Systems dynamics modelling of a manufacturing supply chain system

International audienceWe study the effects of an economic policy in an endogenous growth general equilibrium framework where production of consumption goods requires two resource inputs: a polluting non-renewable resource and a non-polluting labour resource. The use of the former contributes to the accumulation of pollution in the atmosphere, which affects welfare. There is a specific research sector associated with each of those resources. We provide a full welfare analysis, and we describe the equilibrium paths in a decentralized economy. We go on to study the effects of three associated economic policy tools: a tax on the polluting resource, and two research subsidies. We show that the optimal environmental policy has two main effects; it delays the extraction of the resource and with it the level of polluting emissions and it reallocates research efforts, decreasing the amount put into “grey” research to the benefit of “green” research.We also show that the environmental policy is grey-biased in the short-term, and green-biased in the long-term. Finally, we compute the optimal values for these tools

Effect of Cadmium Application on Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Total Phenolic Content of Basil Genotypes

WOS: 000454950700017Background: Exposure to heavy metals leads to increase in reactive oxygen species. Plants have many strategies to counteract the toxic effects of heavy metal stress by activating certain intermediary metabolic activities and making physiological adjustments. Objective: This study was designed to determine total phenolic contents and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of eight Ocimum basilicum L. genotypes grown in a soil exposed to cadmium at different levels. Methods: Total phenolic contents were calculated as gallic acid equivalent. Antioxidant activity was studied based on DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Antimicrobial activity was determined by disc diffusion method against several microorganisms. Results: The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in the case of genotype 5 against Bacillus subtilus with the inhibition diameter value as 18.50 mm for basil grown at Cd free soil. This value just decreased to 17.57 mm at the conditions with 40 mg/kg Cd. Depending on increase at cadmium dose, the best grade increase in antimicrobial activity was also observed against B.subtilus for genotype 7. Total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity values were also increased with the Cd application at low doses. At very high doses of Cd a little decrease was observed for these values. Both of the phenolic content values and DPPH scavenging activities reached their maximum values for genotypes 1,7 and 8 grown at soil exposed to 20 mg/ kg Cd. Conclusion: Although cadmium is toxic, known beneficial properties of the basil samples have not deteriorated. These improved results are due to resistance of the basil plant to survive on adverse conditions.BAP (The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ordu University) [AR-1638]This work was supported by BAP (AR-1638). (The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Ordu University)

Dynamic Digital Twin: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prediction, and Prevention of Disease During the Life Course

A digital twin (DT), originally defined as a virtual representation of a physical asset, system, or process, is a new concept in health care. A DT in health care is not a single technology but a domain-adapted multimodal modeling approach incorporating the acquisition, management, analysis, prediction, and interpretation of data, aiming to improve medical decision-making. However, there are many challenges and barriers that must be overcome before a DT can be used in health care. In this viewpoint paper, we build on the current literature, address these challenges, and describe a dynamic DT in health care for optimizing individual patient health care journeys, specifically for women at risk for cardiovascular complications in the preconception and pregnancy periods and across the life course. We describe how we can commit multiple domains to developing this DT. With our cross-domain definition of the DT, we aim to define future goals, trade-offs, and methods that will guide the development of the dynamic DT and implementation strategies in health care

Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Aged Below 18 Years during 2013-2015 in Northwest Turkey

Objective: To assess the incidence of type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children under 18 years of age in the northwest region of Turkey during 2013-2015

Incidence of Type 1 diabetes in children aged below 18 years during 2013-2015 in Northwest Turkey

Azizoglu, Mehmet (Trakya author) Dilek, Emine (Trakya author)Objective: To assess the incidence of type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children under 18 years of age in the northwest region of Turkey during 2013-2015. Methods: All newly diagnosed T1DM cases were recorded prospectively during 2013-2015. Total, as well as gender and age group specific (0-4, 5-9. 10-14 and 15-17 age) mean incidences per 100,000 per year were calculated. Results: There were 1,773 patients diagnosed during 2013-2015 (588 cases in 2013, 592 cases in 2014, 593 cases in 2015). Of these, 862 (48.6 %) were girls and 911 (51.4%)were boys. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 +/- 4.2 years and it was not significantly different between girls (9.0 +/- 4.1 years) and boys (9.4 +/- 4.4 years) (p = 0.052). The crude mean incidence was 8.99/100.000 confidence interval (CI) (95% CI: 8.58-9.42). Although mean incidence was similar between boys [8.98/100.000 (CI: 8.40 to 9.58)] and girls [9.01/100.000 (CI: 8.42 to 9.63)], there was male predominance in all groups except for 5-9 year age group. The standardized mean incidence was 9.02/100.000 according to the World Health Organization standard population. The mean incidence for the 0-4, 5-9, 10-14 and 15-17 age groups was 6.13, 11.68, 11.7 and 5.04/1 00.000 respectively. The incidence of T1DM was similar over the course of three years (p = 0.95). A significant increase in the proportion of cases diagnosed was observed in the autumn-winter seasons. Conclusion: The northwest region of Turkey experienced an intermediate incidence of T1DM over the period of the study