Comparison of the effect of liquid humic fertilizers on yield of maize genotypes in Ardabil region

In order to investigate the response of maize genotypes against the  application of two types of liquid humic fertilizers (derived from peat and  leonardite), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely  randomized block design with three replications. The main factor was included three conditions (application of peat based and leonardite based humic  fertilizer, without the application of humic fertilizer) whereas the sub-factor  included six maize genotypes. Results indicate that there was a significant  difference between experimental conditions in terms of grain yield at 1% and biological yield at 5% probability levels. Results from mean comparison  indicate that ZP677 had the highest (20.89 ton/ha) biological yield, whereas OS 499 had the lowest (16.93 ton/ha). Application of leonardite based liquid humic fertilizer proved to be more productive than the two other conditions. This humic fertilizer produced the highest values for biological yield (21.99 ton/ha) and grain yield (7.09 ton/ha).Key words: Maize, humic, fertilizer, yield

How Fault Interpretation Method May Influence the Assessment of a Fault-bound CO2 Storage Site

Interpretation of faults in the subsurface hinges on utilising an optimum picking strategy, i.e. the seismic line spacing. Differences in line spacing lead to significant changes in subsequent fault analyses such as fault growth, fault seal and fault stability, all of which are crucial when analysing a fault-bound CO2 storage site. With the ever-advancing technologies, machine learning techniques, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNN), used for fault extraction are becoming increasingly common, however their limitations and corresponding uncertainty is still largely unknown. We show how fault extraction using DNN compares with faults that have been picked manually, and with different line spacing. Uncertainty related to both manual and automated fault extraction methods are heavily reliant on seismic quality. As such, faults that are well-imaged show a closer similarity to those that have been manually picked. Conversely, DNN picking of poorly imaged faults creates a fault surface that is more irregular and with a lower predicted stability than the smoother and simpler fault model created by manual picking. We conclude that fault picking by DNN without in-depth expertise works for well-imaged faults; poorly imaged faults require additional considerations and quality control for both manually and DNN picked faults

The trend of changes in depression, anxiety and stress in men with lower limb trauma: A prospective study

Introduction: Activity restrictions can have potential impacts on the prevalence of mental disorders. However, in patients with lower limb traumas the problems and the physical disabilities are usually taken more into consideration than mental status, while they refer for further examinations. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the changes in the process of depression, anxiety and stress in men with lower limb traumas. Materials and Methods: In a prospective study the patients with lower limb traumas, who have been hospitalized in Amir Al-Mo�menin and Kowsar hospitals in Semnan since June 2012 to August 2015, were selected randomly and studied. The data was collected by demographic and incident questionnaire and depression, anxiety and stress questionnaire. At first the patients were asked to complete the questionnaires based on their psychological experience of one month prior to the trauma. Then same questionnaires were completed by the patients one and three months after the trauma. The data was analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. Results: The data of 157 patients was analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the severity of depression disorders, anxiety and stress in three stages of the study (P0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress is increased in people with lower limb traumas. Therefore it is recommended that the patients with lower limb traumas to be supported mentally, socially and economically. © 2016, Semnan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Fragmentation of CD+ induced by intense ultrashort laser pulses

Citation: Graham, L., Zohrabi, M., Gaire, B., Ablikim, U., Jochim, B., Berry, B., . . . Ben-Itzhak, I. (2015). Fragmentation of CD+ induced by intense ultrashort laser pulses. Physical Review A, 91(2), 11. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.91.023414The fragmentation of CD[superscript +] in intense ultrashort laser pulses was investigated using a coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging technique improved by employing both transverse and longitudinal electric fields. This allowed clear separation of all fragmentation channels and the determination of the kinetic energy release down to nearly zero, for a molecule with significant mass asymmetry. The most probable dissociation pathways for the two lowest dissociation limits, C[superscript +]+D and C+D[superscript +], were identified for both 22-fs, 798-nm and 50-fs, 392-nm pulses. Curiously, the charge asymmetric dissociation of CD[superscript 2+] was not observed for 392-nm photons, even though it was clearly visible for the fundamental 798 nm at the same peak intensity

An ontological framework for cooperative games

Social intelligence is an emerging property of a system composed of agents that consists of the ability of this system to conceive, design, implement and execute strategies to solve problems and thus achieve a collective state of the system that is concurrently satisfactory for all and each one of the agents that compose it. In order to make decisions when dealing with complex problems related to social systems and take advantage of social intelligence, cooperative games theory constitutes the standard theoretical framework. In the present work, an ontological framework for cooperative games modeling and simulation is presented

Acute and post-acute phase of COVID-19: Analyzing expression patterns of miRNA-29a-3p, 146a-3p, 155-5p, and let-7b-3p in PBMC

