Causal Relationship between Foreign Institutional Investments, Exchange Rate and Stock Market Index i.e. Sensex in India: an Empirical Analysis

Since the global crisis (2008) emerged in the world economy, the inflows of foreign investors increased in developing countries and India was not the exception in terms of huge investment by foreign investors. India’s capital market recognized as an emerging market in the world and growing fast since the economic liberalization and globalization in 1991. Since 1993, when liberalization policies came in to effect and Indian market opened for foreign investment, the FIIs become the driving force for the overall development of economy as well as pose threat in the development. This paper attempts to analyze the impact of currency fluctuations on the investment by the foreign investment investors, for analyzing the impact and causal relationship, Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and Granger Causality test has been applied, and for analyzing FIIs role in the development of Indian capital market linear regression model has been used. After applying the Granger Causality test, we found that FII granger causes Exchange rate. As far as causality relationship is concerned, a unidirectional causality or one-way causality is found from FII towards exchange rate. As far as the causal relationship between the FIIs and SENSEX, FII are only responsible for up to 45.4%. This means that whatever changes have happened in the SENSEX for period under study the FI investments are responsible up to 45.4%. This implies that there are many other macro-economic factors which have indirectly affected the SENSEX in India. Keywords: FIIs, SENSEX, INRUSD, BSE, Volatility, GDP, RBI, FDICausal Relationship between Foreign Institutional Investments, Exchange Rate and Stock Market Index i.e. Sensex in India: an Empirical Analysi

IMPACT OF FINANCIAL GROWTH ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF OMAN

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to empirically test the long and short-run effects of financial development on the economic growth of Oman. Methodology: This paper has applied the Unit root test, ARDL Bound Test for Cointegration, CUSUM, and CUSUMSQ Test for testing of hypotheses. The data used to test the relationship between financial development and economic growth covers the period from 1980 to 2017. Main Findings: The major finding of the study suggested that the financial development variables measured in the research influence the economic growth in Oman.  Applications of the Study: This study can be useful to assess the strength of the empirical link between the financial sector and economic growth in Oman as one of the oil-exporting states of the Middle East Region, where such studies are inadequate. The novelty of the Study: The finding of the study with an addition to the existing literature by incorporating the new variables like employment or poverty in the existing model provides new insight on the financial development of Oman. Limitations and forward of the Study: The study has considered a set of data which in general acts as a catalyst for economic development in a particular country.  Implications of the Study: The outcome of the study suits the nature of the country and its socio-economic conditions. The outcomes of the study will not be suitable for every country and may result in spurious outcomes

Ferroelectricity and Large Piezoelectric Response of AlN/ScN Superlattice

Based on density functional theory, we investigate the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the AlN/ScN superlattice, consisting of ScN and AlN buckled monolayers alternating along the crystallographic <i>c</i>-direction. We find that the polar wurtzite (w-ScAlN) structure is mechanically and dynamically stable and is more stable than the nonpolar hexagonal flat configuration. We show that ferroelectric polarization switching can be possible for an epitaxially tensile-strained superlattice. Because of the elastic constant <i>C</i>₃₃ softening, together with an increase in <i>e</i>₃₃, the piezoelectric coefficient <i>d</i>₃₃ of the superlattice is doubled compared to that of pure w-AlN. The combined enhancement of Born effective charges (<i>Z</i>₃₃) and sensitivity of the atomic coordinates to the external strain (∂u3∂η3) is the origin of the large piezoelectric constant <i>e</i>₃₃. Moreover, we show that the epitaxial biaxial tensile strain significantly enhances the piezo-response, so that <i>d</i>₃₃ becomes 7 times larger than that of w-AlN at 4% strain. The tensile strain results in a huge enhancement in <i>e</i>₃₃ by increasing <i>Z</i>₃₃ and ∂u3∂η3, which boost the piezoelectric

Epimorphisms, dominions and H-commutative semigroups

In the present paper, a series of results and examples that explore the structural features of H-commutative semigroups are provided. We also generalise a result of Isbell from commutative semigroups to H-commutative semigroups by showing that the dominion of an H-commutative semigroup is H-commutative. We then use this to generalise Howie and Isbell's result that any H-commutative semigroup satisfying the minimum condition on principal ideals is saturated

Effective composting of oil palm industrial waste by filamentous fungi: A review.

