University Students’ Criteria for Choosing a Life Partner: A Case Study on a Hashemite University Student Sample

The study aimed to show the attitudes of university students towards the criteria for choosing a life partner by using a sample consisting of (816) male and female students studying at the Hashemite University in Jordan. The study took into account their academic level, academic specialization, place of residence, type of housing for their families, and their family’s monthly income. The study contains (18) items that measure the five criteria for choosing a life partner. Then, the data obtained from the sample underwent two types of statistical operations. The first was used to describe the characteristics of students and their attitudes, which included repetitions, ratios, arithmetic mean, and standard deviations. The second was inferential by using Chebyshev’s Theorem which showed the effects of the characteristics of students on their attitudes. After confirming the validity and reliability of its tool, the study reached the following conclusions. The most important criterion from the viewpoint of Hashemite University students is the psychological criterion with an arithmetic average (3.32), followed by the religious standard (3.27), then the socio-cultural criterion (3.23), and finally the economic standard (3.02). The implications of these results are important for the design of courses on family planning at universities and for the implementation for counseling in family courts

The impact of bank credit on investment and public spending in Iraq for the period (2005-2021)

Purpose: The current study aims at examining the reality of bank credit, analyzing, and estimating investment and public spending in Iraq. The research also aims at showing the impact of bank credit on investment and public spending in Iraq. Theoretical framework: Bank credit has an instrumental and effective part in financing most economic activities, which contributes to revitalizing the national economy by organizing and developing short, medium and long-term financing mechanisms. As for investment and public spending, they reflect the development of the economy and the extent of financial and monetary stability that the country has. Methodology: For reaching the research methodology, the inductive approach was adopted to study the total facts through formulating economic analysis descriptively by using modern standard tools in economic analysis to show the impact of bank credit on investment and public spending. Finding: It was concluded that bank credit has a key role, especially in financing investment projects that require great funds in order to create a favorable climate for investment. The relationship between bank credit and investment is a direct relationship. Research, scientific and social implications: The study identifies investment financing and public spending and how bank credit can meet this financing through the bank strategies. The study also determines which of the two variables, investment and public spending, is most affected by bank credit

Hardware implementation of naive bayes classifier for malware detection

Naïve bayes classifier is a probabilistic supervised machine learning algorithm, that can be launched on most general-purpose devices to solve wide range of classification problems. However, when it comes to real time applications, the general-purpose devices are limited in term of their computational throughput, thus this algorithm couldn’t be used for that purpose. The aim of this project is to accelerate this algorithm in hardware environment to improve its performance by exploring its hidden concurrency and map it into parallel hardware as an optimized IP package, suitable for FPGA-SoC applications. Thus, it could be used as a middle box system for real time malware detection. In order for the proposed hardware to meet the requirements of this research, it should be able to handle both training, and inference part in hardware, and also should be able to receive a flow of 20 features, each of 32-bitsize, organized in 4-gram format. To meet these requirements, an enhanced version of the algorithm was developed and tested in Cprogramming. Then an equivalent design with a 5-stages pipelined architecture, and single instruction multiple data capabilities, was built in hardware to address the case. At the end, the proposed hardware found to be 65 times faster in term of its computational throughput compared to an existing design, and that with keeping the accuracy level as high as 94%, under the conditions of experiment carried

Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries Among Healthcare Workers: A retrospective six-year study

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the proportion of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among healthcare workers at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC), Amman, Jordan. Methods: All NSSI reports referred from departments at KHMC to the Preventive Medicine Department between 2013–2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Proportion of NSSIs were calculated and stratified according to age, gender, job title, place and site of injury and the procedure/task during which the injury occurred. Results: There were a total of 393 NSSIs. A significant association was found between the proportion of NSSIs and all tested variables (P <0.001). The reported proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses (39.7%) followed by cleaners (36.3%), physicians (10.4%), other workers (7.4%) and lab technicians (5.9%) during the study’s six-year period. Hospital wards were the most common locations (46.1%) where injuries took place. Injuries also occurred most frequently during medical waste collection (38.2%). Conclusion: The proportion of NSSIs was highest among nurses and cleaners. Safety policies and training among high-risk groups should be reviewed to reduce the risk of NSSIs. Multicentre studies at a national level should be conducted to examine whether this study’s findings reflect national trends.Keywords: Needlestick Injuries; Safety; Self Report; Nurses; Accident Prevention; Jordan

The Effect of Using School PC and Interactive Board on Creative Thinking in Science for Basic Second Grade Students in Jordanian Private Schools

