32 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Culpabilización a las víctimas de delitos: alcance y factores asociados
There are currently few studies that have analyzed attitudes towards victims of crime, especially in Spain. With the purpose of contributing to this area of research, this work seeks to explore the main causal attributions for victimization and to examine the influence of victimization experiences and gender on the tendency to blame victims. To do this we employed a sample composed of 2,112 university students (63.6% women and 36.4% men). The data was collected through an online survey from November 7 to 20, 2017. The results showed that men blamed victims more than women did. In addition, controlling for the effect of gender, it was found that respondents who had been victimized were less likely to blame victims. The results and their implications are discussed
Recommended from our members
La situación de las prisiones y los centros de menores en España: Analizando las observaciones del CPT
El Comité Europeo para la Prevención de la Tortura (CPT) se encarga de evaluar el trato que reciben las personas privadas de libertad en los 47 Estados miembros del Consejo de Europa. Para ello, visita lugares de detención, emite informes donde plasma sus conclusiones y solicita respuestas detalladas de los Estados. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de contenido del informe elaborado por este organismo como resultado de su visita a España (2016) y de la respuesta emitida por las autoridades españolas. En concreto, se describen y agrupan temáticamente las carencias identificadas en los centros penitenciarios de adultos y en los centros de menores y se evalúa el grado de aceptación de las recomendaciones. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados y sus implicaciones
Recommended from our members
Understanding new actors in European Arrest Warrant cases concerning detention conditions: The role, powers and functions of prison inspection and monitoring bodies
Prison inspection and monitoring bodies are becoming central players in European Arrest Warrant (EAW) decision-making. These bodies write reports on prison conditions and examine their compliance with fundamental rights. Now that poor prison conditions can be a basis to refuse an EAW’s execution, these bodies are becoming increasingly important actors in EAW decision-making process. While this is so, there is a remarkable lack of analysis on the legal structures and activities of such bodies. This article addresses this absence by presenting findings from the first European Union (EU)-wide study of prison inspection and monitoring bodies, providing new insights into the nature of these bodies. It provides both empirical insights into these structures for overseeing detention conditions and doctrinal analysis. It assesses the implications of an increased role for such bodies in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
Recommended from our members
Mode and web panel experiments in the European Social Survey – lessons for EU-SILC
Recommended from our members
¿Persisten las actitudes sexistas en los estudiantes universitarios? Un análisis de su prevalencia, predictores y diferencias de género
Las actitudes sexistas constituyen el eje fundamental sobre el que se construyen y mantienen relaciones de desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres. En la actualidad, y a pesar de que en los países occidentales el sexismo se manifiesta de formas más sutiles, está constatado que parte de la ciudadanía continúa teniendo creencias sexistas. El presente trabajo responde al propósito de analizar, desde una perspectiva de género, el efecto de una serie de características personales en la predicción de creencias sexistas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios en España (N = 2.112; 63,6% mujeres y 36,4% hombres). Para evaluar el grado de sexismo se empleó la versión reducida de la Escala de Sexismo Ambivalente (ASI, Expósito, Moya, & Glick, 1998), cuyas puntuaciones más altas representan mayores niveles de sexismo (α = ,88). Como variables explicativas se incluyeron la edad, la ideología política, la nacionalidad, la adscripción religiosa, la orientación sexual, las experiencias de victimización y el consumo mediático. Los resultados mostraron que los hombres puntuaron significativamente más alto que las mujeres en la escala de sexismo ambivalente. Además, se encontraron puntuaciones más elevadas para los hombres tanto en las subescalas de sexismo hostil como benevolente. Por otro lado, los resultados mostraron que la ideología más conservadora y ser creyente predicen actitudes más sexistas tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Sin embargo, se encontró que el efecto de la edad, la ideología política y la orientación sexual dependen del sexo de los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos pretenden contribuir al desarrollo de programas educativos dirigidos a jóvenes, facilitando la identificación de grupos especialmente vulnerables y áreas que requieren mayor atención
Recommended from our members
Tipologías basadas en la adhesión a los mitos sobre la violencia de género: Evidencias de un análisis de clases latentes
Los mitos sobre la violencia de género favorecen la persistencia del maltrato al actuar como elementos justificativos de las agresiones. El presente trabajo contribuye a la escasa evidencia acumulada al emplear un análisis de clases latentes (ACL) para estudiar tipologías de personas basadas en la adhesión a diez mitos y creencias sobre la violencia de género y examinar las características que definen a cada una de las clases. Para ello, se contó con una muestra compuesta por 1.007 personas (51,1 % mujeres y 48,9 % hombres; M = 45,37 años). Los resultados muestran un patrón de tres clases latentes: adhesión baja (n = 663; 65,8 %), adhesión moderada (n = 113; 11,2 %) y adhesión alta (n = 231; 22,9 %). Los grupos presentan diferencias cuantitativas y cualitativas en su composición y la pertenencia a las clases con mayor aceptación de mitos se relaciona con actitudes más sexistas
