Cinética de complejos con ligandos tetraciclínicos

[spa] Como continuación de la línea experimental cinética iniciada en este Departamento con el estudio de la reacción del ion Cr(III) con el ácido etilendiaminotetraacático, se han emprendido los trabajos de investigación conducentes a la determinación de parámetros cinéticos correspondientes a las reacciones de los elementos de transición V (IV), Fe (III) y Ti (III) con la Tetraciclina, que conducen a la formación de complejos fuertemente coloreados. La cinética se ha seguido mediante una técnica espectrofotométrica aprovechando el cambio de color que acompaña el paso de los reactivos a productos, cuya composición se ha determinado por las mismas técnicas experimentales. El objetivo de nuestras determinaciones es deducir órdenes parciales y constantes de velocidad y observar cómo afectan a esta última magnitud de factores externos tales como el pH, la fuerza iónica y la temperatura, que nos permitan calcular magnitudes termodinámicas y realizar un estudio comparativo para las distintas reacciones. Con los resultados obtenidos proponemos un mecanismo de reacción que se ajuste a los datos cinéticos

Anti-Doping Knowledge of Students Undertaking Bachelor’s Degrees in Sports Sciences in Spain

In Spain, students pursuing a career in athletic training, physical education, or scientific evaluation of sports enroll in a bachelor's degree in sports sciences. This degree provides knowledge and skills in a broad array of sports settings and promotes research-based interdisciplinary knowledge. However, the student's syllabus rarely includes specific academic training on anti-doping regulations or doping prevention. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-doping knowledge of the students undertaking a bachelor's degree in sports sciences in Spanish universities. One thousand two hundred and thirty-three bachelor students in sport science (907 males, 322 females, and 4 participants with non-binary sex) from 26 Spanish universities completed a validated questionnaire about general anti-doping knowledge. The questionnaire is an adapted version of the Play True Quiz of the World Anti-Doping Agency and contains 37 multiple-choice questions. The score obtained in the questionnaire was transformed into a 0-100-point scale. The questionnaire was distributed among students within each university by a faculty member and it was filled out online. Students obtained a score of 65.8 +/- 10.10 points (range = 32-92 points). There was an effect of the course in the score obtained (p < 0.001). Students of the first course (63.6 +/- 9.5 points) had lower scores than the remaining courses (p < 0.037) while the students of the fourth course obtained the highest scores (68.7 +/- 9.5 points; p < 0.019). The students with an itinerary on sports performance were the respondents with the highest anti-doping knowledge (67.2 +/- 10.2) points, followed by the students with an itinerary on health (66.7 +/- 9.5 points). The knowledge of basic anti-doping rules and doping prevention strategies of the bachelor students in sports sciences in Spain was suboptimal. Increasing doping prevention information in the syllabus of the bachelor's degree in sports sciences is essential as these future professionals will directly work with populations at risk of doping

A comparison between experimental and theoretical excitation functions for the O+ + H2 (4A'') system using trajectory calculations over a wide energy range

The O++H2 prototypic ion-molecule reaction was recently studied in our group using the quasiclassical trajectory method on a ground model potential‐energy surface of the system inferred from both experimental and theoretical information and reasonable assumptions, fitted using a London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato surface modified to include an ion-induced‐dipole interaction term. The theoretical results previously reported agreed rather well with the available experimental information. In view of the latest experimental findings, we present in this contribution the results of new trajectory calculations on the above‐mentioned surface, covering a wide range of relative translational energies of reactants. The accord between the experimental determinations and the present theoretical evaluations is excellent at relative energies below 1.0 eV, while for higher energies the potential‐energy surface, even though still yielding reasonably good results, provides a worse agreement. The observed discrepancies should be attributed either to the too attractive character of the surface or to the interfering influence of the competing O++H2→O+H2+ charge‐transfer process

Analysis of the Usefulness of a Serious Game to Raise Awareness about Mental Health Problems in a Sample of High School and University Students: Relationship with Familiarity and Time Spent Playing Video Games

Background: One of the main challenges in the field of mental health today is the stigma towards individuals who have psychological disorders. Aims: This study aims to analyse the usefulness of applying a serious game developed for the purpose of raising awareness among students about mental health problems and analyse whether its usefulness can be influenced by the type of video games or the time that students usually devote to playing with this type of entertainment. Method: The serious game introduces four characters who display the symptoms of different psychological disorders. A total of 530 students participated in the study, 412 of whom comprised the experimental group and 118 the control group, 291 came from secondary school classes and 239 were university students. Results: The findings show that this serious game significantly reduced total stigma among students. Variables like time habitually spent playing video games or video game preference had no bearing on the results. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the serious game is an appropriated tool to reduce stigma, both in high school and university students, independently of the type of video games that young people usually play, or time spent playing video games

Galileo Station Keeping Strategy

This paper presents analyses done for the design and implementation of the Maneuver Planning software of the Galileo Flight Dynamics Facility. The station keeping requirements of the constellation have been analyzed in order to identify the key parameters to be taken into account in the design and implementation of the software

Dynamics of the N(4S) + NO(X2Π) → N2(X1Σ g+) + O(3P) atmospheric reaction on the 3A'' ground potential energy surface.III. Quantum dynamics study and comparison with quasiclassical and experimental results

