Yeşil kimya ile iletken polimer sentezi ve elektrokromik özellikleri

Thanks to their interesting optical and electrical properties, conductive polymers are one of the materials to have highest potential utility in technological applications. But theirs usage in practical applications are limited due to poor solubility, cannot be easily processed and lack of good mechanical strength and stability. In this work synthesis of conductive polymer was achieved in environmentally friendly aqueous dispersion of polystyrene sulfonic acid instead of harmful organic solvent (dichloromethane, acetonitrile, chloroform,). Thus, a water-insoluble monomer was polymerized in an aqueous medium instead of organic solvents which are harmful to environment and human health. Also, conductive polymer obtained in aqueous medium has superior optical and electrical properties than the conductive polymer obtained in the presence of organic solvents. This paper has been shown that other conductive polymers synthesized in hazardous organic solvents can be synthesized in aqueous media with superior optic and electrical properties which is important for the technological application

The standard of knowledge for cesarean section in women who applied to family medicine: Two centered cross-sectional study

Purpose: We aimed to examine, mothers' level of knowledge about complications of cesarean section and the factors that influence preference for cesarean section in this study Methods: The universe of the study consisted of the women who admitted to the family medicine outdoor clinics in two different regions of Turkey namely Doğansehir State Hospital, Malatya and Kadışehri Entegrated State Hospital, Yozgat. Two hundred and one women included in the study who recruited the family medicine outdoor clinic irrespective of their primary complaint. The data was analyzed by the SPSS program. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in terms of caesarean section operation rates in high school graduates. 29% of all the participants in this study had caesarean section operation in their first delivery. Conclusion: Personal predilections appear to be an influencing factor in deciding the type of the delivery currently. It is assumed that knowledge may be converted into the behaviors by giving the evidence based information to our patients in consistence with their perceptions along with the shared decision model in a collaborative manner

Quantum optical coherence can survive photon losses: a continuous-variable quantum erasure correcting code

A fundamental requirement for enabling fault-tolerant quantum information processing is an efficient quantum error-correcting code (QECC) that robustly protects the involved fragile quantum states from their environment. Just as classical error-correcting codes are indispensible in today's information technologies, it is believed that QECC will play a similarly crucial role in tomorrow's quantum information systems. Here, we report on the first experimental demonstration of a quantum erasure-correcting code that overcomes the devastating effect of photon losses. Whereas {\it errors} translate, in an information theoretic language, the noise affecting a transmission line, {\it erasures} correspond to the in-line probabilistic loss of photons. Our quantum code protects a four-mode entangled mesoscopic state of light against erasures, and its associated encoding and decoding operations only require linear optics and Gaussian resources. Since in-line attenuation is generally the strongest limitation to quantum communication, much more than noise, such an erasure-correcting code provides a new tool for establishing quantum optical coherence over longer distances. We investigate two approaches for circumventing in-line losses using this code, and demonstrate that both approaches exhibit transmission fidelities beyond what is possible by classical means.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

An interesting journey of an ingested needle: a case report and review of the literature on extra-abdominal migration of ingested Foreign bodies

Swallowed foreign bodies encounter a major problem especially in children, but fortunately they mostly do not cause any related complication and are easily passed with the stool. In this paper, an interesting journey of a needle is presented. A 20-year old female admitted to our emergency service after she had swallowed a sewing machine needle, which is initially observed in the stomach in the plain abdominal radiography. During the follow-up period, the needle traveled through bowels, and surprisingly was observed in the left lung on 10th day of the follow-up. It was removed with a thoracotomy and pneumotomy under the fluoroscopic guidance. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged from the hospital on the day 5. We also review the literature on interesting extra-abdominal migrations of swallowing foreign bodies

