Teaching English In Iraq:an Analysis Of An Efl Textbook

This study evaluates the fifth- grade beginning English textbook, Iraq Opportunities 3, which was introduced in elementary schools by the Iraqi Ministry of Education in 2012. This mixed methods research aims to analyze the content of a new textbook that is considered to be the foundation of the English language program in Iraq. This is a valuable research project since its findings reveal the strengths and weaknesses of Iraq Opportunities 3 based on three critical components: grammar, vocabulary, and culture. A survey questionnaire was used in this study to elicit the perspectives of English language teachers who are using this textbook in their classrooms along with the personal evaluation by the researcher. Three research questions were addressed in this study: 1) How are grammar and vocabulary addressed in Iraq Opportunities 3? 2) How are English-speaking and Iraqi cultures represented in Iraq Opportunities 3? and 3) Is the L2 culture represented in this textbook in a way that exposes students to the English-speaking culture? The findings are generally in favor of the textbook in terms of grammar and vocabulary and their appropriateness for the age and level of students. However, the study criticizes the limited role and the poor representation of culture in this curriculum

Spectroscopy Characterization of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Degradation by Different Kinds of Accelerated Aging

يقدم البحث رؤية حول التشوه الحاصل في التركيب الكيمياوي للبوليمر المشترك المتحلل  اثلين فنيل الخلات EVA وذلك بحسب تغير نسبة قيم ثوابت المعدل المستحصلة من منحنيات الحركية الطيفية للعينات المتحللة. اذ تم تحديد  تضبيط رسم منحنيات الحركية الطيفية للفلورة ولمجالين مميزين من الاطوال الموجية لشدات الفلورة. حيث أظهرت الاطوال الموجية القصيرة (320-400 nm) تداخلا في الاطياف, بينما عند الاطوال الموجية الطويلة (400-800 nm) بدت الاطياف منتظمة وحسب أزمنة التعتيق المعجل. أن النسبة لثابت معدل سرعة التفاعل  عند الاطوال الموجية الطويلة الى ثابت معدل سرعة التفاعل للاطوال الموجية القصيرة هو المعيار لدرجة التشوه في البنية الكيمياوية. حيث يعتمد المعامل المولاري الخارجي على البنية الكيمياوية. من خلال قياس الامتصاصية, تم تصنيف نماذج EVA الى مجموعتين. اذ ان وجود اضافات Cyasorb هي النقطة الرئيسية في التصنيف. تم دراسة تأثير الأنواع المختلفة للتعتيق المعجل وهي, تسخين جاف عند 115 ℃و تسخين رطب عند رطوبة نسبية مقدارها 85% ودرجة حرارة 85 ℃ وتعتيق التشعيع بالاشعة فوق البنفسجية عند درجة حرارة 65 ℃ وعند ازمنة تعتيق مختلفة لكل مجموعة. وقد تم مناقشة نتائج اطياف الامتصاص والفلورة للعينات. اجمالا, فان اضافة Cyasorb تسبب تشوه اعلى في التركيب الكيمياوي عند تحلل. EVA  أن العامل الاكثر تأثيرا هو التعتيق الرطب بينما الاقل يحصل بواسطة التشعيع بالاشعة فوق البنفسجية. بينما تغير التركيب الكيمياوي الاكبر يحدث للعينة الخالية من اضافة Cyasorb , حيث ينتج من التعتيق الرطب أما التغير الاقل فينتج بواسطة التسخين الجاف.            This paper presents a sight about the chemical structure deformation of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) samples according to the change ratio of rate constant values. Spectroscopy kinetics fluorescence curves are fitted for two characteristic wavelength domains of fluorescent intensities. The short wavelengths (320-400 nm) domain show spectra overlapping, while at long wavelengths (400-800 nm) domain spectra are arranged in regular for each specific accelerated aging time. The ratio of kinetics rate constant at long wavelengths to kinetics rate constant of short wavelengths is the criterion of the degree chemical structure deformation. Molar extrinsic coefficient relies on the chemical structure change. Through absorbance measurement, EVA samples have been classified into two groups. Presence of Cyasorb additive is the key point of the ranking. The effect of three different accelerated aging of dry (115 oC), damp (85% moisture, 85 oC), and irradiated (UV, 65 oC) aging have been considered for two samples of each group over different aging time. Spectroscopy of absorbance and fluorescent for aged samples have been discussed. In general, Cyasorb adding causes higher chemical structure deformation for the EVA sample. The most effective factor is the damp aging and the less one is the UV irradiation aging, while the biggest chemical structure change of Cyasorb-free sample is produced by damp aging and the less by dry heat.  &nbsp

Myocardial uptake of Tc-99m HDP in a patient with prostate carcinoma

In this case report we present an unusual appearance of myocardial uptake of Tc-99m HDP in a 59-year-old renal transplant patient who was imaged while looking for metastases from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Subsequent investigation demonstrated no obvious cause for this appearance, such as myocardial disease or metastatic cancer. The case report, therefore, discusses the possible causes of such an appearance and reviews the literature concerning this phenomenon