A detailed reactive-infinite-order sudden approximation (R-IOSA) study of the reactivity of the N+NO→N2+O system has been carried out in the 0.0038 to 1.388 eV translational energy range and the results have been compared with the existing quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) and experimental data available. The general features already observed in the previous QCT studies are reproduced qualitatively in the quantum study, even though some differences arise in the product vibrational distributions and state-to-state opacity functions in the low energy range. The observed differences have been justified in terms of the anisotropy of the potential energy surface and the vibrational barriers to reaction at fixed angles. A strong vibrational adiabaticity is observed quantally in the low translational energy range, disappearing at moderately high collision energies (around 0.3 eV), where a simple Franck-Condon type model is capable of describing the evolution of the vibrational distribution with translational energy. The vibrational distributions at fixed angles have been discussed within the context of Polanyi's and Light's correlation between products vibrational excitation and the features of the potential energy surface. The validity of extending the conclusions drawn from collinear to three-dimensional (3D) collisions is discussed. Finally, the detailed reaction mechanism is examined in light of the vibrational matrix elements of the close-coupling interaction matrix

Dynamics of the N(4Su) + NO(X2Π) → N2(1Σg+) + O(3Pg) atmospheric reaction on the 3A'' ground potential energy surface. I. Analytical potential energy surface and preliminary quasiclassical trajectory calculations

The N(4Su)+NO(X 2Π)→N2(X 1Σg+)+O(3Pg) reaction plays an important role in the upper atmosphere chemistry and as a calibration system for discharge flow systems. Surprisingly, very little theoretical and experimental work has been devoted to the characterization of the dynamical features of this system. In this work a Sorbie-Murrell expression for the lowest 3A' potential energy surface (PES) connecting reactants in their ground electronic states based upon the fitting of an accurate ab initio CI grid of points has been derived. The PES fitted shows no barrier to reaction with respect to the reactants asymptote in accordance with experimental findings and becomes highly repulsive as the NNO angle is varied away from the saddle point geometry. The results of preliminary quasiclassical trajectory calculations on this surface reproduce very well the experimental energy disposal in products, even though the vibrational distribution derived from trajectories seems to be a bit cooler than the experimental data. Moreover, thermal rate constants derived from trajectories are in excellent accordance with experimental values

Efectos de la aplicación de un programa de entrenamiento específico para el aprendizaje matemático temprano en educación infantil

Se analizaron los cambios establecidos en la competencia matemática temprana de niños en riesgo de presentar dificultades de aprendizaje, utilizando un programa de entrenamiento computerizado para el aprendizaje de habilidades matemáticas. Los 128 niños/as participantes de Educación Infantil (M edad =65,8; dt 3,3) fueron evaluados mediante el test Early- Numeracy-Test (ENT-r) que valoraba la competencia matemática temprana. La fase de intervención consistió en 30 sesiones de aprendizaje utilizando Jugando con Números 2.0. El grupo experimental mejoró significativamente tras la intervención equiparándose al grupo control (t =0,486; p < 0,005). El tamaño del efecto de la intervención arrojó unos altos valores para el grupo experimental (d = 2,75; r = 0,80). Se discute el uso de la intervención educativa basada en nuevas tecnologías como complementaria para mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos en riesgo de presentar dificultades de aprendizaje

Genetics and sports performance: the present and future in the identification of talent for sports based on DNA testing.

The impact of genetics on physiology and sports performance is one of the most debated research aspects in sports sciences. Nearly 200 genetic polymorphisms have been found to influence sports performance traits, and over 20 polymorphisms may condition the status of the elite athlete. However, with the current evidence, it is certainly too early a stage to determine how to use genotyping as a tool for predicting exercise/sports performance or improving current methods of training. Research on this topic presents methodological limitations such as the lack of measurement of valid exercise performance phenotypes that make the study results difficult to interpret. Additionally, many studies present an insufficient cohort of athletes, or their classification as elite is dubious, which may introduce expectancy effects. Finally, the assessment of a progressively higher number of polymorphisms in the studies and the introduction of new analysis tools, such as the total genotype score (TGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have produced a considerable advance in the power of the analyses and a change from the study of single variants to determine pathways and systems associated with performance. The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively review evidence on the impact of genetics on endurance- and power-based exercise performance to clearly determine the potential utility of genotyping for detecting sports talent, enhancing training, or preventing exercise-related injuries, and to present an overview of recent research that has attempted to correct the methodological issues found in previous investigations.post-print1358 K

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the questionnaire of students' attitudes towards schizophrenia

En el presente estudio se analiza las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en castellano del Cuestionario de Actitudes de los Estudiantes hacia la Esquizofrenia. Se trata de un instrumento diseñado y aplicado originalmente en Alemania. Los resultados encontrados señalan un alpha de Cronbach de .95. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio señaló la existencia, al igual que la versión original, de dos factores con una varianza total explicada del 59.94%. Esta estructura fue confirmada por el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Sin embargo, el contenido y significado de estos dos factores difieren ligeramente de la muestra alemana. En este caso, el primer factor haría referencia a miedo o temor hacia las personas con esquizofrenia, el segundo se refiere a estereotipos. Se discute la importancia de estos resultados.The present study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Student Attitudes Questionnaire towards Schizophrenia. It is an instrument originally designed and applied in Germany. The results found point to a Cronbach alpha of .95. The Exploratory Factor Analysis indicated the existence, as the original version, of two factors with a total variance explained of 59.94%. This structure was confirmed by the Factorial Confirmatory Analysis. However, the content and significance of these two factors differ slightly from the German sample. In this case, the first factor would refer to fear or fear towards people with schizophrenia, the second refers to stereotypes. The importance of these results is discussed