The application of gibberellic acid increases berry size of ‘Emperatriz’ seedless grape

Gibberellic acid (GA3) increases berry size of "Emperatriz" seedless grape, the response depending on the phenological stage of vine at treatment date and on the concentration applied. From berry fruit set to 21 days later, 80 mg/L GA3 increased commercial berry weight by 50%-90%, depending on the year, reaching similar size to that of "Aledo" seeded grape, used as comparison. This effect takes place through: a) a larger berry growth rate; b) an early glucose, fructose and sucrose uptake; c) an increase of absolute glucose and fructose content (mg/berry) of seedless berries up to similar values to those of seeded berries; and d) an increase of absolute berry water content but not of relative content to fresh weight, thus water potential and osmotic potential are not significantly modified by treatments. GA3 does not affect berry pericarp cell number but increases pericarp cell diameter

Notes sobre metges de la Clínica Mèdica B de l'Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, dirigida pel professor Màxim Soriano (1943-1973)

Es fa una recensió d’una trentena de metges que van ser membres de la Clínica Mèdica B, que dirigí el doctor Màxim Soriano, sigui a les sales o als dispensaris. Són els doctors: Alcántara, Anglés, Argilés, Bonastre, Casanovas, Cavallé, Codina Altés, Escarpenter, Ferrer, Gispert, Juncadella, Loran, Manchon, Mansilla, Martí, Martínez Brotons, Nogués, Olmos, Padrós, Périz, Permanyer, Piera González, Piera Robert, Sancho, Segarra, Taverna i Vives

International investments in the water sector: last decade evolution and way forward towards MDG

Effective allocation of investments is crucial to achieve the Water and Sanitation target of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). The present paper exposes the main results of a detailed study made about the Official Development Assistance (ODA) and the international private investment in the water sector from 1995 to 2004. Public available data sets from the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), the World Bank, and from the Human Development Reports (population and water and sanitation access’ figures) have been collected in a specific database. ODA programmes have been analyzed individually, in order to separate water and sanitation subsectors, since DAC reporting system does not make it directly. The study includes a comparative analysis of public and private international investment; it analyzes the coherence, both geographical and sub sectorial of aid allocation, as well as the terms and conditions of the ODA delivered. Special focus was made on the sanitation subsector. Finally it assesses private participation success in the sector and evaluates cross cutting issues in ODA water programmes. Results of ODA’s analysis show how far donors lag behind their own commitments both in terms of quantity and quality of aid. Data show big geographical inequalities, comparing the share of aid received by regions related to the number of people without access living there. Regardless extremely low coverage in sanitation, donors are not really committed to improve it. Results from international private participation in water and sanitation projects show a little contribution to the achievement of the MDG, as well as a decrease tendency in participation. Complementarities between private and public sector were not significant, if MDG are to be achieved. As a main conclusion of the analysis, we can affirm that there is room for improvements in the water sector’s aid. A global coordination mechanism among donors is needed to ensure more efficient sector’s resources allocation; at the same time, donors should fulfil their own recommendations on terms and conditions of aid. International water and sanitation funds should add on existing national funds in order to effectively increase sector investment. Consideration of private sector’s investments could improve ODA’s allocations. The tiny amount of ODA resources dedicated to sanitation represents a huge contradiction with actual needs.Postprint (published version

Nutritional properties of organic and conventional beef meat at retail

BACKGROUND: Consumers perceive that organic meat has superior nutritional properties compared to conventional meat,although the available evidence from commercial samples is very scarce. The present study compared the nutritional composi-tion of organic and conventional beef meat sold at retail, including, for the first time, the bioactive compounds coenzyme Q10,carnosine, anserine, creatine and taurine. Sampling comprised two muscles: longissimus thoracis and supraspinatus.RESULTS: Organic beef had 17% less cholesterol, 32% less fat, 16% less fatty acids, 24% less monounsaturated fatty acids,170% more휶-linolenic acid, 24% more휶-tocopherol, 53% more휷-carotene, 34% more coenzyme Q10and 72% more taurinethan conventional beef. Differences between organic and conventional samples were clearly dependent on the muscle becauselongissimus thoracis and supraspinatus showed different patterns of compound accumulation.CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, a higher amount of bioactive compounds in organic beef meat is reported for the first timein the present study. Retail organic beef had a higher nutritional value than retail conventional beef, which resulted frombetter-balanced lipid and bioactive compound contents.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis with and without associated collagen vascular diseases: results of a two year follow up

Background: Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis is a disease with a highly variable clinical course. To ascertain if an inadequate selection of patients might explain part of this variability, two different groups of patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, those with the 'lone' form of the disease (LIPF) and those with associated collagen vascular disorders (AIPF), were studied separately. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients (nine with LIPF and 11 with AIPF) were included. Their clinical and radiographic findings and results of pulmonary function tests, gallium-67 lung scanning, and cellular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were compared at diagnosis. Moreover, the evolution of LIPF and AIPF was contrasted after a follow up of two years, both groups having received a similar treatment regimen of corticosteroids. Results: At enrollment, patients with LIPF and AIPF were of similar age, and had similar symptoms and derangement of lung function, but patients with LIPF presented with finger clubbing, more obvious radiographic abnormalities, and a greater percentage of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Two years later, patients with LIPF had significantly decreased FVC, FEV1, TLC, TLCO, and PaO2. By contrast, lung function remained unaltered in patients with AIPF. Similarly, when the percentage change from entry to the study was compared, patients with LIPF showed a significant decrease in FVC, FEV1, and PaO2. Conclusions: Unlike the patients with AIPF, those with LIPF showed a deterioration in lung function and developed further restrictive impairment and poorer gas exchange. This has implications in their clinical management

Experiencia, empatía y conversión: una teología de la música como epifanía del Misterio.

En nuestro entorno cultural, la pregunta religiosa actual se formula en términos de «¿cómo decir Dios?». Esta búsqueda se concreta privilegiadamente en el ámbito de la experiencia estética. En este horizonte, el autor ensaya elaborar una teología de la música como epifanía del Misterio partiendo de la experiencia, la empatia y la conversión. Se subraya la presencia de compositores que interpretan hermenéuticamente la Palabra llevándola a una comprensión empática y que va más allá de cualquier explicación. A la hora de decir una palabra sobre el Inefable y sobre el misterio de su comunicabilidad, los teólogos pueden ser sensibles a los lenguajes meta-lingüísticos, como la música y la percepción estética. En ellos pueden encontrar un camino de comunicación de la percepción estética del Misterio del Dios que se revela

Politraumatismos y patologías bucales en el yacimiento de Altimiris

X Congreso Nacional de Paleopatología. Univesidad Autónoma de Madrid, septiembre de 200