Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Fed Broadband Nano-antenna for Nanophotonic Applications

In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid plasmonic waveguide fed broadband optical patch nano-antenna for nanophotonic applications. Through full wave electromagnetic simulation, we demonstrated our proposed antenna to radiate and receive signal at all optical communication windows (e.g. $\lambda$ = 850nm, 1310nm & 1550nm) with around 86% bandwidth within the operational domain. Moreover numerical results demonstrate that the proposed nano-antenna has directional radiation pattern with satisfactory gain over all three communication bands. Additionally, we evaluated the antenna performances with two different array arrangements (e.g. one dimensional and square array). The proposed broadband antenna can be used for prominent nanophotonic applications such as optical wireless communication in inter and intra-chip devices, optical sensing and optical energy harvesting etc.Comment: 4 Page, 7 figure

Statistical optimization of fermentation conditions for cellulase production from palm oil mill effluent

Palm oil mill effluent discharged by the oil palm industries is considered as the mixed of high polluted effluent which is abundant (about 20 million tonnes year-1) and its effect contributes to the serious environmental problems through the pollution of water bodies. Approach: The aim of this study was to identify the potential of low cost substrate such as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for the production of cellulase enzyme by liquid state bioconversion. The filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum was used for liquid state bioconversion of POME for cellulase production. Statistical optimization was carried out to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters (factors) for maximum cellulase production by 2-level fractional factorial design with six central points. The polynomial regression model was developed using the experimental data including the effects of linear, quadratic and interaction of the factors. The factors involved were substrate (POME) and co-substrate (wheat flour) concentrations, temperature, pH, inoculum and agitation. Results: Statistical analysis showed that the optimum conditions were: Temperature of 30°C, substrate concentration of 2%, wheat flour concentration of 3%, pH of 4, inoculum of 3% and agitation of 200 rpm. Under these conditions, the model predicted the enzyme production to be about 14 FPU mL-1. Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) of the design showed a high coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.999, thus ensuring a high satisfactory adjustment of the quadratic model with the experimental data. Conclusion/Recommendations: This study indicates a better solution for waste management through the utilization of POME for cellulase production that could be used in the industrial applications such as bioethanol production

Penerapan Metode Profile Matching untuk Menentukan Peserta Lomba Pramuka

Perkembangan zaman menuntut manusia untuk menguasai ilmu pengetahuan. Terutama untuk meraih prestasi sebagai pelajar, khususnya untuk melanjutkan ke jenjang selanjutnya /jalur prestasi, Untuk mendapatkan sebuah prestasi sangatlah tidak mudah, salah satunya dibidang lomba kepramukaan, butuh USAha dan latihan yang keras, serta seleksi yang ketat untuk menjadi peserta lomba SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bogor. Maka dari itu diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat memperhitungkan segala kriteria yang mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan calon peserta lomba. Pengambilan keputusan dengan menggunakan Metode Profile Matching merupakan hal yang tepat untuk menseleksi siswa apakah cocok untuk lomba dibidang tertentu. Hasil keputusan dari sistem profile matching berdasarkan nilai akhir dari penelitian, menyatakan bahwa jika nilai probabilitas YA lebih besar dari probabilitas TIDAK, maka sistem bekerja dengan baik, sebaliknya jika nilai probabilitas TIDAK lebih tinggi dari probabilitas YA, maka sistem tidak bekerja dengan baik. Dari hasil penelitian untuk unjuk kerja sistem profile matching masuk dalam kategori “Layak”. Nilai persentase hasil pengujian pada sistem untuk setiap faktor, yaitu: functionality sebesar 69 %, efficiency sebesar 70 %, dan USAbility sebesar 65%. Persentase total dari kualitas sistem adalah 90% (Layak)

One-loop contributions of charginos and neutralinos to W-pair production in E+ E- collisions

