MESI protocol for multicore processors based on FPGA

In modern techniques of building processors, manufactures using more than one processor in the integrated circuit (chip) and each processor called a core. The new chips of processors called a multi-core processor. This new design makes the processors to work simultaneously for more than one task or all the cores working in parallel for the same task. All cores are similar in their design, and each core has its own cache memory, while all cores shares the same main memory. So, if one core requests a block of data from main memory to its cache, there should be a protocol to declare the situation of this block in the main memory and other cores. This is called the cache coherency or cache consistency of multi-core. In this paper a special circuit is designed using VHDL coding and implemented using ISE Xilinx software, one protocol was used in this design, the MESI (Modify, Exclusive, Shared and Invalid) protocol. Test results were taken by using test bench, and showed all the states of the protocols are working correctly

Recycling of Waste Glass in Concrete as Partial Replacement of Cement or Fine Aggregate

في هذا البحث، تم استخدام خليط الزجاج المعاد تدويره، والذي يحتوي على نسبة عالية من SiO2 (ثاني أكسيد السيليكون) ، لإنتاج الخرسانة الخضراء ذات الخصائص الرائعة. تم استخدام مخلفات الزجاج كإسمنت أو استبدال جزئي للركام الناعم بمحتوى مختلف (5٪ ، 10٪ ، 15٪ و 20٪) من وزن الأسمنت أو الركام الناعم. تم قياس مقاومة الانضغاط لثلاثة اعمار (7 ، 14 ، 28) يوما والهطول لكل خلطة خرسانية. أوضحت النتائج أن مقاومة الانضغاط المسجلة تزداد مع محتوى الزجاج بنسبة تصل إلى 10٪ ثم تنخفض عند استخدام الزجاج كبديل للأسمنت، بينما عند استخدام الزجاج كبديل للركام الناعم، تنخفض مقاومة الانضغاط في البداية ثم تزداد مع محتوى الزجاج. أظهرت نتائج اختبار الهطول أن قابلية تشغيل الخرسانة تزداد مع زيادة محتوى الزجاج سواء كان مسحوق الزجاج المستخدم كبديل للإسمنت أو بديل للركام الناعم.In this paper, mixing of the recycled glass, which possesses a high SiO2 (silicon dioxide) percentage, was utilized to produce a green concrete with remarkable properties. Waste glasses were utilized as cement or fine aggregate partial replacement with various contents (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) via the weight of cement or fine aggregate. The compressive strength for three ages (7, 14, and 28) days and slump was measured for each concrete mix. Results evinced that the recorded compressive strength increased with the glass content up to10% and then decreased when using glass as replacement of cement, while when using glass as replacement for fine aggregate, the compressive strength decreased initially and then increased with the content of glass. The results of slump test manifested that the concrete workability increased with the content of glass whether the powder of glass employed as cement or fine aggregate replacement

Self-advocacy among university students

The current research aims to know: Self-advocacy among university students. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the two researchers chose the research sample from the students of the University of Babylon, according to the simple random method, five colleges, two humanities and three scientific colleges, and applied the Thomson equation to extract the sample size, and the result was that the research sample reached (378) male and female students were distributed according to the method of random stratification with a proportional distribution. The self-advocacy measurement tool and Harris definition (Harris, 2009) and its self-advocacy measurement tool, which consists of (48) items distributed over five domains, were applied to the research sample. On the research sample, and after conducting the statistical analysis and extracting the validity and reliability values of the scale, the research reached the following results: University students have self-advocacy. In light of this, the researchers reached a set of proposals and recommendations

Design and Implementation of Triple Band Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Antenna with Compact Size

This study investigated structure strategies and exploratory scenarios for a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) antenna. The proposed antenna consists of three Hilbert cells, which are simulated by using CST programming. The antenna was manufactured with the realities of minor imperfections and high incorporation. The proposed structure offers a suitable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with about a decrease in size by half. In addition, Hilbert cells were added to realize the triple-band characteristics with good impedance matching, radiation patterns, and radiation performance. The antenna was fabricated on h = 1 mm thick dielectric substrate with dielectric constant ( = 4.3). The Hilbert cells were drilled on the top plane of the antenna substrate and fed using a microstrip transmission line. The proposed antenna is small, with a slot side length of approximately half of the guided wavelength. The three developed Hilbert cell HMSIW antenna resonates at 3.25, 5.94 and 6.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 2.97, 2.25 and 2.29% within a return loss of ‑38.77, ‑35.82 -23.35 dB, respectively. The results showed enhancements in antenna gain of 3.56, 4.97 and 6.43 dBi, with a radiation efficiency of -1.253, -0.493 and -0.586 dB, respectively