Stopping of Slow Hydrogen Dicluster by Different Solid Materials

In this theoretical work, the subject of stopping power is investigated for slow hydrogen dicluster by using random phase approximation. The projectile is stopped by variance solids of different Wigner Seitz radiuses. The considered stopping power is related to the interaction between a low velocity dicluster  of zero damping interacts with (Au, C, Al, and Cs) targets mediums based on an electron gas model.The subject of an ionic dicluster stopping power has been calculated by using Random Phase Approximation (RPA) at low velocity for the first and second approximation order, where the influence of damping has been ignored. The obtained results of this study show detailed behavior of the ionic dicluster of its duality interaction with several electron density targets mediums of long range collision belongs to aggregation effect, their affected parameters as internuclear distance of dicluster, and its velocity are studied.The results have been achieved by using programs of Fortran-90 language which performed for the numerical calculation. DOI: 10.7176/APTA/82-05 Publication date: January 31st 202

Novel Adsorbent For Industrial Wastewater Treatment Applications

In this study, the hydroxyapatite powder is investigated for both of methylene blue and thymol blue in aqueous solution. The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were evaluated systematically using the different techniques including Microsoft Excel programming, linear regression model and also the coefficient of determination. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effect of contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentrations, and also the adsorbent dosage on adsorption. The adsorption kinetic parameters confirmed the better fitting of pseudo-second order kinetic model for both of methylene blue and thymol blue. The isotherm data of methylene blue and thymol blue could be well described by the Freundlich isotherm model which means the adsorption is multilayer adsorption with non-uniform distribution of adsorption heat and affinities over the heterogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (KF) of methylene blue and thymol blue is found to be 0.2736 (L/mg) and 11.18407 (L/mg) respectively. The high specific surface area and the porous structure with some acidic functional groups on the surface were obviously responsible for high dyes adsorption onto hydroxyapatite (HA). Adsorption kinetics data were modeled with the application of Pseudo first order, Pseudo second order and Intraparticle diffusion models. The results revealed that the Pseudo second order model was the best fitting model. Which means that, the adsorption mechanism followed two stages in which the first one was fast and the other was slower step. Which means the adsorption of dye molecules was limited by intra particle diffusion and film diffusion, as well as the adsorption rate in both of adsorption system are depends only on the slower step. The Boyd plot exposed that the intra-particle diffusion was the rate controlling step of the adsorption process of both of methylene blue and thymol blue molecules by HA powder. However, the adsorption of methylene blue molecules (basic solution) using of HA as adsorbent particles is found to be extremely preferable than thymol blue molecules

Development of novel adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment

The main objective of this research project is to perform some experimental procedures to inform the ability of the novel adsorbent used in this project. The chemical modification of the adsorbent is the chemical oxidation of pure powder chitosan using some specific redox pairs which are potassium dichromate and sodium bisulphite. After preparing the modified chitosan, there are some parameters that must be discussed during the adsorption process. The first parameter is the time parameter, showing experimentally the optimum time for adsorption under certain conditions by collecting values of absorbance and concentration of thymol blue adsorbed after the process from the spectrophotometer showing that the optimum time is 120 minutes. While for the optimum pH experiment, it is shown that optimum pH is 4, 0.5% v/v is optimum concentration, and 0.05 grams is the optimum dose for the adsorbent. Then after computing these conditions and values of absorbance, some calculations and classifications are done to show the reaction kinetics and isotherm classification of the process. By performing some equations using mathematical rules it is provided that the reaction is not a first order reaction, showing by calculations and graphs that the reaction is a second order reaction. Also, to know the classification of the process other mathematical relations are done calculating slope and R2 to show whether the process reaction is a Langumir or Frendulish, showing that the reaction process is a Frendulish process having a greater value of R2

A smartphone-based point-of-care quantitative urinalysis device for chronic kidney disease patients

© 2018 Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This author accepted manuscript is made available following 24 month embargo from date of publication (April 2018) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyThis paper presents the design and development of a smartphone-based urinalysis device that has the ability for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients themselves to conduct rapid and reliable quantitative urinalysis of human serum albumin (HSA) using an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanomaterial bioprobe with their own smartphones. The focus of this paper is a novel solution to the device agnosticism issue as a wide diversity of smartphones co-exist in the market. The solution comprises: a) custom-design and fabrication of an imaging housing that provides a consistent imaging condition regardless of the physical dimensions and the camera position of the smartphone used, b) orchestration of an image processing and analysis process that produces consistent image colour intensity values regardless of the camera sensor and imaging software used by the smartphone, and c) special design and development of an intuitive cross-platform mobile application that is scalable to growth, adaptable to changes, resilient to loss of data, and has an extremely low requirement for smartphone hardware. Preliminary evaluation of the device has confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed solution and the viability of such a smartphone-based device for people who have already developed or are prone to CKD to regularly perform point-of-care (POC) urine testing in order to self monitor their own health conditions without the burden of frequent visits to their doctors