We study the one-loop effects of charginos and neutralinos on the helicity amplitudes for \eeww in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. The calculation is tested by using two methods. First, the sum rule for the form factors between \eeww and the process where the external $W^\pm$ bosons are replaced by the corresponding Goldstone bosons $\omega^\pm$ is employed to test the analytic expression and the accuracy of the numerical program. Second, the decoupling property in the large mass limit is used to test the overall normalization of the amplitudes. These two tests are most effectively carried out when the amplitudes are expanded in terms of the modified minimal subtraction ($\bar{\rm MS}$) couplings of the standard model. The resulting perturbation expansion is valid at collider energies below and around the threshold of the light supersymmetric particles. We find that the corrections to the cross section of the longitudinally polarized $W$-pair production can be as large as -1.4% at the threshold of the light chargino-pair production for large scattering angles. We also study the effects of the CP-violating phase in the chargino and neutralino sectors on the helicity amplitudes. We find that the resulting CP-violating asymmetries can be at most 0.1%.Comment: 30 pages, 25 figures, Final verision, To appear in Physical Review D, Several sentences are improve

The vulnerability level and employee preparedness index in responding to fire in mills division at pt. eastern pearl flour mills of Makassar city

BNPB (The National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure) suggested that there were 3,193 cases of fires in Indonesia from 1815 to 2018. There were 6 cases of fires at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills during the period of 2016 to 2019 which resulted in material loss. The main objective of this study was to investigate and determine the level of fire vulnerability and employee preparedness index at Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills of Makassar. The methodological approach taken was descriptive by using a survey method. The population were all 38 employees. The sampling technique was total sampling. The samples used in this study were 38 samples. The results indicated that in the aspect knowledge, 38 respondents high category (100%). Attitude, 38 respondents (100%) high category. Disaster preparedness policy, 35 respondents (92.1%) high category, and 3 respondents (7.9%) low category. Resource mobilization, 36 respondents (94.7%) high category, and 2 respondents (5.3%) low category. Disaster warning, 38 respondents (100%) high category.Preparedness plan, 33 respondents (86.8%) high category, and 5 respondents (13.2%) low category. This research concludes that the level of fire vulnerability at the Mills division at PT. Eastern Pearl Flour Mills Makassar City was considered the medium category, while the employee preparedness index was considered in the fair category. The researchers suggest the company to continous socialization related to fire prevention SOPs to all employees. The employees must be able to distinguish signs of the fire warning and increase their knowledge related to fire disasters in the workplace

Vascular cognitive impairment in first ever ischemic stroke survivors

Stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are highly prevalent in Pakistan. Post stroke dementia (PSD) is one of the main causes of dependency in survivors and includes any dementia after a stroke, irrespective of its cause, which includes vascular, degenerative, or mixed. Many Independent survivors have residual physical or cognitive deficits, or behavioral changes which can affect family life and have professional consequences. Study design: Cross sectional study at Department of Neurology CMC Hospital Larkana from Aug-2014 to Jan-2015 to find out frequency of dementia in first ever ischemic stroke patients, its severity and outcome. Methods: Study approved from ethical review committee of the institute. Patients 30-60 years of age, of either gender, previously non-demented with first episode of ischemic stroke were included in this study after informed consent. Patients of Hemorrhagic stroke, Parkinson’s disease, Terminal cancers and those on steroids were excluded. Stroke confirmed by CT scan brain/ MRI showing new infarcts. Dementia was defined as per MMSE dementia interview at baseline and 3 months of follow up. Score of \u3c23 indicated cognitive impairment. Activity of daily living was assessed by AD8 screening interview. Score \u3e2 indicated impairment in activity of daily living. Results: 120 patients were included in the study during 6 month period with mean age of 54(±3.4) years. Among them 74 were males and 46 were females. 52 (43.33%) patients had a lacunar stroke, 43(35.8%) a MCA infarct, 13(10.83%) with ACA infarct, 12 (10%) a posterior circulation stroke. Among vascular risk factors hypertension present in 32 (26%), diabetes in 22(18.3%), atrial fibrillation in 11(9.16%), previous myocardial infarction 10( 8.33%) and history of transient ischemic attack 34(28.33%). Their medical history, neurological deficit, activity of daily living, a blood screen and extent of vascular territory of the stroke were recorded. MMSE at 3 month of stroke follow up performed which revealed \u3c23 score among 33(26%) patients. The activity of daily living was impaired among the demented patients. Recall, language and attention was impaired more than registration and orientation. Discussion: Patients with PSD have high mortality rates and are likely to be functionally impaired. The progressive decline of recall and forgetfulness observed in our study severely affect the activity of daily living. The best way to prevent dementia is preventing vascular risk factors and the stroke by medications and follow up. Conclusion: Stroke patients should be assessed with dementia and monitored regularly with structured MMSE and activity of daily living as part of routine check up to prevent mortality and morbidity in stroke survivors

