Le problème de la circulation et du stationnement dans le centre ville de Constantine

Le déplacement des personnes et des véhicules constitue aujourd'hui un problème majeur dans la ville de Constantine. Réduire l'intensité que vit cette ville est loin d'être une affaire simple.Ce travail qui se rapporte à des enjeux urbains (réseau routier, circulation) et des actions d'approche liées aux déplacements (stationnement), révèle la situation d'un centre-ville complètement dépassée : circulation insupportable et réseau routier, actuellement inapte à faire face au développement de circulation routière. Répondre aux besoins du réseau routier actuel et satisfaire, même, les besoins des habitants, signifie organisation routière qui doit se référer aux logiques sociales et économiques : faciliter les mouvements de personnes, de biens, et limiter les conséquences négatives de transport sur l'environnement ; c'est là où vient s'inscrire ce travail.Mots-clés: Constantine, Centre-ville,, Circulation, Réseau routier,, StationnementEnglish Title: The traffic and parking problem in Constantine city centerEnglish AbstractThe people and vehicles movement is now a major problem in the city of Constantine. Reducing the intensity experienced by this city is far from being a simple matter.This work relates to urban issues (roads, traffic) and approaches actions related to travel (parking), reveals the situation of a completely overwhelmed city with an intolerable traffic and road network urban, currently unable to cope with the road traffic development.Needs of the existing road network and meet even the needs of residents, which means roads organization, should refer to the social and economic logic: to facilitate the movement of people, goods, information and limit the transport negative impacts on the environment is where the work is inserted.Keywords: Constantine, Downtown,, Traffic, Road network, Parkin

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Students' Learning Behavior.: The Case of Master 1 EFL Students- University of Saida - ALGERIA

The current study investigates the impact of covid-19 epidemic on the learning behavior of Master1 EFL students –University of Saida - Algeria. To fulfill the study's objectives, a mixed method approach encompassing both quantitative and qualitative methods was used to compile, analyze and interpret data. Two research tools, a questionnaire and an interview were delivered to the students and teachers respectively at the Department of English – University of Saida - Algeria. In the light of the obtained results, students were reported to hold negative attitudes towards COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in a lot of psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and lack of motivation. From a cognitive perspective, the study revealed that the negative impact of the pandemic is related to students’ cognitive learning styles such as the challenges that EFL field-dependent learners face when studying online .Conversely, COVID-19 outbreak had a positive cognitive influence on field-independent learners in relation to online learning

Polymer nanocomposites from the flame retardancy viewpoint: A comprehensive classification of nanoparticle performance using the flame retardancy index

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