VISUAL DESIGN TOOL FOR ELECTROSTATIC LELSES

Current research presents a visual-computational tool to design and investigate round electrostatic lenses in sense of analysis procedure. The finite elements methods is adopted to find the electrostatic potential in the lens region. Laplaces equation is first replaced by a certain functional which physically represent the electric energy stored in the electric field. This functional is then minimized at each mesh point with respect to the nearest eight ones. This minimization process is proved to be entirely equivalent to solving Laplaces equation. The requirement that the functional being minimized is then yields a set of nine point equations which inter relate the potentials at adjacent mesh points. Finally this set of equations is solved to find the electrostatic potential at each mesh point in the region of the lens under consideration. The procedure steps mention above are coded to program written in visual basic. Hence an interface tool for analyzing and designing electrostatic lenses has been built up. Designing results proved that the introduced tools has an excellent outputs in comparison with the others written in not visual programming languages. Furthermore it easier for researchers and designer to use such a tool over their counterpart ones

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Fig (Ficus carica) Fruit on Some Hematological Parameters in Female Rabbits

The effect of the aqueous extract of fig (Ficus carica) fruit was studied by using different concentrations of this fruit (15, 20 and 25 mg/kg of body weight) on some hematological parameters (hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, white blood cell count and platelets count) in female rabbits. Twenty female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (five animals in each group). Three groups were dosed with the concentrations mentioned above, while the last was administered with distilled water and considered as control group. These animals were orally dosed by aqueous extract using a micropipette. The results showed that there was a significant (

Place Energy in Urban Drama Scene (River Transport in Shatt al-Arab)

The city of Basra is one of the most important cities in Iraq and most of the possessions of the potential, making it the most appropriate option for the subject of research, which depends on the energy of the place as a basis for him. The Shatt Al Arab was chosen for the river represents the spiritual and material value of the population of the city but for Iraq as a whole in terms of social, This river consists of the confluence of the Tigris and the Euphrates and is an important and vital gateway to the Arabian Gulf, so the discussion deal with the relationship between place energy and dramatic situation through the presentation of the research problem, namely: (There is no clear perception of the dramatic situation of the urban scene of Shatt al-Arab and resolve the research problem has been selected research hypothesis, which states: (The construction of the dramatic situation of the urban scene of Shatt al-Arab is based on activating the concept of place energy, the Research objective (constructing the dramatic situation of the urban scene of Shatt al-Arab by activating the concept of place energy using the possibility of river transport). As determined pursuant to the theoretical framework of the research problem and hypothesis, as theoretical part discusses the definition of place (place theory and place energy), river and river transport, urban scene drama(dramatic situation and perception). The research gives number of conclusions and final recommendations the most important conclusions(There is awareness of the energies of place and material potential, but there is a neglect of the spiritual side, which is an important andvital aspect in the process of building the dramatic situation), one of the main recommendations of the research(Adopting a mechanism to study and activate river transport in the Shatt al-Arab so that people can understand the urban scene of the Shatt al-Arab and thus create memories associated with the place for the purpose of building its own dramatic situation)

Streamwater Quality as Affected by Source of Flow on a Small Forested Watershed in Central Arkansas

Environmental Scienc

Monitoring the Performance of Centrifugal Pump under Single-Phase and Cavitation Condition: A CFD Analysis of the Number of Impeller Blades

In this current study, the transient numerical calculations using CFD are carried out under different number of impeller blades for the flow field within a centrifugal pump under single-phase and cavitation condition. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses have been carried out on all of these results in order to better understand the flow structure within a centrifugal pump under both single-phase and cavitation. Also, the investigation using different number of impeller blades relating to the static pressure, velocity magnitude and vapour volume fraction variations have been analysed. Fluctuations pressure in both time and frequency domains at the impeller and volute of the pump also investigated. As a result, the pressure and velocity were gradually increased from inlet to outlet of the pump. Pressure at the impeller outlet was higher than the pressure at other parts due to high interaction between impeller and volute tongue region. The distribution of volume fraction first occurs at the inlet eye of impeller. Furthermore, the cavitation increases as the number of impeller blades and flow rate increase. The length of the cavity was increased when low pressure at the inlet impeller (eye) decreased at Z=5 blades cavitation was affected highly at the suction of impeller compared to other number of blades particularly at high flow rate