Palm oil production is a major agricultural industry in Malaysia, in which palm oil mill effluent (POME) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) are considered as major waste products from the palm oil industry. These waste products create an environmental hazard and entail high disposal costs every year. Composting is a biologically based process which is practiced to stabilize the organic matter for soil amendment (producing compost) and to protect the environment from the detrimental effects of these waste products. This study reviews the composting process of EFB and POME as a single substrate and/or their mixture by using potential filamentous fungi that are especially lignocellulolytic and antibiotic (in a matured stage) in nature within several effective parameters, for example, C/N ratio, moisture content, pH, temperature, etc. Several studies record the mature composting process as being 60 days. In most cases, temperature and moisture content was maintained up to 70 °C and 60–75%, respectively. In addition, this study reviews EFB and POME with their constituents for an efficient composting process

Perencanaan Sistem Pemeliharaan menggunakan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance Gas Engine Compressor PT. Perda Daya Gas

PT. Perta Daya Gas adalah Perusahaan joint venture yang dibentuk dan didirikan oleh PT. Pertamina Gas(Pertagas) dan PT. Indonesia Power (IP). PT. Perta Daya Gas mendirikan fasilitas Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) PlantTambak Lorok yang bertujuan sebagai “Peak Shaving” untuk memenuhi kebutuhan beban puncak kelistrikan pada subsistem Jawa Tengah &amp; Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang berasal dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas &amp; Uap (PLTGU)Tambak Lorok yang dioperasikan oleh PT. Indonesia Power. CNG Plant Tambak Lorok merupakan fasilitas kompresidan penyimpanan gas alam dalam bentuk CNG yang dikerjakan oleh 10 unit Gas Engine Compressor (GEC) identikuntuk mengubah 20 – 24 bar menjadi 250 bar. Mengingat pentingnya kinerja GEC, diperlukan langkah perawatandengan metode yang tepat. RCM merupakan suatu strategi maintenance yang memberikan metode terstruktur dansistematis untuk menganalisis fungsi dan kegagalan dari suatu aset fisik yang berfokus dalam mempertahankan fungsiaset tersebut. Proses penyusunannya terbagi menjadi 2 analisis yaitu kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis kuantitatifdilakukan dengan pendistribusian kegagalan dengan software Reliasoft Weibull++6 untuk mengetahui parameterperhitungan nilai keandalan yang dapat digunakan dalam acuan interval perawatan tiap mesin. Analisis kualitatifmenggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis yang kemudian dikembangkan dalam bentuk RCM DecisionWorksheet. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, interval perawatan untuk menjaga nilai keandalan tidak turun di bawah 0.6adalah 80 jam untuk GEC K-101, 260 jam untuk GEC K-102, 220 jam untuk GEC K-103, 240 jam untuk GEC K-104, 42jam untuk GEC K-105, 150 jam untuk GEC K-106, 160 jam untuk GEC K-107, 240 jam untuk GEC K-108, 140 jam untukGEC K-109 dan 130 jam untuk GEC K-110. Analisis kualitatif mengidentifikasi ada 69 failure mode pada Gas EngineCompressor. 67 failure mode bisa dicegah dengan scheduled discard task dan 2 failure mode bisa dicegah denganscheduled restoration task

Mutagenic properties of modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract

Backgrounds: The mutagenic properties of modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract were carried out using the Ames test (genotoxicity). Materials and methods: The Ames test was performed on Salmonella strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA 102) which contain mutations in several genes with and without S9 metabolic activation from rat liver using the standard assay. The materials were extracted in distilled water and the serial dilutions of concentration ranging from 313 to 5000 μg/mL were used after the incubation period of 24 h at 37° C. Results: These results suggested that all tested concentrations of the material extracts did not produce mutagenic effect in all the strains tested. Conclusions: Findings from this study showed that the modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract was non-mutagenic under present conditions

Correlation of serum aspartate aminotransferase level to platelet count ratio index with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score

In case of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the ratio of serum aspartate&nbsp; aminotransferase (AST) level to platelet count index has been proposed as a non-invasive and readily available tool for the assessment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The study was conducted on 50&nbsp; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patient (25&nbsp; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and 25 simple steatosis). The mean (± SD) serum AST level in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group&nbsp; was 55.2 ± 30.1 IU/L whereas in simple steatosis group it was 33.6 ± 20.0 IU/L. The mean platelet count in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group was 303.1 ± 68.7 x 109 /L whereas in the simple steatosis group it was 327.8 ± 66.8 x 109/L. The mean AST platelet ratio index (APRI) score in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group was 0.5 ± 0.3 and in the simple steatosis group it was 0.3 ± 0.2. In conclusion, the APRI&nbsp; was&nbsp; significantly higher in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group than the simple steatosis group

The result of modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract to the Escherichia coli growth

Background: This research was planned to search for a potential of modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract in inhibiting the growth of bacteria commonly known in medical field. It is also aims to test this substance against common medical bacteria,Escherichia coli. Materials and methods: In this test, suspension of modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract (together with 0.01%, 0.03% and 0.05% silver) and undoping (positive control contains TiO2 and no silver) were prepared by mixing of TiO2 in Mueller Hinton Broth (MH) agar. The platecontaining the bacteria and TiO2 were observed after 24 hour, 48 hours and 72 hours incubation at 37o C for any growth of bacteria. Results: There was no growth of Escherichia coliin the plates containing the bacteria and modified hydrothermal nanotitania extract except in the control media. Conclusions: The finding suggested the modified hydrothermal nanotitania extractioninterfered the growth of Escherichia coli