus of this paper is on the interaction between the message and students' response to it, that is, the students' definition of the situation. In particular, emphasis is upon the notion that the dramaturgical messages given by the university will be interpreted largely as they were intended to be, that in some cases the effect of the message is dysfunctional, either because it is misinterpreted or because it is challenged.Lorsque les universités font passer des examens, la dramaturgie est toujours présente. Elles font appel à des lieux, des accessoires, du matériel et des personnes pour transmettre aux étudiants des messages précis (que les examens sont importants, sérieux et officiels et qu'ils reflètent les valeurs sociales plus importantes de l'universalisme et l'individualisme). Le théâtre et la dramaturgie exigent tant des acteurs que des spectateurs; c'est grâce à l'effet que l'un a sur l'autre et que l'autre a sur l'un que /'interaction se produit. Cet article porte sur l'interaction entre le message et la réaction des étudiants à celui-ci, c'est-à-dire comment les étudiants voient la situation. On insiste particulièrement sur l'idée que les messages dramaturgiques lancés par l'université seront en grande partie interprétés comme prévu et que dans certains cas, le message est pertubateur, soit parce qu'il est mal interprété, soit parce qu'il est contesté

The Institutional Staging of an Examination

This study employs the dramaturgical approach to the staging of examinations. In focusing on the staging we attempt to convey the university definition of the exam as well as the means by which institutionally desired moods and actions are communicated to students. Through the use of space, props, equipment, and human actors the university stresses the larger societal values of universalism and individual achievement. In so doing the university develops a "rhetoric of idealization" to compensate for the inevitable discrepancies in fairness and equality of treatment.Cette étude part de l'aspect théâtral qui entoure l'organisation des examens. En fixant notre attention sur la mise en scène qui la caractérise, nous tâchons de montrer ce qu'est un examen pour l'université et par quels moyens l'institution transmet aux étudiants l'état d'esprit et les attitudes qu'elle désire obtenir. Par l'utilisation qu'elle fait de l'espace, des accessoires, de l'équipement et de ses acteurs, l'université met l'accent sur les grandes valeurs sociales que sont l'universalisme et la réussite individuelle. Ce faisant, l'université encourage chez l'étudiant une "rhétorique de l'idéalisation" dont le but est de compenser une utilisation de la justice et de l'égalité inévitablement pleine de contradictions

On Ideals and Orthogonal Generalized Derivations of Semiprime Rings

In this paper, some results concerning orthogonal generalized derivations are generalized for a nonzero ideal of a semiprime ring. These results are a generalization of results of M. Brešar and J. Vukman in [3], which are related to a theorem of E. Posner for the product of derivations on a prime ring.</p

PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP WORD OF MOUTH PADA SUZUYA MALL BANDA ACEH

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan harga terhadap kepuasan dan dampaknya terhadap word of mouth pada suzuya mall Banda Aceh. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 130 responden Masyarakat banda aceh dan aceh besar yang pernah berbelanja pada suzuya mall. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Metode Hierarchical Linear Modelling(HLM) digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variable-variabel yang terlibat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan, harga dan kepuasan memiliki pengaruh terhadap word of mouth. Selain itu, diperoleh hasil bahwa Variabel kepuasan tidak memediasi kualitas pelayanan dan harga terhadap word of mouth. Semakin tinggi kualitas pelayanan dan harga maka akan semakin tinggi kepuasan.Kata kunci : Kualitas pelayanan, harga, kepuasan dan word of mouthABSTRACKThis study aims to determine the effect of service quality and price on satisfaction and its impact on word of mouth on the suzuya mall Banda Aceh. The sample used in this study was 130 respondents from the community of Banda Aceh and the Aceh besar who had shopped at Suzuya Mall. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) method is used to determine the effect of the variables involved. The results of this study indicate that service quality, price and satisfaction have an influence on word of mouth. In addition, the results obtained that the satisfaction variable does not mediate the quality of service and prices for word of mouth. The higher the quality of service and price, the higher satisfaction will be.Keywords: Service quality, price, satisfaction and word of mout

Generalized derivations on ideals of prime rings

WOS: 000328081500001Let R be a prime ring. By a generalized derivation we mean an additive mapping g : R -> R such that g(xy) = g(x)y + xd(y) for all x, y is an element of R where d is a derivation of R. In the present paper our main goal is to generalize some results concerning derivations of prime rings to generalized derivations of prime rings

At the Convocation Goffman Said, “One Is Born Near a Granary and Spends the Rest of His Life Suppressing It”

This conversation with Dr. Daniel Albas, Professor of Sociology at the University of Manitoba, was recorded over the phone on November 3, 2010. After Dmitri Shalin transcribed the conversation, Daniel Albas edited the transcript and approved posting the present version in the Goffman Archives. Breaks in the conversation flow are indicated by ellipses. Supplementary information and additional materials inserted during the editing process appear in square brackets. Undecipherable words and unclear passages are identified in the text as “[?]”

Terrorism and politically motivated violence in the recent history of the Basque Country. Descriptive study of what teachers in training know

Ever since ETA declared that it would no longer carry out acts of violence, the Basque Country has been involved in a peace process. As part of this process, the Basque government has promoted – through its Adi-adian Educational Module – the experience of listening to victims’ testimonies in order to inform young persons about an important chapter of our recent history. Reflecting an awareness of the importance of addressing socially relevant topics, the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) began to implement the Adi-adian model in a number of its bachelor’s and master’s degrees in teacher training. With a view towards improving the implementation of Adi-adian, a statistical-descriptive study was carried out with a quantitative methodological approach. Using a 25-item questionnaire, the purpose was to measure knowledge of recent historical events, determine the sources of information concerning those events, and gauge the satisfaction of participants as regards the information that they have received about the violent episodes of their recent history. The statistical analysis of the data obtained in this study was conducted using the SPSS Statistics 27 software. Generally speaking, the participating students were found to possess an average to low knowledge of the events that took place during the recent history of the Basque Country. As for the sources of information cited, the family, the media and the school are the most frequently mentioned, while respondents express a generalised dissatisfaction with the information received in this regard.This project has received financial support from the office of the Vice Rector for Innovation, Social Outreach and Cultural Activities of the University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU) via the Educational Innovation Project Memory and Coexistence (HBP2019-20/102); from the Vice-Rectorate for Basque Language and Continuing Education of the University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU) (PIC INVEC3L4-D00024-1); and from the Basque Government, via the Research Group GIPyPAC, UPV/EHU (IT1442-22), the Department of Peace and Coexistence of the Basque Government (OTRI-EHU2023.0268)