Background: When a new pathogen, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, appears all novel information can aid in the process of monitoring and in the diagnosis of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The aim of the current study is to elucidate the specific miRNA profile which can act as new biomarkers for distinguishing acute COVID-19 disease from the healthy group and those in the post-acute phase of the COVID-19 disease. Methods: The expression level of selected miRNAs including let-7b-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-146a-3p and miR-155-5p were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COVID-19 patients, in both the acute and post-acute COVID-19 phase of the disease and healthy groups, by real-time PCR assays. Specificity and sensitivity of miRNAs was tested by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in COVID-19 patients. Results: The expression level of all miRNAs in COVID-19 patients was significantly higher than in the healthy group. Therefore, the expression pattern of miR-29a-3p, miR-146a-3p and let-7b-3p in the post-acute COVID-19 phase was significantly different from the acute COVID-19 phase. ROC analyses demonstrated that miR-29a-3p, -155-5p and -146a-3p may serve as the novel biomarker for COVID-19 diagnosis with high specificity and sensitivity. In addition, miR-29a-3p, and -146a-3p can maybe act as novel biomarkers for distinguishing acute from post-acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Discussion: The difference in miRNA expression pattern between COVID-19 patients and those in the healthy group, and between acute COVID-19 with post-acute COVID-19, suggested that cellular miRNAs could be used as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. © 2021 Elsevier B.V

Modeling double strand break susceptibility to interrogate structural variation in cancer

Abstract Background Structural variants (SVs) are known to play important roles in a variety of cancers, but their origins and functional consequences are still poorly understood. Many SVs are thought to emerge from errors in the repair processes following DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Results We used experimentally quantified DSB frequencies in cell lines with matched chromatin and sequence features to derive the first quantitative genome-wide models of DSB susceptibility. These models are accurate and provide novel insights into the mutational mechanisms generating DSBs. Models trained in one cell type can be successfully applied to others, but a substantial proportion of DSBs appear to reflect cell type-specific processes. Using model predictions as a proxy for susceptibility to DSBs in tumors, many SV-enriched regions appear to be poorly explained by selectively neutral mutational bias alone. A substantial number of these regions show unexpectedly high SV breakpoint frequencies given their predicted susceptibility to mutation and are therefore credible targets of positive selection in tumors. These putatively positively selected SV hotspots are enriched for genes previously shown to be oncogenic. In contrast, several hundred regions across the genome show unexpectedly low levels of SVs, given their relatively high susceptibility to mutation. These novel coldspot regions appear to be subject to purifying selection in tumors and are enriched for active promoters and enhancers. Conclusions We conclude that models of DSB susceptibility offer a rigorous approach to the inference of SVs putatively subject to selection in tumors

Localization and Superconductivity in Doped Semiconductors

Motivated by the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped (B-doped) diamond, we investigate the localization and superconductivity in heavily doped semiconductors. The competition between Anderson localization and s-wave superconductivity is investigated from the microscopic point of view. The effect of microscopic inhomogeneity and the thermal fluctuation in superconductivity are taken into account using the self-consistent 1-loop-order theory with respect to superconducting fluctuation. The crossover from superconductivity in the host band to that in the impurity band is described on the basis of the disordered three-dimensional attractive Hubbard model for binary alloys. We show that superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) accompanies the crossover. We point out an enhancement of Cooper pairing in the crossover regime. Further localization of the electron wave function gives rise to incoherent Cooper pairs and the pseudogap above T_c. A global phase diagram is drawn for host band superconductivity, impurity band superconductivity, Anderson localization, Fermi liquid state, and pseudogap state. A theoretical interpretation is proposed for superconductivity in the doped diamond, SiC, and Si.Comment: Final version for publication. To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (2009) No.

Crowdsourcing hypothesis tests: Making transparent how design choices shape research results

To what extent are research results influenced by subjective decisions that scientists make as they design studies? Fifteen research teams independently designed studies to answer fiveoriginal research questions related to moral judgments, negotiations, and implicit cognition. Participants from two separate large samples (total N > 15,000) were then randomly assigned to complete one version of each study. Effect sizes varied dramatically across different sets of materials designed to test the same hypothesis: materials from different teams renderedstatistically significant effects in opposite directions for four out of five hypotheses, with the narrowest range in estimates being d = -0.37 to +0.26. Meta-analysis and a Bayesian perspective on the results revealed overall support for two hypotheses, and a lack of support for three hypotheses. Overall, practically none of the variability in effect sizes was attributable to the skill of the research team in designing materials, while considerable variability was attributable to the hypothesis being tested. In a forecasting survey, predictions of other scientists were significantly correlated with study results, both across and within hypotheses. Crowdsourced testing of research hypotheses helps reveal the true consistency of empirical support for a scientific claim.</div