Rendimiento de grano y porcentaje de aceite de híbridos de girasol "alto oleico" cultivados en Argentina

Los híbridos de girasol con aceite de alto contenido en ácido oleico están disponibles en el mercado argentino de semillas desde hace tres años. Su comportamiento agronómico no ha sido bien estudiado, como tampoco lo ha sido en comparación al de los híbridos considerados tradicionales. En este trabajo, en una Red de Ensayos Comparativos de Rendimiento, se evaluaron el rendimiento de grano, el porcentaje de aceite y el porcentaje de ácido oleico de una colecciónde híbridos "alto oleico" experimentales y comerciales e híbridos tradicionales,que representan el nivel alcanzado por el mejoramiento genético de girasol en Argentina. Los experimentos se realizaron durante dos años consecutivos y cubrieron la mayor parte del área de producción de girasol en Argentina. La media del porcentaje de ácido oleico de los híbridos experimentales "alto oleico"fue 82,3%, mientras que la de los híbridos tradicionales fue 28,6%. El rendimiento y el porcentaje de aceite de algunos híbridos "alto oleico" fue significativamente mayor al de los híbridos tradicionales en ambas campañas agrícolas. Se concluye que será posible encontrar en los próximos años en el mercado argentino de semillas, híbridos de girasol "alto oleico" con porcentajes de aceite iguales o superiores y con rendimiento de grano potencial superior al de los hí-bridos tradicionales

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. Methods: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015. Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years, 65 to 80 years, and = 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. Results: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 = 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients =80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%, 65 years; 20.5%, 65-79 years; 31.3%, =80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%, <65 years;30.1%, 65-79 years;34.7%, =80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%, =80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age = 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI = 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88), and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared, the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. Conclusion: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age = 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI), and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group