The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.Fil: Abdurro'Uf, null. Academia Sinica, Institute Of Astronomy And Astrophysics; ChinaFil: Accetta, Katherine. Prynceton University, ; Estados UnidosFil: Aerts, Conny. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaFil: Silva Aguirre, Víctor. Aarhus University. Department of Bioscience; DinamarcaFil: Ahumada, Romina. Universidad Católica del Norte; ChileFil: Ajgaonkar, Nikhil. University of Kentucky; Estados UnidosFil: Filiz Ak, N.. Erciyes University; TurquíaFil: Alam, Shadab. University of Edinburgh; Reino UnidoFil: Allende Prieto, Carlos. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife; EspañaFil: Almeida, Andrés. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Anders, Friedrich. Leibniz-Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam; AlemaniaFil: Anderson, Scott F.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Andrews, Brett H.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Anguiano, Borja. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Aquino Ortiz, Erik. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Aragón Salamanca, Alfonso. University of Nottingham; Estados UnidosFil: Argudo Fernández, Maria. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Ata, Metin. University of Tokyo; JapónFil: Aubert, Marie. Aix Marseille Université; FranciaFil: Avila Reese, Vladimir. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Badenes, Carles. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Barbá, Rodolfo. Universidad de La Serena; ChileFil: Barger, Kat. Texas Christian University; Estados UnidosFil: Barrera Ballesteros, Jorge K,. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Beaton, Rachael L.. Princeton University; Estados UnidosFil: Beers, Timothy C.. University of Notre Dame; Estados UnidosFil: Belfiore, Francesco. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; ItaliaFil: Bender, Chad F.. University of Arizona; Estados UnidosFil: Bernardi, Mariangela. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Bershady, Matthew A.. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Monachesi, Antonela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina. Universidad de La Serena; ChileFil: Padilla, Nelson David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentin

Current barriers and recommendations on the diagnosis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: a Delphi study

ObjectivesThis study has been conducted to investigate the non-invasive diagnostic journey of patients with a transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (aTTR-CM) in Turkey, identify the challenges and uncertainties encountered on the path to diagnosis from the perspectives of expert physicians, and develop recommendations that can be applied in such cases.MethodsThis study employed a three-round modified Delphi method and included 10 cardiologists and five nuclear medicine specialists. Two hematologists also shared their expert opinions on the survey results related to hematological tests during a final face-to-face discussion. A consensus was reached when 80% or more of the panel members marked the “agree/strongly agree” or “disagree/strongly disagree” option.ResultsThe panelists unanimously agreed that the aTTR-CM diagnosis could be established through scintigraphy (using either 99mTc-PYP, 99mTc-DPD, or 99mTc-HMPD) in a patient with suspected cardiac amyloidosis (CA) without a further investigation if AL amyloidosis is ruled out (by sFLC, SPIE and UPIE). In addition, scintigraphy imaging performed by SPECT or SPECT-CT should reveal a myocardial uptake of Grade ≥2 with a heart-to-contralateral (H/CL) ratio of ≥1.5. The cardiology panelists recommended using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and a detailed echocardiographic scoring as a last resort before considering an endomyocardial biopsy in patients with suspected CA whose scintigraphy results were discordant/inconclusive or negative but still carried a high clinical suspicion of aTTR-CM.ConclusionThe diagnostic approach for aTTR-CM should be customized based on the availability of diagnostic tools/methods in each expert clinic to achieve a timely and definitive diagnosis

Antiangiogenic Activity of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose

During tumor angiogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs) are engaged in a number of energy consuming biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, and capillary formation. Since glucose uptake and metabolism are increased to meet this energy need, the effects of the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis were investigated.In cell culture, 2-DG inhibited EC growth, induced cytotoxicity, blocked migration, and inhibited actively forming but not established endothelial capillaries. Surprisingly, 2-DG was a better inhibitor of these EC properties than two more efficacious glycolytic inhibitors, 2-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose and oxamate. As an alternative to a glycolytic inhibitory mechanism, we considered 2-DG's ability to interfere with endothelial N-linked glycosylation. 2-DG's effects were reversed by mannose, an N-linked glycosylation precursor, and at relevant concentrations 2-DG also inhibited synthesis of the lipid linked oligosaccharide (LLO) N-glycosylation donor in a mannose-reversible manner. Inhibition of LLO synthesis activated the unfolded protein response (UPR), which resulted in induction of GADD153/CHOP and EC apoptosis (TUNEL assay). Thus, 2-DG's effects on ECs appeared primarily due to inhibition of LLOs synthesis, not glycolysis. 2-DG was then evaluated in two mouse models, inhibiting angiogenesis in both the matrigel plug assay and the LH(BETA)T(AG) transgenic retinoblastoma model.In conclusion, 2-DG inhibits endothelial cell angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, at concentrations below those affecting tumor cells directly, most likely by interfering with N-linked glycosylation rather than glycolysis. Our data underscore the importance of glucose metabolism on neovascularization, and demonstrate a novel approach for anti-angiogenic strategies