Abstract:This study aimed at inquiring the effect of using School PC and interactive board on creative thinking in science for basic second grade students in private schools. To achieve the objectives of the study, the study applied a Quasi-experimental methodology. Purposive sample was limited to (56) of male and female students, distributed into three groups of 2nd  grade in primary schools. The groups were as follows: first experimental group, which was taught Science by using (School PC), second experimental group, which was taught by using (interactive board), and the control group, which was taught by (traditional technique. Torrance's formalism (b) of creative thinking test was adopted and used by the researchers.-There were significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on originality, fluency, and flexibility dimensions, and the total score between the two groups which were studied by using the interactive blackboard and the usual method, in favor of the usual method. While there were no significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on the details dimension. -There were significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on originality, fluency and flexibility dimensions, and the total score between the two groups which were studied by using the interactive blackboard and the school personal computer, in favor of the school personal computer. But, there were no significant differences at (α≤ o.os) on the details dimension. -There were no significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on originality, fluency, flexibility, details, and the total score between the two groups which were studied by using school personal computer and the usual method. -There were significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on originality, fluency, flexibility and the total score between the two groups which were studied by using the usual method. -There were significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) on originality, fluency, flexibility and the total score between the two groups which were studied by using the interactive blackboard, and the school personal computer, in favor of the school personal computer. -There were no significant differences at on originality, fluency, flexibility, details and the total score on the creative thinking test, between the two groups which were studied by using the school personal computer, and the usual method. -There were no significant differences at (α≤ 0.05) among the three groups (the school personal computer, the interactive blackboard and the usual method) on details dimension. Key words: School PC, Interactive Board, Creative Thinking

HLA-DRB1 among patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Saudi Arabia

Purpose: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is an immune-mediated disorder with autoimmune insult directed against antigens associated with melanocytes. The genetic predisposition among VKH has not been explored in Saudi Arabia. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 alleles to VKH patients and to clarify the molecular genetic mechanism underlying the susceptibility or resistance to VKH disease. Methods: Genomic DNA from a total of 30 patients with VKH and 29 control subjects was extracted from peripheral blood, and HLA-DRB1 alleles were typed by polymerase chain reaction and sequence based typing (SBT). Results: We found a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of HLA-DRB1 *0405 between the VKH patients and control subjects (p<0.05). Eleven out of thirty (36.6%) patients with VKH had positive HLA-DRB1 *0405 compared to two out of twenty-nine (6.9%) control subjects. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the HLA-DRB1 alleles *01, *0101, *0102, *0301, *04, *0403, *0404, *0701, *1001, *1101, *1112, *1301, *1302, *1303, *1501, and *1502 between the VKH patients and controls. Conclusions: Patients with VKH had significantly greater incidence of HLA-DRB1 *0405 when compared to age and sex-matched controls. Consequently, this finding suggests that HLA-DRB1 *0405 allele might play a role in the pathogenesis of VKH disease. © 2009 Molecular Vision

PREVALENCE OF MALOCCLUSION AMONG YEMENI CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Objective: Malocclusion is every difference in the arrangement of teeth beyond the standard of regular occlusion illustrated by anomalies within the dental arches. The purpose of this study was to measure prevalence of malocclusion between primary school children in Sana’a city Yemen. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 1079 school children (546 girls and 533 boys), their age ranged from 7 to 12 years old from public and private schools selected randomly in Sana'a City, Yemen. The prevalence of malocclusion was investigated according to age, gender and school type based on Angle's classification. Results: The study showed that the overall prevalence of malocclusion among school children was 81.1%, in which Class I normal molar association was found only in 18.9% of school children, while Class I malocclusion included the highest percentage of the sample 70.4%, followed by Class II relation 9.5%, and Class III involved only 1.1%. The most prevalent malocclusion trait was spacing 35.7%, whereas the crowding was present in 30.0% of the sample. The deep bite was present in 10.1% followed by anterior crossbite 8.8%, midline diastema 8.6%, anterior open bite 4.5%, posterior crossbite 4.0%, and the least noted malocclusion trait was posterior open bite 0.4%. Conclusion: In conclusion, there was a high rate of malocclusion in school children and significantly increased with age, class I malocclusion was the most common followed by Class II malocclusion, while Class III was the rear. The most prevalent occlusal problem was spacing, followed by crowding.&nbsp; Thus, 7-12 year-olds can benefit from interceptive and preventive oral health procedures which may either entirely prevent or reduce the development of serious types of malocclusions afterward in their lives. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Peer Review History: Received 8 January 2020; &nbsp;&nbsp;Revised 9 February; Accepted 1 March, Available online 15 March 2020 Academic Editor: Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia,&nbsp; Indonesia, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. George Zhu,&nbsp;Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, [email protected] Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel,&nbsp;Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,&nbsp; Giza, Egypt, [email protected]&nbsp; &nbsp;Similar Articles: COCCIDIAN INTESTINAL PARASITES AMONG CHILDREN IN AL-TORBAH CITY IN YEMEN: IN COUNTRY WITH HIGH INCIDENCE OF MALNUTRITION EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO POLIO VACCINE IN MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN SANA'A CITY PREVALENCE AND POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS IN A SAMPLE OF CHILDREN IN TWO SELECTED AREAS IN YEME

OCCLUSAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRIMARY DENTITION AMONG A SAMPLE OF YEMENI PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

Objective: The occlusal features change dynamically in the growing children and any disruption in the complex craniofacial growth process may lead to malocclusion, which is a major concern for the pediatric community because of its effects on dental function and beauty, as well as on the child's psyche. The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence of different occlusal traits in the primary dentition of the randomly selected pre-school children from three to five years in the city of Sana’a, Yemen. Methods: The study includes 1106 pre-school children subjected to a dental examination performed in the school premise, using the Foster and Hamilton criteria for occlusal traits. As well as inter- and intra-calibration tests were conducted for assessing the degree of agreeability. Results: Results of the study showed that the Bilateral flush terminal molar relationship was found in 60%, bilateral mesial step in 27.9%, asymmetrical relationship in 8.5% and distal step in 3.5% of tested children. The Bilateral canine class I was detected in 62.8%, asymmetrical relationship (13.6%), class II (12.5%) and class III (11.1%). Normal over-jet (OJ) of 1-3 mm was identified in 39.2%, decreased OJ &lt;1 mm (32.7%) and edge-to-edge (8.8%). Ideal over-bite (OB) of 1-50% was detected in 64.5% and increased OB of &gt; 50% (19.7%). Conclusion: In conclusion theBilateral flush terminal molar, class I canine relationships, normal overjet (OJ) of 1-3mm were the most commonly found sagittal occlusal traits in the current study. Ideal over-bite (OB) of 1-50% were identified in more than half of the children. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Peer Review History: Received 2 February 2020; &nbsp;&nbsp;Revised 21 February; Accepted 3 March, Available online 15 March 2020 Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria,&nbsp;[email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Aya Mohammed Mohammed Essawy,&nbsp;MTI University- Mokattam, Egypt,&nbsp;[email protected] Dr. Nada Farrag,&nbsp;Misr International University, Egypt, [email protected] Similar Articles: COCCIDIAN INTESTINAL PARASITES AMONG CHILDREN IN AL-TORBAH CITY IN YEMEN: IN COUNTRY WITH HIGH INCIDENCE OF MALNUTRITION EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO POLIO VACCINE IN MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN SANA'A CITY PREVALENCE AND POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS IN A SAMPLE OF CHILDREN IN TWO SELECTED AREAS IN YEME

Assessment of the antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities of Moluccella spinosa, Helichrysum sanguineum, and Styrax officinalis folkloric medicinal plants from Palestine

The emergence of pathogenic microbes with increased resistance to established antibiotics provides a major incentive for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Herbals may provide valuable solutions for this global problem. In addition, the replacement of harmful synthetic antioxidants with natural ones may prevent various serious diseases. The present investigation describes for the first time the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the aqueous and organic extracts of Helichrysum sanguineum, Moluccella spinosa and Styrax officinalis plants aerial parts. The free radical scavenging activity was estimated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method, while the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against selected microbial strains from American Type Culture Collection and clinical isolates such as Shigella sonnie, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcuss feacium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Epidermophyton floccosum and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using minimum inhibitory concentration assay. A mixture of phytochemical compounds was found in all of the studied plants extracts which also showed remarkable potentials of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The current study provides initial data that justify the use and importance of these plants in the Palestinian traditional medicine. In addition, it provides evidence that the aqueous and organic extracts of H. sanguineum, M. spinosa and S. officinalis exhibited interesting antioxidant activity comparing with Trolox. Furthermore, the organic extract of H. sanguineum strongly exhibited bacterial growth of S. aureus, E. faecium and MRSA which suggested to be used as antibiotic alternative or as sufficient natural food preservative.The authors acknowledge the assistance of the technicians Mohamad Arar and Linda Esa