COVID-19 Data Warehouse: A Systematic Literature Review

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affects the whole world and led clinicians to use the available knowledge to diagnose or predict the infection. Data Warehouse is one of the most crucial tools that may enhance decision-making (DW).In this paper, three main questions will be investigated according to using DW in the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of using DW in the field of diagnosing and prediction will be investigated, besides, the most used architecture of DW will be explored. The sectors that faced a lot of researchers' attention such as diagnosing, predicting, and finding the correlations among features will be examined. The selected studies are explored where the papers that have been published between 2019-2022 in the digital libraries (ACM, IEEE, Springer, Science Direct, and Elsevier) in the field of DW that handle the COVID-19 are selected. During the research, many limitations have been detected, while some future works are presented. Enterprise DW is the most used architecture for COVID-19 DW while finding correlation among features and prediction are the sectors that had taken the researchers' attentio

Rare Presentation of Wilson Disease in an 11-year-old Sudanese Girl

Background: Wilson disease is an inherited disorder in which excessive amount of copper accumulates in various tissues of the body. Clinical features related to copper deposition in the liver may appear in the first and second decades followed by neurologic and psychiatric thereafter; however, many patients have a combination of these symptoms. Case: We report a case of 11 year-old girl, admitted to Wad Medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital with generalized body swellings for four days. Initial investigations showed proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, thought to be due to nephrotic syndrome. Days later, patient developed jaundice and neuropsychiatric manifestations. A slit lamb examination confirmed the presence of Kayser–Fleischer ring (KF ring) and she scored high in the scoring system for the diagnosis of Wilson disease. Dpenicillamine treatment therapy was started and unfortunately the patient’s clinical condition deteriorated gradually, and eventually went into deep coma and died. Wilson disease mainly affects the liver, but the initial presentation was completely compatible with nephrotic syndrome. Conclusion: Diagnosis of Wilson disease should be suspected in a child presenting with generalized body swellings even in the absence of clinical evidence of hepatic and/or neuropsychiatric involvements

Modification of polyvinyl chloride by organic molecule for the improvement of its thermal stability

Improving the stability of PVC became a task for many research groups to improve its properties and lower plastic pollution. An invented Schiff base was applied as a heat-resistant agent to alter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) behavior under varying temperatures. The efficacy of the Schiff base-treated PVC films in terms of thermal stability was assessed through weight-loss analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, an optical microscope, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The outcomes demonstrated that incorporating the altered PVC extended the polymer's stability duration, consequently lowering its inclination towards degradation. Furthermore, the Schiff base led to a marked decrease in the presence of PVC's conjugated double bonds, consequently reducing weight loss. The enhancement observed can be credited to the Schiff base's strong ability to neutralize HCl and its effectiveness in protecting unstable chlorine atoms within the polymer chains. These alterations, when combined, resulted in a prolonged delay in thermal degradation and alterations in color, affirming the success of the modification method in improving the thermal stability of PVC

Study The Effect of Micro CaCO3 and SiO2 and their Mixture on Properties of High Strength Concrete

This paper investigated the effect of incorporating two types of micro particles micro CaCO3 and micro SiO2 on mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Micro materials were added in four different dosages of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% by weight as partial replacement of cement in concrete mixture. Mechanical properties of hardened concrete (compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength) have been done after 28 days of water curing. In addition, water absorption test was carrying out for obtaining the durability properties of concrete specimen. Binary combination of micro CaCO3 + micro SiO2 were also studied the combined effect of the micro particles. Micro-structural characteristic of modified concrete was done through the scanning electron microscope. The results showed that incorporation of micro CaCO3 and micro SiO2 particles lead to increase the packing and enhance the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. A significant performance was observed in case of micro silica addition to the concrete in comparing with other micro particles

Morphological Aspects of Oxidized Porous Silicon Prepared by Photo Electrochemical Etching

This paper reports morphological properties of porous silicon and oxidizedporous silicon, prepared by photo electrochemical etching from n-type silicon wafers asa function of experimental parameters. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM)Observations of porous silicon layers were obtained before and after rapid thermaloxidation process under different preparation and oxidation conditions .The surfacemorphology, Pore diameter, wall thickness, pore shape and porosity values were,studied based on microstructure analyses of (SEM) images

INVESTIGATING THE ABILITY OF MICROBIAL SOLAR CELL IN ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION

The present study aims to Fabricate a promising Microbial Solar Cell (MSC) for electricity generation using (sludge, wastewater and mixed algae), two single chamber MSCs were applied, firstly the sludge and algae cell (SMSC) was used and factors such as pH, types of light source, temperature, configuration of electrode and mixing ratio have been studied. The best pH, light source, temperature, configuration of electrode, and mixing ratio of the sludge and algae experiment are found to be 7, sun light, 30 oC, square electrode, and 1:1 respectively would be used in the wastewater and algae cell (WWMSC) for finding the most effective substrates for electrical energy generation. By comparing the Voltage resulted from sludge Microbial Solar cell (SMSC) and wastewater Microbial Solar cell (WWMSC). It was found that (SMSC) produce higher electrical energy than (WWMSC) with a voltage equal to 180 mV