The knowledge and attitude concerning sport-related concussion among coaches: A survey study

Background: There are no studies investigating the level of knowledge about and attitude towards sports-related concussions (SRC) among sports coaches in Jordan. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the knowledge about and attitude towards SRC among Jordanian sports coaches. Method: Our study was based on a cross-sectional survey. An Arabic version of the questionnaire from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used to collect data. The survey identified participants’ demographics and knowledge about (0–10 points with higher scores indicating a higher knowledge) and attitude towards (8–40 with lower scores indicating favourable attitudes) SRC. Descriptive statistics and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used to examine knowledge and attitude differences by demographic factors. Spearman’s correlation examined the correlation between the total knowledge and attitude scores. Results: Participants included 193 coaches (62 basketball, 66 martial arts, 30 soccer, and 35 swimming). The median total knowledge and attitude scores were 4 and 30, respectively. The total knowledge score was the highest in martial arts coaches (median = 4) and those with graduate degrees (median = 5). The total attitude score was the lowest among basketball coaches (median = 28) and those who were 40–50 years old (median = 28). No significant correlation between knowledge and attitude scores was observed. Conclusion: Jordanian coaches have a deficiency in knowledge about SRC and hold attitudes that are not consistent with current practice recommendations. Clinical implications: Knowledge and attitude about SRC can be improved through education, access to healthcare providers, and adherence to SRC management guidelines

Autozygome-guided exome sequencing in retinal dystrophy patients reveals pathogenetic mutations and novel candidate disease genes

Retinal dystrophy (RD) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases caused by loss of photoreceptor function and contributes significantly to the etiology of blindness globally but especially in the industrialized world. The extreme locus and allelic heterogeneity of these disorders poses a major diagnostic challenge and often impedes the ability to provide a molecular diagnosis that can inform counseling and gene-specific treatment strategies. In a large cohort of nearly 150 RD families, we used genomic approaches in the form of autozygome-guided mutation analysis and exome sequencing to identify the likely causative genetic lesion in the majority of cases. Additionally, our study revealed six novel candidate disease genes (C21orf2, EMC1, KIAA1549, GPR125, ACBD5, and DTHD1), two of which (ACBD5 and DTHD1) were observed in the context of syndromic forms of RD that are described for the first time

Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a characteristic feature of various pathologies including cancer, diabetes, and obesity, as well as being a general feature of ageing. However, the processes underlying its pathogenesis are not fully understood and may involve multiple factors. Importantly, there is growing evidence which supports a role for fatty acids and their derived lipid intermediates in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and function. In this review, we discuss evidence pertaining to those pathways which are involved in the reduction, increase and/or preservation of skeletal muscle mass by such lipids under various pathological conditions, and highlight studies investigating how these processes may be influenced by dietary supplementation as well as genetic and/or pharmacological intervention

Congenital tumors: imaging when life just begins

BACKGROUND: The technical developments of imaging methods over the last 2 decades are changing our knowledge of perinatal oncology. Fetal ultrasound is usually the first imaging method used and thus constitutes the reference prenatal study, but MRI seems to be an excellent complementary method for evaluating the fetus. The widespread use of both techniques has increased the diagnosis rates of congenital tumors. During pregnancy and after birth, an accurate knowledge of the possibilities and limits of the different imaging techniques available would improve the information obtainable, thus helping the medical team to make the most appropriate decisions about therapy and to inform the family about the prognosis. CONCLUSION: In this review article, we describe the main congenital neoplasms, their prognosis and their imaging characteristics with the different pre- and postnatal imaging methods available

Lexical skills in Arabic as a second or foreign language analysis of a Syrian television corpus : analysis of a Syrian television corpus