Intelligent image-based colourimetric tests using machine learning framework for lateral flow assays

This paper aims to deliberately examine the scope of an intelligent colourimetric test that fulfils ASSURED criteria (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and robust, Equipment-free, and Deliverable) and demonstrate the claim as well. This paper presents an investigation into an intelligent image-based system to perform automatic paper-based colourimetric tests in real-time to provide a proof-of-concept for a dry-chemical based or microfluidic, stable and semi-quantitative assay using a larger dataset with diverse conditions. The universal pH indicator papers were utilised as a case study. Unlike the works done in the literature, this work performs multiclass colourimetric tests using histogram based image processing and machine learning algorithm without any user intervention. The proposed image processing framework is based on colour channel separation, global thresholding, morphological operation and object detection. We have also deployed a server based convolutional neural network framework for image classification using inductive transfer learning on a mobile platform. The results obtained by both traditional machine learning and pre-trained model-based deep learning were critically analysed with the set evaluation criteria (ASSURED criteria). The features were optimised using univariate analysis and exploratory data analysis to improve the performance. The image processing algorithm showed >98% accuracy while the classification accuracy by Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS- SVM) was 100%. On the other hand, the deep learning technique provided >86% accuracy, which could be further improved with a large amount of data. The k-fold cross validated LS- SVM based final system, examined on different datasets, confirmed the robustness and reliability of the presented approach, which was further validated using statistical analysis. The understaffed and resource limited healthcare system can benefit from such an easy-to-use technology to support remote aid workers, assist in elderly care and promote personalised healthcare by eliminating the subjectivity of interpretation

Gut gemeint heisst nicht gut gemacht : was sagt die Literatur über die Barrieren bei der Implementierung von evidenzbasiertem Fachwissen in den Pflegealltag?

Hintergrund : Evidence-based practice (EBP) steht für eine evidenzbasierte Patientenversorgung und ein bestmögliches Patienten-Outcome. EBP wird noch ungenügend in die Praxis implementiert. Diese Arbeit setzt sich mit den Barrieren bei der Implementierung von EBP in die Praxis auseinander. Fragestellung : «Was sagt die Literatur über die Barrieren bei der Implementierung von evidenzbasiertem Fachwissen in den Pflegealltag?» Methode : Mit einer systematisierten Literaturrecherche wurden acht internationale Primärstudien selektiert und kritisch gewürdigt. Die Modelle Evidence-based Practice von Rycroft-Malone (2004) und i-PARIHS / PARIHS von Harvey et al. (2016) dienen als theoretischer Bezugsrahmen sowie zur Ableitung der Praxisimplikationen für die EBP-Implementierung. Ergebnisse : Die Barrieren der EBP-Implementierung kann in vier Faktoren eingeteilt werden: EBP-Wissen, EBP-Überzeugung, organisatorische Bereitschaft für EBP und EBP-Implementierung. Schlussfolgerung : Die EBP-Implementierung ist stark vom EBP-Wissen und der EBP-Überzeugung der Pflegefachpersonen abhängig, sodass diese eine Schlüsselrolle einnehmen. Dieser Prozess bedarf eines kontinuierlichen Engagements sowie aktiver EBP-Förderung durch die Institutionen. Durch ein einheitliches EBP-Konzept und enge professionelle Zusammenarbeit werden Barrieren reduziert und eine nachhaltige EBP-Implementierung ermöglicht. Die Barrieren sind national wie auch international noch unzureichend erforscht

Osteosynthesis of ankle fractures: Problems and solutions

A topical problem in traumatology is the choice of treatment methods for ankle fractures. The consideration of the anatomical and functional features of the ankle, condition of soft tissues in the area of fractures and the degree of edema in the ankle region is of great importance when choosing a particular treatment method. Therefore, reducing the degree of surgical aggression during surgical treatment of these injuries is an important task.. The aim of this study was to examine the possibilities of improving the results of surgical treatment of patients with ankle fractures with minimally invasive osteosynthesis technologies. This study presents the experience of treating 62 patients with fractures of the ankle joint. Two statistically homogeneous groups of patients with ankle fractures were identified. In one group, osteosynthesis with minimally invasive osteosynthesis techniques was used in 34 patients; in the other, osteosynthesis was performed in a conventional manner in 28 patients. A comparative analysis of the immediate and long-term results of treatment of patients in the study groups was carried out. The advantage of closed technology of osteosynthesis was proved. The preservation of the blood supply to the surrounding soft tissues with closed osteosynthesis provides a greater likelihood of fracture fusion, therefore the only condition in such cases is to eliminate the interposition of soft tissues in the area of lateral and medial ankle fractures.. The analysis of the obtained immediate and remote results of osteosynthesis in the two groups showed the best efficiency when using minimally invasive closed metal implantationtechnologies, especially when there are skin problems in the area of the injured ankle joint. © 2019, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved