Donostiako Ospitale Unibertsitarioko larrialdi zerbitzuen azterketa. Erabiltzaile mota, arrisku faktoreak eta ondorio kaltegarriak

[EUS] Helburua: 2017. urteko Donostiako Ospitale Unibertsitarioko larrialdi zerbitzuen azterketa egitea, erabilera, paziente mota eta ondorio kaltegarriak ikertuz hobekuntza alderdiak identifikatzeko. Metodoa: 2017 urteko datu basea anonimizatuta eskuratu zen eta IBM SPSS programa estatistikoaren bidez egin ziren analisi estatistikoak. Emaitzak: larrialdi zerbitzuen erabilera orokorrak gora egin du; gehienak zuzenean ospitalean eta lehentasunik ez duten gertakari asko artatzen direlarik. Pazienteak orokorrean gazteak dira, %30ak urte berean behin baino gehiagotan bisitatu ditu larrialdiak baina hala ere, ohiko erabiltzaileek larrialdi kasuen %5a soilik osatzen dute Eragin kaltegarriak jasateko arrisku faktore kontsidera daitezke, adina, ohiko erabiltzailea eta paziente pluripatologiko izatea. Ondorioa: Osasun zerbitzu ezberdinen eskuragarritasunak eragin handia larrialdi zerbitzuen erabileran. Arrisku taldearen definizio estandar bat behar da ondorio kaltegarriak murriztea errazagoa izan dadin. Erabileraren hobekuntza lortzeko orain arte hainbeste landu ez diren erabiltzaile puntualetan oinarrituriko protokoloak, populazioaren osasun edukazioa eta alternatiben jakitun izatea bultzatzea interesgarria litzateke

Mecanismos moleculares implicados en la potenciación de canales de potasio KCNQ2/3

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia. Fecha de lectura: 26 de Junio de 2006

INCIDENCIA DE LA GRI-2002 EN LAS EMISIONES DE MEMORIAS SOSTENIBLES DE EMPRESAS ESPAÑOLAS

En la sociedad actual tanto los temas ecológicos como sociales son cada día más importantes. La opinión pública cada día está más sensibilizada, y esta mayor sensibilización ha impulsado un cambio en el gobierno de las sociedades. En este contexto de cambio pretendemos analizar como se pretende dar respuesta a estas nuevas necesidades que el usuario requiere de la contabilidad. En concreto pretendemos estudiar el caso de las memorias de sostenibilidad. Para abordar este objetivo nuestro trabajo tiene dos partes descriptivas: una revisión sobre los diferentes enfoques adoptados por organismos internacionales, públicos y privados y una incidencia del GRI a la hora de publicar memorias de sostenibilidad a nivel mundial, con especial hincapié en el caso español Abstract In our society the ecological and the social topics are becoming more important every day. The public opinion is more sensitive, and this bigger sensitization has impelled a change in the government of the societies. In this context of change we aim to analyze the different ways that have been implement to answer these new necessities that the user requires to the accounting. In short we seek to study the case of the sustainability reporting practices. To approach our objective work we are going to abide two descriptive parts: in the first one we carry out a revision on the different focuses adopted by international publics and private organisms and in the second part we will analyze the incidence of the proposal of the GRI regarding the number of reports disclosures at world level, although we will make special appoint in the Spanish cas

Ordenagailu bidezko ikaskuntza: IKASYS Proiektuaren Ebaluazioa

IKASYS is a system consisting of hardware, software, strategies and curricular content created by the Basque Country Federation of Ikastolas (Basque schools) for pupils to acquire knowledge using a PC. In the 2008/09 academic year the IKASYS project was launched in an experimental manner in 19 schools in the Basque Country. The goal being to apply the project to all the other schools within the Federation, a team of researchers at the University of the Basque Country was commissioned to evaluate this pilot project. In this article, besides explaining its content, the basic tenets and procedures of the IKASYS project as well as the methodology used for its evaluation are described. The system of methodological complementariness, integrating quantitative and qualitative procedures, was opted for. Finally, the results obtained from the project and the general conclusions drawn —in general positive— are outlined.IKASYS es un sistema compuesto por Hardware, Software y estrategias y contenidos curriculares creados por la Federación de Ikastolas del País Vasco para que el alumno aprenda a través del ordenador. Durante el curso 2008/09 se puso en marcha de manera experimental el Proyecto IKASYS en 19 centros escolares del País Vasco. Dado que en un futuro se pretendía extender este proyecto al resto de centros escolares pertenecientes a la citada Federación se encargó a un grupo de investigadores de la Universidad del País Vasco la evaluación de la implementación experimental del mismo. En el presente artículo, además de explicar los contenidos, los fundamentos y procedimientos del Proyecto IKASYS, se detalla la metodología utilizada en su evaluación. En este caso se ha optado por la complementariedad metodológica integrando procedimientos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Por último se señalan los resultados obtenidos, en general positivos, con respecto al Proyecto y las conclusiones generales. 

Bizilagun Sarea: La Sistematización de Redes en el Programa Etorkizuna Eraikiz

Gipuzkoa’s model of Social Services has historically been defined by a strong and close bond between the public sector and the Third Sector. However, the aging of the population, the economic crisis and the pressure to which the Welfare State is been subjected are making inevitable a re-configuration of the welfare system. In this sense, special focus has been paid to different non-profit initiatives that defend the important role of community on the process of social policies development. This study presents five different initiatives that are being carried out in Gipuzkoa in order to promote new forms of neighbourhood solidarity and community volunteering on different spheres such as the elderly and people at risk of exclusion. In this sense, the main aim of the study is to measure their impact on society and to identify key factors that lead to their effectiveness

Zibererasoetatik babesteko, hacking etikoaren balioa

2020an, teknologiak bultzatutako gizarte batean bizi gara, eta datuak komunikatzeko sistemak funtsezkoak bihurtu dira gure eguneroko bizitzaren alderdi guztietan. Covid19-k erakutsi digu ezagutzen ez dugunak eszenatoki eta bizimodu berrietara eraman gaitzakeela, duela hilabete batzuk imajinatu ere ezin genituen lekuetara. Gaur egun, pertsonen, enpresen eta erakundeen arteko harremanak inoiz baino gehiago oinarritzen dira telekomunikazio-sareetan, eta, beraz, zibersegurtasun sofistikatuaren beharra oso garrantzitsua bihurtzen ari da gero eta handiagoak diren zibererasoetatik babesteko. Enpresak eta erakundeak diru kopuru handiak inbertitzen ari dira beren segurtasun zibernetikoan. Egoera horretan, hacking etikoa ohiko tresna bihurtu da behar den segurtasun-maila zehazteko. Hacking etikoaren helburua da sare informatikoetan ahuleziak eta kalteberatasunak aurkitzea, hackerrek sareetan sartzeko eta softwarearen ahuleziak azaltzeko erabiltzen dituzten ezagutza eta tresna berberak erabiliz. Dibulgazio-artikulu honek hacking etikoa zer den, zer onura dituen eta zergatik den beharrezkoa azaltzen du. Hacking etikoari buruzko artearen egoera bat aurkezten du, eta erakusten du enpresek eta erakundeek nola inplementa lezaketen hacking etikoa, sarbide-testetan (Penetration Testing Execution Standard, PTES) oinarritutako metodologia erabiliz.; In 2020, we are living in a technology driven society where data communication systems have become essential in all aspects of our daily life. Covid19 has shown us that the unknown can take us to new scenarios and ways of life that we could not even imagine months ago. Nowadays, relationships between people, companies, and institutions are based more than ever, on telecommunication networks and thus the need for sophisticated cybersecurity is becoming extremely important to protect us from ever-increasing cyber-attacks. Companies and institutions are investing substantial amounts of money in their own cybersecurity. In this scenario, ethical hacking has become a frequent tool to determine the needed security-level. Ethical hacking aims to find weaknesses and vulnerabilities in computer networks, using the same knowledge and tools that hackers use to penetrate networks and expose software vulnerabilities. This disclosure article describes what ethical hacking is, its benefits and why it is needed. It presents a state of the art about ethical hacking and shows how companies and institutions could implement ethical hacking using a methodology based on Penetration Tests (Penetration Testing Execution Standard, PTES)

Low Serum Klotho Concentration is Associated with Worse Cognition, Psychological Components of Frailty, Dependence, and Falls in Nursing Home Residents

Serum alpha-klotho (s-klotho) protein has been linked with lifespan, and low concentrations of s-klotho have been associated with worse physical and cognitive outcomes. Although its significance in aging remains unclear, s-klotho has been proposed as a molecular biomarker of frailty and dependence. This study is a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial performed in a population of 103 older individuals living in 10 nursing homes in Gipuzkoa (Spain). We aimed to elucidate associations between s-klotho (as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and body composition, physical fitness, and cognition, as well as frailty and dependence (determined using validated tests and scales). In addition, we investigated the association of s-klotho concentration with falls in the six months following the initial assessment. Low s-klotho levels were associated with a lower score in the psychological component of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, a worse score in the Coding Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and a greater dependence in activities of daily living. Moreover, participants with lower s-klotho concentrations suffered more falls during the 6 months after the assessment. Future translational research should aim to validate klotho's putative role as a biomarker that could identify the risk of aging-related adverse events in clinical practice.This work was supported by grants from the Basque government (ELKARTEK15/39, ELKARTEK16/57, ELKARTEK17/61, RIS16/07, SAN17/11), the Euskampus Fundazioa Foundation, and the Convention between UPV/EHU and the Gipuzkoa Provincial Council (Gipuzkoa Eraikiz). Haritz Arrieta and Chloe Rezola were supported by two fellowships from the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU

High serum angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity as a biomarker of frailty in nursing home residents

[EN]Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are two of the main components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Imbalanced RAS showing lower ACE2 has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk, muscular pathologies, sarcopenia, frailty, other age-related pathologies and a poorer health status. However, its role in aging remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze the serum enzymatic activity of ACE and ACE2, the ACE/ACE2 ratio and its association with anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, physical function, dependence and frailty in older people living in nursing homes. This study is a secondary analysis of baseline data from two randomized clinical trials in a population of 228 older individuals living in nursing homes (Spain). Serum ACE and ACE2 enzymatic activities were measured by fluorimetry. Variables linked to cardiovascular risk, physical function, dependence and frailty were measured using validated tests, indexes and scales. Association between ACE, ACE2 serum activities, the ACE/ACE2 ratio and the rest of the quantitative variables were assessed by Pearson's correlations and by partial correlations controlled by age and sex. The association between serum ACE and ACE2 activities, the ACE/ACE2 ratio and frailty scores was analyzed by generalized linear models with and without controlling for sex and age. Differences in enzymatic activities between sexes and between frail and non-frail individuals were analyzed using Student's t-test and general linear models to control analysis by age and sex. We found that higher serum ACE2 activity was associated with a higher body mass index, worse physical function, greater dependence and increased frailty. This association is consistent with the elevation of circulating ACE2 in certain pathological conditions and in line with RAS deregulation in muscular dystrophies. Serum ACE2 activity, in combination with other molecules, could be proposed as a biomarker of poor physical function, higher dependence and frailty.This work was supported by grants from the Basque government (ELKARTEK19/78, SAN20/12) , and the University of the Basque Country (GIU17/19, GIU20/006) . Haritz Arrieta and Chloe Rezola were supported by two fellowships from the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) . Open Access funding provided by University of Basque Country. The sponsors did not have a role in the design of the study, nor in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, nor in writing the manuscript

Stage-Specific Deletion of Olig2 Conveys Opposing Functions on Differentiation and Maturation of Oligodendrocytes

The temporal and spatial patterning involved in the specification, differentiation, and myelination by oligodendroglia is coordinated in part by the activation and repression of various transcriptional programs. Olig2 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor necessary for oligodendroglial development and expressed continuously throughout the lineage. Despite evidence for the critical role of Olig2 in oligodendroglial specification and differentiation, the function for Olig2 during later stages of oligodendroglial development, namely, the transition into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) and the formation of the myelin sheath, remains unclear. To address the possibility for a stage-specific role, we deleted Olig2 in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) under the control of the CNPase-promoter or in immature OLs under the inducible proteolipid protein promoter. As expected, ablation of Olig2 in OPCs significantly inhibits differentiation, resulting in hypomyelination. However, deletion of the Olig2 gene in immature OLs significantly enhances the maturation process and accelerates the kinetics of myelination/remyelination. Underlying the stage-specific roles for Olig2 is the compensatory expression and function of Olig1, a transcription factor that promotes OL maturation and (re)myelination. Olig1 expression is significantly reduced upon Olig2 deletion in OPCs but is dramatically increased by nearly threefold when deleted in immature OLs. By enforcing expression of Olig1 into OPCs in a null Olig2 background, we demonstrate that overexpression of Olig1 is sufficient to rescue the differentiation phenotype and partially compensates for the Olig2 deletion in vitro. Our results suggest a stage-specific regulatory role for Olig2, mediated by Olig1 that conveys opposing functions on the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocytes

Kv7 Channels Can Function without Constitutive Calmodulin Tethering

M-channels are voltage-gated potassium channels composed of Kv7.2-7.5 subunits that serve as important regulators of neuronal excitability. Calmodulin binding is required for Kv7 channel function and mutations in Kv7.2 that disrupt calmodulin binding cause Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions (BFNC), a dominantly inherited human epilepsy. On the basis that Kv7.2 mutants deficient in calmodulin binding are not functional, calmodulin has been defined as an auxiliary subunit of Kv7 channels. However, we have identified a presumably phosphomimetic mutation S511D that permits calmodulin-independent function. Thus, our data reveal that constitutive tethering of calmodulin is not required for Kv7 channel function