Salivary magnesium during pregnancy and labor and its relation to gingivitis

Background: Changes in the level of salivary magnesium could be of great clinical interest not only because of its relation with oral health but also with the physiological alteration occurring during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy on the salivary magnesium level and their relations to gingivitis. Materials and methods: Salivary samples were taken from 24 pregnant women, 17 non pregnant and 14 lactating women. Flow rate was calculated. The supernatant salivary samples were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Gingival Index was applied for the assessment of gingival inflammation. Results: Salivary magnesium concentration was significantly the lowest mean value during pregnancy, with decrease in concentration in the third trimester followed by a marked increase after labor reaching the normal level. Pregnant women had a significantly highest Gingival Index mean than other control groups. Very weak correlations were found between flow rate and (pregnancy and salivary magnesium). A positive correlation was recorded between gingivitis and pregnancy and a negative correlation between gingivitis and salivary magnesium. However, statistically all correlations were not significant. Conclusion: The salivary magnesium is influenced by female sex hormone during pregnancy. Analysis of saliva may be applicable as an investigation means of the physiological alterations that occur during and after pregnancy

Application of 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging Technique for Engineering Site Investigation

ان تحري الموقع الهندسي مهم لدراسة خصائص التربة تحت سطح الأرض لمواقع البناء المقترحة. يوفر استخدام طريقة المقاومة النوعية الكهربائية التصويرية ثنائية البعد معلومات مفيدة عن جيولوجيا وظروف ما تحت السطح على امتداد مسارات. في هذه الدراسة، تم اعتماد النمذجة الرقمية والدراسة الحقلية باستخدام تقنية المقاومة النوعية الكهربائية ثنائية البعد لأغراض تحري المواقع الهندسية. تم استخدام ترتيب فنر- شلمبرجر للاقطاب على امتداد ثلاثة مسارات متوازية في موقع للبناء في جامعة ديالى شمال شرق مدينة بغداد للكشف عن المرافق المدفونة (أنابيب) التي تركت في المنطقة. تم تصميم موديل افتراضي لانبوب مدفون لغرض المناقشة والتحقق من صحة النتائج الحقلية. لقد بينت مقاطع المقاومة النوعية الكهربائية ثنائية البعد للموديل امكانية الكشف عن التراكيب المدفونة حتى بوجود مستوى ضجيج مقدار 5% .لقد اظهر تفسير البيانات الحقلية أن تقنية المقاومة النوعية الكهربائية ثنائية البعد كانت فعالة في تحديد الانابيب المدفونة. ان حساسية ترتيب فنر- شلمبرجر للتغيرات الرأسية والأفقية في المقاومة النوعية  الكهربائية للتربة تحت السطح جعلت من الممكن تحديد موقع وشكل هذه التراكيب المدفونة. لقد اكدت الدراسة الحالية فائدة تقنية المقاومة النوعية الكهربائية التصويرية كأداة مكملة لتحريات المواقع الهندسية.Engineering site investigation is crucial to characterize the subsurface soil of proposed construction sites. Application of 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging ERI technique pro- vides useful information about the subsurface geology and the condition along profiles. In this paper, numerical and field studies using 2D ERI technique were adopted for engineer- ing site investigation purposes. The Wenner-Schlumberger array was implemented along three parallel profiles at the construction site of Diyala University, northeast of Baghdad city, to detect buried utilities (pipes) left over in the area. A synthetic resistivity model of a buried pipe was designed to discuss and validate the field results. The 2D ERI sections of the model resolve clearly the buried structure, even with 5% noise level. Interpretation of the field data showed that 2D ERI technique was effective in delineating the buried pipes. The vertical and horizontal sensitivity of the Wenner-Schlumberger array for sub- surface resistivity variations made it possible to determine the position and geometry of the buried structures. The current work demonstrates the usefulness of the ERI technique as a complementary tool for engineering site investigation

Kisah Orang-Orang Saleh dalam Al-Qur’an: Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Tafsir Sayyid Quthb dan Al-Sya'rawi

Artikel ini membahas tentang kajian perbandingan kisah orang-orang shaleh dalam Al-Qur'an dalam perspektif Sayyid Quthub dan Al-Syahrawi. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik penelitian kepustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah pendekatan komparatif (muqaran). Data primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tafsir fi Zhilal Al-Qur'an karya Sayyid Qutb dan penampilan Khawatiri Hawla Al-Qur'an Al-Karim karya Al-Sya'rawi. artikel Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kisah Zulkarnain menampilkan kepemimpinan yang saleh dalam membangun dan membina negara atau bangsanya, Luqman Al-Hakim menunjukkan nilai-nilai mendidik orang tua kepada anaknya, Ali Imran menunjukkan nilai-nilai dalam membangun dan membina keluarga yang saleh, dan kisah Maryam menunjukkan nilai wanita ideal dalam ketaatan kepada Allah