Controversias sobre los riesgos pro-carcinogenicos asociados al uso de lamparas UV polimerizadoras para el esmaltado permanente de uñas

Antecedentes: Recientemente se ha suscitado una polémica por el potencial pro-carcinogénico de la exposición a lámparas de rayos UVA necesarias para el esmaltado permanente de uñas. La entrada de nuevos dispositivos de polimerización a base de LEDs y su potencial efecto biológico no ha sido analizado aún. Objetivo: Evaluar la potencia de emisión y su potencial de acción para efectos biológicos en la piel en dos tipos lámparas polimerizadoras UV leds y fluorescentes en condiciones de uso habitual comparado con dosis de exposición solar. Material y métodos: Se analizó el espectro de emisión (290-450nm) de lámparas polimerizadoras y del sol al mediodía en un día medio de verano en latitudes medias de España. Se caracterizó además la irradiancia biológica efectiva potencial de generación de eritema, cáncer de piel no melanoma, daño al ADN, fotoinmunosupresión y pigmentación permanente. Resultados: La irradiancia UVA-visible de alta energía emitida por los dispositivos fue similar a la emitida por el sol en esa franja espectral y las dosis biológicas efectivas fueron menores o similares al sol. La dosis UV y visible de alta energía total por sesión de manicura correspondió a la obtenida entre 3.5-6 min al sol al mediodía en verano en nuestras latitudes. Conclusiones: Los tiempos de exposición y las dosis recibidas en la práctica habitual del secado de uñas por lámparas artificiales corresponden a exposiciones solares de 3-5 minutos en las horas centrales del día. Esto representa un potencial carcinogénico muy bajo comparado con la exposición solar, aunque similar en potencial inmunosupresor. Medidas de fotoprotección minimizarían aún más los riesgos potenciales

An Unusual Case of Solar Urticaria Exacerbated by Clothing: Confirmation Through Phototesting

This work has been supported by the project no. PID2020-117224RB-100of Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. // Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA

Ultraviolet exposure of competitors during a Tokyo Olympic Sailing Regatta Test Event

Background Overexposure to sunlight is the main cause of skin cancer. Photoprotection practices and sunburn play a crucial role in skin cancer prevention. Objectives This study aimed to quantify the risk of sun exposure and to evaluate photoprotection practices in Spanish sailors during Olympic competitions. Methods Solar daily ultraviolet (UV) radiation cycle, personal UV dosimetry, photoprotection practices and sunburn checking were followed during three consecutive days of competition among sailors from the Spanish Olympic Sailing Team during a Tokyo Olympic Regatta Test Event. Results A total of 13 sailors (7 women), with mean age of 27.6 +/- 4.7 years and sports experience of 17.7 +/- 5.4 years, were studied. The most common phototypes were type III (53.8%) and type II (38.5%). The rate of sunburn checked was high (46.2%). The mean daily personal UV exposure received was 761.0 +/- 263.6 J/m(2), 3.0 +/- 1.1 minimal erythemal dose and 7.6 +/- 2.6 standard erythemal dose, seven times greater than the maximum permissible UV light exposure values for an 8 h working day. The use of a T-shirt was the most common practice (94.2%), followed by the use of shade (50.2%), hat/cap (44.0%), sunglasses (26.1%) and sunscreen (11.8%). Conclusions Olympic sailor's studies presented high levels of UV radiation received, high rate of sunburn and insufficient adherence to sun-protective behaviours (especially, to use of sunscreen) to prevent sunburn, the main cause of skin cancer. Sport Federations should develop educational campaigns addressing sun-related exposure habits and photoprotection behaviours to reduce the risk of skin cancer among these athletes

Summer and spring elbow rashes is a variant of polymorphous light eruption: confirmation by photoprovocation and histopathology in a series of five cases

Background: Summer and spring eruptions on the elbows are a variant of polymorphous light eruption described on clinical and histopathological grounds; however, to our knowledge, they have not been confirmed by photobiological studies. Objective: Based on photobiological studies, this study aimed to demonstrate the involvement of ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiation in this variant of polymorphous light eruption occurring exclusively on the elbows. Methods: A series of five patients with polymorphous light eruption lesions on the elbows were included in our study. All patients underwent phototesting and photoprovocation of the skin lesions after exposure to a UVA light source [Philips UVA HPA lamp (400 W)]. All patients underwent punch biopsy and histopathological and immunohistochemical studies with anti-CD123. Results: In all the cases, UVA irradiation caused the appearance of skin lesions on the elbows with characteristic polymorphous light eruption. Histological data showed edema in the superficial dermis and a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate compatible with polymorphous light eruption. Immunohistochemical staining for CD1-23 showed negative results. Conclusions: For the first time, photobiological photoprovocation studies demonstrated that repeated exposure to UVA radiation leads to the generation of skin lesions on the elbows, which are clinically and histologically consistent with summer and spring eruptions, confirming that elbow rash is a variant of polymorphous light eruptio

Ultraviolet sun exposure and sun protection behaviors in outdoor rock climbers

Background: Overexposure to sunlight and sunburn are the main preventable causes of skin cancer. Outdoor sports are associated with significant levels of sunlight exposure. Aims: We sought to quantify the sun radiation exposure received by outdoor rock climbers and assess their sun exposure habits, sun protection behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge regarding skin cancer. Methods: From April to June 2021, outdoor rock climbers contacted via email completed an online validated self-reported questionnaire on sun related habits, behaviors, attitudes and knowledge. As a pilot trial, ten participants wore a personal dosimeter during two outdoor climbing weekends in May and November 2021. Ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was also recorded. Results: A total of 217 outdoor rock climbers (103 women), mean age 36.8 ± 8.8 years (range 20–70 years) and median climbing practice per week of 8 h (IQR 7.5) were studied. Two in three (65.9%) participants reported at least one sunburn event during the previous rock climbing season. Of the survey respondents, 49.3% reported using sunscreen with SPF ≥ 15, 47% wore sunglasses, and 14.3% indicated they reapplied sunscreen every two hours. The median personal UVR dose measured during the two outdoor climbing weekends analyzed was 5.2 (IQR 1.8) and 8.8 (IQR 1.1) standard erythemal doses, respectively. Conclusions: The high rates of sunburn, the elevated personal UVR measured and the clearly insufficient sun protection practices followed during rock climbing together with unsatisfactory attitudes towards tanning reveal the need to develop explicit sun protection campaigns and educational strategies to reduce the risk of skin cancer among the athletes studied.10 página

Genomic Characterization of Host Factors Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in People with Dementia and Control Populations: The GR@ACE/DEGESCO Study

Emerging studies have suggested several chromosomal regions as potential host genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease outcome. We nested a COVID-19 genome-wide association study using the GR@ACE/DEGESCO study, searching for susceptibility factors associated with COVID-19 disease. To this end, we compared 221 COVID-19 confirmed cases with 17,035 individuals in whom the COVID-19 disease status was unknown. Then, we performed a meta-analysis with the publicly available data from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Because the APOE locus has been suggested as a potential modifier of COVID-19 disease, we added sensitivity analyses stratifying by dementia status or by disease severity. We confirmed the existence of the 3p21.31 region (LZTFL1, SLC6A20) implicated in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and TYK2 gene might be involved in COVID-19 severity. Nevertheless, no statistically significant association was observed in the COVID-19 fatal outcome or in the stratified analyses (dementia-only and non-dementia strata) for the APOE locus not supporting its involvement in SARS-CoV-2 pathobiology or COVID-19 prognosis

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes

Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues

Radiación solar y artificial efectiva para diferentes efectos fotobiológicos cutáneos. Avances en estrategias de diagnóstico y fotoprotección

La radiación electromagnética natural y artificial tiene efectos biológicos en los seres vivos, especialmente en la piel humana. Para comprender la respuesta de la radiación solar en la piel, se han desarrollado espectros de acción que representan los diferentes efectos biológicos que sirven como base para la fototerapia, el fotodiagnóstico y la fotoprotección. Esta tesis se enfoca en analizar los efectos biológicos asociados a la radiación ultravioleta (UV) solar y artificial, y su aplicación en estrategias fotodermatológicas más allá del eritema y la pigmentación cutánea. Se han analizado diferentes estrategias de fotoprotección para proteger la piel de la radiación solar y su relación con los niveles de vitamina D en nuestro organismo. Se han determinado los factores de protección solar ofrecida por tejidos, cristales, sombras y protectores solares de última generación para proteger frente a inmunosupresión, estrés oxidativo, envejecimiento cutáneo e incluso patologías oculares como la fotoqueratitis. Se ha incidido en la sombra por su poder no solo en el campo de la protección solar sino como indicadora de niveles de radiación UV potencial para cualquier momento del día, día del año y latitud mediante un modelo matemático universal. Esto ha llevado al desarrollo y creación de UVILISCO, una herramienta de fácil manejo para detectar el índice UV por la distancia de sombra de un objeto y las indicaciones de protección solar adecuadas a cada valor de índice. Además, se ha investigado las longitudes de onda implicadas en la generación de urticaria solar y se han desarrollado dispositivos a base de LEDs capaces de ser utilizados como herramientas de fotodiagnóstico por su fácil manejo, coste y alta efectividad. Se destaca la necesidad de mayor precisión en la caracterización de las limitaciones de exposición a la radiación UV en diferentes ámbitos cotidianos para prevenir frente a la generación de patologías cutáneas

Cyborgs y creación musical: la expresión de la hibridación posmoderna

Hybridization could be one of the most significant concepts in the postmodern era, and the cyborg could represent such “final” and paradigmatic currently mixture. To demonstrate this, we offer a theoretical framework on the concept discussed and, in the second part of this research, we conducted a review study applied to a specific field of culture: music creation. Our hypothesis is that, in any case, that is the field of musical culture in which production has focused cyborg and therefore research on this. The reasons for this may have to do with the specific immaterial nature of music and the fact that it is a privileged manifestation, perhaps the most paradigmatic of today’s popular culture.Siendo el concepto de hibridación uno de los más significativos de la posmodernidad, el cyborg podría representar dicha mezcla “definitiva” y paradigmática en la actualidad. Para demostrarlo, se expone un marco teórico acerca del concepto y realizamos un estudio de revisión aplicado a un campo específico de la cultura: la creación musical. Nuestra hipótesis afirma que el musical es el ámbito de la cultura en el cual se ha focalizado la producción cyborg y, por ende, la investigación acerca de ésta. Las razones que lo explican pueden tener que ver con el específico carácter inmaterial de la música y con el hecho de que se trata de una manifestación privilegiada, quizá la más paradigmática, de la cultura popular actual