L’enseignement du lexique arabe à l’Institut supérieur des langues de Damas n’est pas encore à la hauteur des attentes de l’apprenant pour lui fournir une bonne connaissance lexicale. Les outils pour développer ce travail n’ont pas évolué dans les méthodes utilisées. Dans ces méthodes, on applique toujours l’approche classique du lexique. Cette approche n’est plus valable au moment où le critère de fonctionnalité lié à la notion de fréquence a commencé à avoir sa place dans la nouvelle conception du lexique. Ce projet de thèse vise donc à contribuer à l’enseignement de l’arabe langue étrangère à l'Institut supérieur des langues en profitant des recherches faites pour l'enseignement d’autres langues vivantes, et spécialement celles qui s’inscrivent dans le Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues (CECRL).Standard Arabic is actually the language of writing. The speeches made in the media and in some TV series are, in most cases, a literal restatement of visual coding of the language (text written in standard Arabic) in auditory coding (reading aloud the written text). Similarly, everyday Arabic does not have the same coding as Arabic that exists in the media, in books and in Arabic language courses. This gives the impression that the current teaching content is not suitable for a usage outside the language classroom.This thesis deals with the problem of the composition of the lexical content of textbooks of teaching Arabic L2 of Higher Language Institute of Damascus (Syria). A content that does not withdraw from standard norms (focus on the adaptation of a classic or moderne standard Arabic), but seeks to be as close as possible to the daily practice of language that is very rich in dialect. The current content represents the traditional approach of the lexicon, which focuses on the semantics of words and phrases while the communicative features of these language elements are little treated. The proposed analysisshows the weak points in the structure of textbooks now in use. It is based on the criteria of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and the skill references of Niveaux pour le français that offer an approach batter adapted to the preparation of the lexicon in recent textbooks of teaching moderne languages. This analysis focuses on finding the crossing points in standard and spoken Arabic in Syria to build a route map that allows the learner an easy passage from what he learns in the Arabic language classroom to Arabic that is really practiced in everyday communications. It provides some solutions to reduce the gap between these two usages of Arabic

Les compétences lexicales en arabe langue étrangère/seconde : analyse d'un corpus télévisuel syrien

Standard Arabic is actually the language of writing. The speeches made in the media and in some TV series are, in most cases, a literal restatement of visual coding of the language (text written in standard Arabic) in auditory coding (reading aloud the written text). Similarly, everyday Arabic does not have the same coding as Arabic that exists in the media, in books and in Arabic language courses. This gives the impression that the current teaching content is not suitable for a usage outside the language classroom.This thesis deals with the problem of the composition of the lexical content of textbooks of teaching Arabic L2 of Higher Language Institute of Damascus (Syria). A content that does not withdraw from standard norms (focus on the adaptation of a classic or moderne standard Arabic), but seeks to be as close as possible to the daily practice of language that is very rich in dialect. The current content represents the traditional approach of the lexicon, which focuses on the semantics of words and phrases while the communicative features of these language elements are little treated. The proposed analysisshows the weak points in the structure of textbooks now in use. It is based on the criteria of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and the skill references of Niveaux pour le français that offer an approach batter adapted to the preparation of the lexicon in recent textbooks of teaching moderne languages. This analysis focuses on finding the crossing points in standard and spoken Arabic in Syria to build a route map that allows the learner an easy passage from what he learns in the Arabic language classroom to Arabic that is really practiced in everyday communications. It provides some solutions to reduce the gap between these two usages of Arabic.L’enseignement du lexique arabe à l’Institut supérieur des langues de Damas n’est pas encore à la hauteur des attentes de l’apprenant pour lui fournir une bonne connaissance lexicale. Les outils pour développer ce travail n’ont pas évolué dans les méthodes utilisées. Dans ces méthodes, on applique toujours l’approche classique du lexique. Cette approche n’est plus valable au moment où le critère de fonctionnalité lié à la notion de fréquence a commencé à avoir sa place dans la nouvelle conception du lexique. Ce projet de thèse vise donc à contribuer à l’enseignement de l’arabe langue étrangère à l'Institut supérieur des langues en profitant des recherches faites pour l'enseignement d’autres langues vivantes, et spécialement celles qui s’inscrivent dans le Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues (CECRL)

Les compétences lexicales en arabe langue étrangère/seconde : analyse d'un corpus télévisuel syrien

