386 research outputs found

    Reduction-induced facile isomerisation of metallacarboranes:synthesis and crystallographic characterisation of 4-Cp-4,1,2-closo-CoC<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>H<sub>11 </sub>

    Get PDF
    One-electron reduction of 3-Cp-3,1,2-closo-CoC2B9H11 followed by heating to reflux in DME (b.p. 85 °C) induces isomerisation to 4-Cp-4,1,2-closo-CoC2B9H11.</p

    Icosahedral metallacarborane/carborane species derived from 1,1′-bis(o-carborane)

    Get PDF
    We thank ORSAS (GS) and the EPSRC (DE and DMcK supported by project EP/E02971X/1, WYM supported by project EP/I031545/1) for funding.Examples of singly-metallated derivatives of 1,1[prime or minute]-bis(o-carborane) have been prepared and spectroscopically and structurally characterised. Metallation of [7-(1[prime or minute]-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11)-7,8-nido-C2B9H10]2- with a {Ru(p-cymene)}2+ fragment affords both the unisomerised species [1-(1[prime or minute]-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11)-3-(p-cymene)-3,1,2-closo-RuC2B9H10] (2) and the isomerised [8-(1[prime or minute]-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11)-2-(p-cymene)-2,1,8-closo-RuC2B9H10] (3), and 2 is easily transformed into 3 with mild heating. Metallation with a preformed {CoCp}2+ fragment also affords a 3,1,2-MC2B9-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-C2B10 product [1-(1[prime or minute]-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11)-3-Cp-3,1,2-closo-CoC2B9H10] (4), but if CoCl2/NaCp is used followed by oxidation the result is the 2,1,8-CoC2B9-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-C2B10 species [8-(1[prime or minute]-1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11)-2-Cp-2,1,8-closo-CoC2B9H10] (5). Compound 4 does not convert into 5 in refluxing toluene, but does do so if it is reduced and then reoxidised, perhaps highlighting the importance of the basicity of the metal fragment in the isomerisation of metallacarboranes. A computational study of 1,1[prime or minute]-bis(o-carborane) is in excellent agreement with a recently-determined precise crystallographic study and establishes that the {1[prime or minute],2[prime or minute]-closo-C2B10H11} fragment is electron-withdrawing compared to H.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

    Cavity Design and Optimization for Organic Microcavity OLEDs

    Get PDF
    We report on detailed simulations of the emission from microcavity OLEDs consisting of widely used organic materials, n,N'-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB) as a hole transport layer and tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3) as emitting and electron transporting layer. The thick silver film was considered as a top mirror, while silver or copper films on quartz substrate were considered as bottom mirrors. The electroluminescence emission spectra, electric field distribution inside the device, carrier density and recombination rate were calculated as a function of the position of the emission layer, i.e. interface between NPB and Alq3. In order to achieve optimum emission from a microcavity OLED, it is necessary to align the position of the recombination region with the antinode of the standing wave inside the cavity. Once the optimum structure has been determined, the microcavity OLED devices were fabricated and characterized. The experimental results have been compared to the simulations and the influence of the emission region width and position on the performance of microcavity OLEDs was discussed

    Origin and evolution of the octoploid strawberry genome.

    Get PDF
    Cultivated strawberry emerged from the hybridization of two wild octoploid species, both descendants from the merger of four diploid progenitor species into a single nucleus more than 1 million years ago. Here we report a near-complete chromosome-scale assembly for cultivated octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and uncovered the origin and evolutionary processes that shaped this complex allopolyploid. We identified the extant relatives of each diploid progenitor species and provide support for the North American origin of octoploid strawberry. We examined the dynamics among the four subgenomes in octoploid strawberry and uncovered the presence of a single dominant subgenome with significantly greater gene content, gene expression abundance, and biased exchanges between homoeologous chromosomes, as compared with the other subgenomes. Pathway analysis showed that certain metabolomic and disease-resistance traits are largely controlled by the dominant subgenome. These findings and the reference genome should serve as a powerful platform for future evolutionary studies and enable molecular breeding in strawberry

    Machine-learning based patient classification using Hepatitis B virus full-length genome quasispecies from Asian and European cohorts

    Get PDF
    Chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for the development of advanced liver disease including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The relative contribution of virological factors to disease progression has not been fully defined and tools aiding the deconvolution of complex patient virus profiles is an unmet clinical need. Vari
    • …
    corecore