[Analysis of The Manuscript of Sayr Al-Salikin ila ،Ibadah Rabb Al- ‘Alamin by Shaykh ‘Abd Al-Samad Al-Falimbani in The National Library of Malaysia]

Sayr al-Salikin’s ila ،Ibadah Rabb al-،Alamin manuscript has been well preserved and cared in several Malay manuscript repositories either in the region of the Malay World or in the West. Nevertheless, the public still have no knowledge of its existence and the actual number of its copies. Therefore, this study aims to trace and analyze the manuscripts found in Malaysia especially National Library of Malaysia. This study used qualitative approach by collecting data in the form of documents. Next, the data obtained were analyze descriptively. The results of the study found that the total number of 48 Sayr al-Salikin’s early manuscript has been well taken care of and is still accessible to researchers at National Library of Malaysia. In conclution, this study can give a clear information about the total 48 copies and the status of Sayr al-Salikin’s manuscript (9 complete and 39 incomplete copies) located at the National Centre for Malay Manuscripts, National Library of Malaysia. Manuskrip Sayr al-Salikin ila ،Ibadah Rabb al-،Alamin telah disimpan dan dijaga dengan baik di beberapa repositori manuskrip Melayu sama ada di rantau Alam Melayu mahupun di Barat. Walaupun begitu, orang ramai masih tidak mengetahui tentang keberadaan dan jumlah sebenar naskhah-naskhah Sayr al-Salikin. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjejaki dan menganalisis manuskrip Sayr al-Salikin yang terdapat di Malaysia, khususnya Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data berbentuk dokumen. Data-data yang diperolehi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil mendapati sebanyak 48 naskhah awal Sayr al-Salikin telah dijaga dengan baik dan masih boleh diakses oleh para pengkaji di Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini dapat memberikan maklumat yang jelas mengenai keseluruhan 48 buah manuskrip Sayr al-Salikin dan statusnya (9 lengkap dan 39 tidak lengkap) yang berada di Pusat Kebangsaan Manuskrip Melayu, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia

Enhancement of biogas production from sewage sludge by biofilm pretreatment method

Since the last two decades, different pre-treatment methods have been proposed to enhance the yield of biogas production from sewage sludge. In order to improve the biogas yield and to find an alternative and economically suitable pretreatment method, a biological pretreatment method using a biofilm was studied. The biofilm constituted of four strains of bacteria producing hydrolyzes was used as an immobilized biocatalyst for the pretreatment of the sludge. Based on the data obtained during this study, the optimum biofilm was formed within 2 days. The best amount of GAC that has given an optimum biofilm was 4g. An improvement of 16.9% on the SCOD/TCOD and 28.3% in the volatile solids (VS) was achieved after 12 hours of pretreatment at room temperature (30 ± 2⁰C). Comparing to the no pretreated sludge (control), 15% of an increase in the cumulative biogas production was observed after 14 days of digestion with 30% v/v of inoculum (anaerobic sludge) at 37⁰C and 25 days of HRT. It can be concluded that the developed pretreatment method can be used for the enhancement of the biogas production from sewage sludge at mesophilic temperature range