14 research outputs found
Dynamic Encoding and Decoding of Information for Split Learning in Mobile-Edge Computing: Leveraging Information Bottleneck Theory
Split learning is a privacy-preserving distributed learning paradigm in which
an ML model (e.g., a neural network) is split into two parts (i.e., an encoder
and a decoder). The encoder shares so-called latent representation, rather than
raw data, for model training. In mobile-edge computing, network functions (such
as traffic forecasting) can be trained via split learning where an encoder
resides in a user equipment (UE) and a decoder resides in the edge network.
Based on the data processing inequality and the information bottleneck (IB)
theory, we present a new framework and training mechanism to enable a dynamic
balancing of the transmission resource consumption with the informativeness of
the shared latent representations, which directly impacts the predictive
performance. The proposed training mechanism offers an encoder-decoder neural
network architecture featuring multiple modes of complexity-relevance
tradeoffs, enabling tunable performance. The adaptability can accommodate
varying real-time network conditions and application requirements, potentially
reducing operational expenditure and enhancing network agility. As a proof of
concept, we apply the training mechanism to a millimeter-wave (mmWave)-enabled
throughput prediction problem. We also offer new insights and highlight some
challenges related to recurrent neural networks from the perspective of the IB
theory. Interestingly, we find a compression phenomenon across the temporal
domain of the sequential model, in addition to the compression phase that
occurs with the number of training epochs.Comment: Accepted to Proc. IEEE Globecom 202
Recommended from our members
Study protocol: cross-national comparative case study of recovery-focused mental health care planning and coordination (COCAPP).
BACKGROUND: The collaborative care planning study (COCAPP) is a cross-national comparative study of care planning and coordination in community mental healthcare settings. The context and delivery of mental health care is diverging between the countries of England and Wales whilst retaining points of common interest, hence providing a rich geographical comparison for research. Across England the key vehicle for the provision of recovery-focused, personalised, collaborative mental health care is the care programme approach (CPA). The CPA is a form of case management introduced in England in 1991, then revised in 2008. In Wales the CPA was introduced in 2003 but has now been superseded by The Mental Health (Care Co-ordination and Care and Treatment Planning) (CTP) Regulations (Mental Health Measure), a new statutory framework. In both countries, the CPA/CTP requires providers to: comprehensively assess health/social care needs and risks; develop a written care plan (which may incorporate risk assessments, crisis and contingency plans, advanced directives, relapse prevention plans, etc.) in collaboration with the service user and carer(s); allocate a care coordinator; and regularly review care. The overarching aim of this study is to identify and describe the factors that ensure CPA/CTP care planning and coordination is personalised, recovery-focused and conducted collaboratively. METHODS/DESIGN: COCAPP will employ a concurrent transformative mixed methods approach with embedded case studies. Phase 1 (Macro-level) will consider the national context through a meta-narrative mapping (MNM) review of national policies and the relevant research literature. Phase 2 (Meso-level and Micro-level) will include in-depth micro-level case studies of everyday 'frontline' practice and experience with detailed qualitative data from interviews and reviews of individual care plans. This will be nested within larger meso-level survey datasets, senior-level interviews and policy reviews in order to provide potential explanations and understanding. DISCUSSION: COCAPP will help identify the key components that support and hinder the provision of personalised, recovery-focused care planning and provide an informed rationale for a future planned intervention and evaluation
Recommended from our members
Cross-national comparative mixed-methods case study of recovery-focused mental health care planning and co-ordination: Collaborative Care Planning Project (COCAPP)
The care programme approach in England and care and treatment planning in Wales are systems designed to provide mental health service users with a named care co-ordinator who meets regularly with the service user, oversees their care and develops a written plan to guide the care that they receive. These approaches are meant to help people towards recovery. In this study, we investigated whether care is organised to help people’s recovery and whether this is done in a personalised way. We identified six NHS trust/health board sites in England and Wales, and surveyed staff and service users to measure views on recovery, empowerment and therapeutic relationships. At each site we also interviewed managers, clinical staff care co-ordinators, service users and carers about their experiences of care planning. We found that good relationships are important for service users, carers and care co-ordinators in care planning and supporting recovery. Experiences of care planning and co-ordination varied within all sites. People do not always feel involved in their own care. The understanding of recovery and personalisation varied among the service users and staff interviewed. Workers say that there is too much paperwork and, like service users, they rarely look at care plans once written. Staff focus on risk but this does not often appear to be discussed with people using services, which may be problematic. We recommend research to investigate new ways of working and training to increase staff contact time with service users and carers and to improve a focus on recovery
Transdisciplinary Approach: An Atypical Strategy for Improving Outcomes in Rehabilitative and Long-Term Acute Care Settings
Immunogenicity and smoking-cessation outcomes for a novel nicotine immunotherapeutic.
NicVAX, a nicotine vaccine (3'AmNic-rEPA), has been clinically evaluated to determine whether higher antibody (Ab) concentrations are associated with higher smoking abstinence rates and whether dosages and frequency of administration are associated with increased Ab response. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (N = 301 smokers) tested the results of 200- and 400-µg doses administered four or five times over a period of 6 months, as compared with placebo. 3'AmNic-rEPA recipients with the highest serum antinicotine Ab response (top 30% by area under the curve (AUC)) were significantly more likely than the placebo recipients (24.6% vs. 12.0%, P = 0.024, odds ratio (OR) = 2.69, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-6.37) to attain 8 weeks of continuous abstinence from weeks 19 through 26. The five-injection, 400-µg dose regimen elicited the greatest Ab response and resulted in significantly higher abstinence rates than placebo. This study demonstrates, as proof of concept, that 3'AmNic-rEPA elicits Abs to nicotine and is associated with higher continuous abstinence rates (CAR). Its further development as a treatment for nicotine dependence is therefore justified