Standard Arabic is actually the language of writing. The speeches made in the media and in some TV series are, in most cases, a literal restatement of visual coding of the language (text written in standard Arabic) in auditory coding (reading aloud the written text). Similarly, everyday Arabic does not have the same coding as Arabic that exists in the media, in books and in Arabic language courses. This gives the impression that the current teaching content is not suitable for a usage outside the language classroom.This thesis deals with the problem of the composition of the lexical content of textbooks of teaching Arabic L2 of Higher Language Institute of Damascus (Syria). A content that does not withdraw from standard norms (focus on the adaptation of a classic or moderne standard Arabic), but seeks to be as close as possible to the daily practice of language that is very rich in dialect. The current content represents the traditional approach of the lexicon, which focuses on the semantics of words and phrases while the communicative features of these language elements are little treated. The proposed analysisshows the weak points in the structure of textbooks now in use. It is based on the criteria of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and the skill references of Niveaux pour le français that offer an approach batter adapted to the preparation of the lexicon in recent textbooks of teaching moderne languages. This analysis focuses on finding the crossing points in standard and spoken Arabic in Syria to build a route map that allows the learner an easy passage from what he learns in the Arabic language classroom to Arabic that is really practiced in everyday communications. It provides some solutions to reduce the gap between these two usages of Arabic.L’enseignement du lexique arabe à l’Institut supérieur des langues de Damas n’est pas encore à la hauteur des attentes de l’apprenant pour lui fournir une bonne connaissance lexicale. Les outils pour développer ce travail n’ont pas évolué dans les méthodes utilisées. Dans ces méthodes, on applique toujours l’approche classique du lexique. Cette approche n’est plus valable au moment où le critère de fonctionnalité lié à la notion de fréquence a commencé à avoir sa place dans la nouvelle conception du lexique. Ce projet de thèse vise donc à contribuer à l’enseignement de l’arabe langue étrangère à l'Institut supérieur des langues en profitant des recherches faites pour l'enseignement d’autres langues vivantes, et spécialement celles qui s’inscrivent dans le Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues (CECRL)

Risk reduction through international diversification The case of British-based multinational corporations

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX89832 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

NeuroChaosCrypt: Revolutionizing Chaotic-Based Cryptosystem With Artificial Neural Networks—A Comparison With Traditional Cryptosystems

Encryption systems play a vital role in the transfer of sensitive data, and the integration of chaotic systems into this domain has garnered significant attention. However, these systems often grapple with complexity and insufficient security, posing challenges for real-world implementation. Researchers introduced the synchronization techniques to fix these problems, which means making sure that the chaotic systems in both the transmitter and receiver systems behave in a way that can be understood so that accurate signal recovery can happen. Chaotic system synchronisation presents challenges and security risks besides the limited of the encryption keys make them subjected to attacks. Because of their advantages over traditional chaotic systems in terms of flexibility, adaptability, and computational efficiency, artificial neural networks, or ANNs, are being used more and more to study chaotic systems. This paper presents NeuroChaosCrypt, a novel cryptographic framework employing unique methodologies for secure data transmission. It utilizes an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based chaotic system at both transmitter and receiver, eliminating the need for synchronization. A comprehensive case study, including audio signal transmission, underscores NeuroChaosCrypt’s efficacy. Comparison with a traditional encryption system integrating a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller reveals comparable security levels, correlation coefficient (cc), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Peak-to-Root Mean Square Distortion (PRD), and encryption time. NeuroChaosCrypt, enhanced by ANNs, excels in decryption speed, key-space coverage, and hardware implementation using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). This methodology achieves a higher maximum frequency while requiring fewer logic units. The comparison offers valuable insights into audio encryption methods, aiding informed decision-making for selecting the most suitable solution based on specific application requirements. Finally, we introduce an application of the proposed NeuroChaosCrypt for image encryption to ensure that the study can exploit other data types for broader applicability

الفرويديَّة في خطاب جورج طرابيشي من الحداثة إلى الفوات الحضاري (مقاربة على ضوء النظريَّة المُرتحِلة)

يتأسَّس البحث من افتراضٍ مفاده أنَّ انتقال نظرية من سياق حضاري إلى سياق آخر يلزمُ عنه تحولات معرفيَّة، متخذين من النظرية المُرتحِلة لـ (إدوارد سعيد) منطلقاً، ومن خطاب (سيغموند فرويد) و(جورج طرابيشي) موضوعاً؛ إذ يسعَى البحثُ إلى الإجابة عن التساؤلات الآتية: هل انتقال نظريَّة من سياقٍ تاريخيٍّ اجتماعيٍّ إلى سياقٍ مُختلفٍ يُكسِبُ النظريةَ تطوراً إغنائياً أم يشوّه النظرية ويفقدها فاعليتها؟ وهل يجعل هذا الانتقال من النظرية الثانية تابعة للأولى؟ وما أثر السياقات التاريخية والحضارية في المُتغيرات المعرفيَّة؟ في ضوء هذه التساؤلات نتمثّل خطابي فرويد وطرابيشي مع الأخذ بالخطوات المنهجية الآتية: - تشخيص المُحدِّدات التاريخية والاجتماعية الحاضنة لخطابيهما. - تحديد الإطار المرجعي، وكيفية استثماره مفهومياً وتطبيقياً. -  الكشف عن الإبدالات المعرفيَّة التي أجراها طرابيشي على خطاب فرويد، ثم تقييم فاعليتها وغائيتها.