Recommended from our members
The European committee for the prevention of torture and the gendered experience of imprisonment
The European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) is a supranational prison oversight body tasked with carrying out visits to places of detention across Europe. Prisons fall within the remit of the CPT, and much like prisons themselves, CPT prison visits tend to focus on the male experience of imprisonment. However, the experience of imprisonment is inherently gendered and, as such, the experiences, treatment and needs of cisgender men do not necessarily represent those of cisgender women and transgender people in prison. Therefore, it follows that a different approach is also required when it comes to prison monitoring activities carried out by the CPT. This paper introduces CPT standards and the international legal framework on gender and imprisonment. It reflects on analysis of three years of CPT reporting to explore how the CPT considers the gendered experience of imprisonment. To this end, the paper considers the potential impact of the gender composition of CPT delegations, as well as provides a descriptive content analysis of CPT reports to determine how the CPT accounts for gender-specific treatment and conditions in prison. This paper poses questions and provides suggestions around how gender can be made more central across all human rights monitoring bodies operating in the penal field, both internationally and domestically
Recommended from our members
The Devil Is in the Details: A Randomized Experiment Assessing the Effect of Providing Examples in a Survey Question across Countries
Despite the widespread use of examples in survey questions, very few studies have examined their impact on survey responses, and the evidence is mainly based on data collected in the United States using questionnaires in English. This study builds on previous research by examining the effects of providing examples using data from a cross-national probability-based web panel implemented in Estonia (n = 730), Great Britain (n = 685), and Slovenia (n = 529) during Round 8 of the European Social Survey (2017/18). Respondents were randomly assigned a survey question measuring confidence in social media using Facebook and Twitter as examples, or another condition in which no examples were offered. The results show that confidence in social media was significantly lower in the example condition, although the effect size was small. Confidence in social media varied across countries, and the effect of providing examples was heterogeneous across countries and education levels. The implications of these findings are discussed
Recommended from our members
Towards a typology of prisoners' awareness of and familiarity with prison inspection and monitoring bodies
Inspection and monitoring bodies have an important role in the protection of prisoners’ rights. Although these bodies are seen as widely beneficial, there is limited research examining their operations in practice. This study addresses this gap in the existing literature by identifying unique profiles of prisoners based on their familiarity with prison oversight bodies. In addition, the relationship between profiles and key factors (personal characteristics, sentence-related variables and those related to life in prison) was examined using multinomial regression. Participants were 508 males randomly selected from three prisons in Ireland. Data were collected between November 2018 and February 2019, using self-administered surveys. Latent class analysis revealed four subgroups of prisoners characterized by distinct patterns of awareness and contact with prison oversight bodies: (1) Low familiarity (44.1 percent); (2) High awareness with low contact (26.4 percent); (3) High familiarity with the Visiting Committees but low with other oversight bodies (14.2 percent); and (4) High familiarity (15.4 percent). Notably, the largest group was the low familiarity group, and few prisoners belonged to the high familiarity group. Nationality, sentence length, confidence in staff and complaint usage were linked to class membership. The results of this study point to the importance of increasing awareness of inspection and monitoring bodies among prisoners in general, and among certain groups in particular
Recommended from our members
Letting the cat out of the bag: The impact of respondent multitasking on disclosure of socially undesirable information and answers to knowledge questions
Previous research shows that a high proportion of respondents engage in other activities while answering surveys. In this study, we examine the effect of multitasking in reporting sensitive information and socially undesirable behavior (e.g., substance use, mental health, gambling) along with reporting of knowledge/awareness of publicly funded programs. The dataset comes from a dual-frame random digit dial telephone survey of adults in a Midwestern state (N = 1,761) who were asked about their attitudes and behaviors toward gambling and health-related behaviors. The results of the study reveal that nearly half of the respondents engaged in multitasking activities (46.9%). In addition, it was found that multitaskers disclosed more socially undesirable information and reported lower levels of knowledge than non-multitaskers. The implications of these findings and how they fit in with previous work are discussed